0%

The complete guide to timing and synchronization in advanced service provider networks and enterprise applications As networks have advanced, so has the need for precise timing and synchronization--including highly accurate phase synchronization. Without it, networks become increasingly vulnerable to outages, data loss events, and inefficiencies that can be notoriously difficult to diagnose. 5G telecom networks have especially stringent requirements, but they also apply to a growing number of enterprise applications in finance, factory automation, IoT, media, and beyond.

Synchronizing 5G Mobile Networks is the definitive, comprehensive guide to all aspects of timing and synchronization. Drawing on extensive experience developing and implementing timing and synchronization systems, three leading experts cover standards, protocols, clock design, architecture, solution design, deployment tradeoffs, day-to-day operations, troubleshooting, and more.

This book will be valuable to professionals with diverse backgrounds, even those with no timing or synchronization experience. It will be especially useful to engineers and consultants designing or implementing mobile networks; test engineers validating equipment or production solutions; students seeking careers with service providers or in advanced private networks; and technology leaders seeking to understand the growing role of time synchronization.

  • Understand timing and synchronization concepts, goals, sources, and transport

  • Explore timing applications in telecommunications and beyond

  • Build synchronous networks with clocks, timing reference sources, time distribution, and timing signal consumption

  • Review the role of standards development organizations in defining standards for timing and synchronization

  • Drill down into the details of clocks, clock signals, and clock components

  • Review traditional TDM-based techniques for frequency synchronization

  • Explore precision time protocol (PTP) characteristics, features, profiles, and security

  • Master best practices for designing and deploying timing in physical and packet-based networks

  • Thoroughly understand timing metrics and end-to-end time error budgeting

  • Establish accurate timing and synchronization in advanced 5G and LTE networks, including 5G New Radio and RAN environments

  • Manage tradeoffs in synchronizing diverse cell sites, topologies, radio types, and mobile generations

  • Verify, operate, monitor, and troubleshoot timing systems

Table of Contents

  1. Cover Page
  2. About This eBook
  3. Title Page
  4. Copyright Page
  5. Credits
  6. About the Authors
  7. About the Technical Reviewers
  8. Dedications
  9. Acknowledgments
  10. Contents at a Glance
  11. Contents
  12. Icons Used in This Book
  13. Foreword
  14. Introduction
    1. Motivation for Writing This Book
    2. Who Should Read This Book?
    3. How This Book Is Organized
  15. Part I: Fundamentals of Synchronization and Timing
    1. Chapter 1. Introduction to Synchronization and Timing
    2. Overview of Time Synchronization
    3. What Is Synchronization and Why Is It Needed?
    4. What Is Time?
    5. How Can GPS Provide Timing and Synchronization?
    6. Accuracy Versus Precision Versus Stability
    7. Summary
    8. References in This Chapter
    9. Chapter 1 Acronyms Key
    10. Further Reading
    11. Chapter 2. Usage of Synchronization and Timing
    12. Use of Synchronization in Telecommunications
    13. Use of Time Synchronization in Finance, Business, and Enterprise
    14. Industrial Uses of Time—Power Industry
    15. Summary
    16. References in This Chapter
    17. Chapter 2 Acronyms Key
    18. Chapter 3. Synchronization and Timing Concepts
    19. Synchronous Networks Overview
    20. Clocks
    21. Sources of Frequency, Phase, and Time
    22. Timing Distribution Network
    23. Consumer of Time and Sync (the End Application)
    24. Summary
    25. References in This Chapter
    26. Chapter 3 Acronyms Key
    27. Further Reading
  16. Part II: SDOs, Clocks, and Timing Protocols
    1. Chapter 4. Standards Development Organizations
    2. International Telecommunication Union
    3. 3rd Generation Partnership Project
    4. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
    5. European Telecommunications Standards Institute
    6. Internet Engineering Task Force
    7. Radio Access Network
    8. MEF Forum
    9. Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers and Audio Engineering Society
    10. Summary
    11. References in This Chapter
    12. Chapter 4 Acronyms Key
    13. Further Reading
    14. Chapter 5. Clocks, Time Error, and Noise
    15. Clocks
    16. Time Error
    17. Holdover Performance
    18. Transient Response
    19. Measuring Time Error
    20. References in This Chapter
    21. Chapter 5 Acronyms Key
    22. Further Reading
    23. Chapter 6. Physical Frequency Synchronization
    24. Evolution of Frequency Synchronization
    25. BITS and SSU
    26. Clocking Hierarchy
    27. Synchronous Ethernet
    28. Enhanced Synchronous Ethernet
    29. Clock Traceability
    30. Synchronization Network Chain
    31. Clock Selection Process
    32. Timing Loops
    33. Standardization
    34. Summary
    35. References in This Chapter
    36. Chapter 6 Acronyms Key
    37. Further Reading
    38. Chapter 7. Precision Time Protocol
    39. History and Overview of PTP
    40. PTP Versus NTP
    41. IEEE 1588-2008 (PTPv2)
    42. PTP Clocks
    43. Profiles
    44. PTP Security
    45. IEEE 1588-2019 (PTPv2.1)
    46. Summary
    47. References in This Chapter
    48. Chapter 7 Acronyms Key
  17. Part III: Standards, Recommendations, and Deployment Considerations
    1. Chapter 8. ITU-T Timing Recommendations
    2. Overview of the ITU
    3. ITU-T Physical and TDM Timing Recommendations
    4. ITU-T Recommendations for Frequency in Packet Networks
    5. ITU-T Packet-Based Timing Recommendations
    6. Possible Future Changes in Recommendations
    7. Summary
    8. References in This Chapter
    9. Chapter 8 Acronyms Key
    10. Further Reading
    11. Chapter 9. PTP Deployment Considerations
    12. Deployment and Usage
    13. Factors Impacting Timing Performance
    14. Parameters for Timing Performance
    15. Clock Performance
    16. Budgeting End-to-End Time Error
    17. Network Holdover
    18. Packet Network Topologies
    19. Packet Transport
    20. Non-Mobile Deployments
    21. Summary
    22. References in This Chapter
    23. Chapter 9 Acronyms Key
    24. Further Reading
  18. Part IV: Timing Requirements, Solutions, and Testing
    1. Chapter 10. Mobile Timing Requirements
    2. Evolution of Cellular Networks
    3. Timing Requirements for Mobility Networks
    4. Timing Requirements for LTE and LTE-A
    5. Evolution of the 5G Architecture
    6. 5G New Radio Synchronization Requirements
    7. Summary
    8. References in This Chapter
    9. Chapter 10 Acronyms Key
    10. Further Reading
    11. Chapter 11. 5G Timing Solutions
    12. Deployment Considerations for Mobile Timing
    13. Frequency-Only Deployments
    14. Frequency, Phase, and Time Deployment Options
    15. Midhaul and Fronthaul Timing
    16. Timing Security and MACsec
    17. Summary
    18. References in This Chapter
    19. Chapter 11 Acronyms Key
    20. Further Reading
    21. Chapter 12. Operating and Verifying Timing Solutions
    22. Hardware and Software Solution Requirements
    23. Writing a Request for Proposal
    24. Testing Timing
    25. Automation and Assurance
    26. Troubleshooting and Field Testing
    27. Summary
    28. Conclusion
    29. References in This Chapter
    30. Chapter 12 Acronyms Key
    31. Further Reading
  19. Index
  20. Inside Front Cover
  21. Code Snippets
3.138.114.94