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Ice Templating and Freeze-Drying for Porous Materials and Their Applications

Author Haifei Zhang
Release Date: 2018/08/01
ISBN: 9783527342723
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Book Description

Filling a gap in the literature, this is the first book to focus on the fabrication of functional porous materials by using ice templating and freeze drying.
Comprehensive in its scope, the volume covers such techniques as the fabrication of porous polymers, porous ceramics, biomimic strong composites, carbon nanostructured materials, nanomedicine, porous nanostructures by freeze drying of colloidal or nanoparticle suspensions, and porous materials by combining ice templating and other techniques. In addition, applications for each type of material are also discussed.
Of great benefit to those working in the freeze-drying field and researchers in porous materials, materials chemistry, engineering, and the use of such materials for various applications, both in academia and industry.

Table of Contents

  1. Cover
  2. Preface
  3. Chapter 1: Introduction to Freeze‐drying and Ice Templating
    1. 1.1 Introduction
    2. 1.2 The Freeze‐drying Process
    3. 1.3 Ice Templating for Porous Structures
    4. 1.4 The Practice in Our Laboratory
    5. References
  4. Chapter 2: Fundamentals of Controlled Freezing for Ice‐templated Porous Materials
    1. 2.1 Introduction
    2. 2.2 The Basics of Ice Crystals
    3. 2.3 Instruments and Techniques for Investigation of Freezing Aqueous Particulate Systems
    4. 2.4 The Interactions Between a Particle and the Freezing Front
    5. 2.5 Morphology Instability at the Freezing Front
    6. 2.6 Effect of Parameters on the Structure and Morphology of Ice‐templated Materials
    7. 2.7 Summary
    8. References
  5. Chapter 3: Applications of Freeze‐drying in Pharmaceuticals, Biopharmaceuticals, and Foods
    1. 3.1 Introduction
    2. 3.2 Excipients in Pharmaceutical Formulations
    3. 3.3 Improving the Freeze‐drying Process
    4. 3.4 Applications of Freeze‐drying in Pharmaceutics
    5. 3.5 Applications of Freeze‐drying in Biopharmaceutics
    6. 3.6 Freeze‐drying in Food Applications
    7. 3.7 Summary
    8. References
  6. Chapter 4: Porous Polymers by Ice Templating
    1. 4.1 Introduction
    2. 4.2 Porous Polymers by Freeze‐drying of Solutions and Suspensions
    3. 4.3 Hydrogels and Crosslinked Porous Polymers
    4. 4.4 Applications
    5. 4.5 Summary
    6. References
  7. Chapter 5: Porous Ceramics and Metals by Ice Templating
    1. 5.1 Introduction
    2. 5.2 Porous Ceramics by Ice Templating
    3. 5.3 Porous Ceramics by Gelation‐Freeze‐Casting
    4. 5.4 Porous Ceramics via Cryo‐Sol‐Gelation
    5. 5.5 Porous Metals via Ice templating
    6. 5.6 Applications of Ice‐templated Ceramics
    7. 5.7 Summary
    8. References
  8. Chapter 6: Strong and Tough Ceramic Composites via Ice Templating
    1. 6.1 Introduction
    2. 6.2 Mechanical Characterizations of Ceramic Composites
    3. 6.3 Porous Ceramic/Polymer Composites
    4. 6.4 Porous Ceramic–Ceramic Composites
    5. 6.5 Nacre‐like Layered Ceramic–Polymer Composites
    6. 6.6 Nacre‐like Ceramic/Metal Composites
    7. 6.7 Enamel‐mimic Ceramic–Polymer Composites
    8. 6.8 Ceramic–Ceramic Composites with the Second Nanoscale Ceramic Phase
    9. 6.9 Tough and Functional Composites
    10. 6.10 Summary
    11. References
  9. Chapter 7: Porous Carbon and Carbon‐based Materials via Ice Templating and Freeze‐drying
    1. 7.1 Introduction
    2. 7.2 Carbon Cryogels and Ice‐templated Carbons
    3. 7.3 Carbon Nanofibres
    4. 7.4 Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) and CNT‐based Materials
    5. 7.5 Porous Graphene Networks and Graphene‐based Materials
    6. 7.6 Porous Graphene/CNT Hybrid Structures
    7. 7.7 Summary
    8. References
  10. Chapter 8: Nanomedicine via Freeze‐drying and Ice Templating
    1. 8.1 Introduction
    2. 8.2 Poorly Water‐soluble Drugs and Drug Classifications
    3. 8.3 Nanoformulation Approaches for Poorly Soluble Drugs
    4. 8.4 Bioavailability and Delivery of Drug Nanoparticles
    5. 8.5 Freeze‐drying of Solutions/Suspensions for Nanomedicine
    6. 8.6 Emulsion‐Freeze‐drying for Drug Nanoparticles
    7. 8.7 Solvent Evaporation Within Porous‐Soluble Polymers
    8. 8.8 Summary
    9. References
  11. Chapter 9: Nanostructured Materials Fabricated via Ice Templating of Colloidal/Nanoparticle Suspensions
    1. 9.1 Introduction
    2. 9.2 Cellulose Nanofibres (CNFs) and Cellulose Nanocrystals (CNCs)
    3. 9.3 Nanoparticles and Colloids
    4. 9.4 Nanowires and Nanofibres
    5. 9.5 Platelets and Nanosheets
    6. 9.6 Mixing Colloids and Core–Shell Nanoparticles
    7. 9.7 Summary
    8. References
  12. Chapter 10: Other Developments and Perspectives in the Fabrication of New Materials Facilitated by Freezing and Freeze‐drying
    1. 10.1 Combining Ice‐templating and Other Techniques
    2. 10.2 Freezing‐induced Self‐assembly
    3. 10.3 Reaction and Polymerization in Frozen Solutions
    4. 10.4 Ice‐templated Hierarchically Porous Materials Containing Micropores
    5. 10.5 General Summary and Perspectives
    6. References
  13. Index
  14. End User License Agreement
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