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The Handbook of Informal Language Learning

Author Mark Dressman , Randall William Sadler
Release Date: 2020/02/01
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Book Description

Provides a comprehensive and unique examination of global language learning outside of the formal school setting

Authored by a prominent team of international experts in their respective fields, The Handbook of Informal Language Learning is a one-of-a-kind reference work and it is a timely and valuable resource for anyone looking to explore informal language learning outside of a formal education environment. It features a comprehensive collection of cutting edge research areas exploring the cultural and historical cases of informal language learning, along with the growing area of digital language learning, and the future of this relevant field in national development and language education.

The Handbook of Informal Language Learning examines informal language learning from both theoretical and practical perspectives. Structured across six sections, chapters cover areas of motivation, linguistics, cognition, and multimodality; digital learning, including virtual contexts, gaming, fanfiction, vlogging, mobile devices, and nonformal programs; and media and live contact, including learning through environmental print, tourism/study abroad. The book also provides studies of informal learning in four national contexts, examines the integration of informal and formal classroom learning, and discusses the future of language learning from different perspectives.

  • Edited by respected researchers of computer-mediated communication and second language learning and teacher education
  • Features contributions by leading international scholars reaching out to a global audience
  • Presents an exciting and progressive selection of chapters in a rapidly expanding field of research and teaching
  • Provides a state-of-the-art collection of the theories, as well as the historical, cultural and international cases relating to informal language learning and its future in a digital age
  • Covers 30 key topics that represent pioneering findings and new research

The Handbook of Informal Language Learning is an essential resource for researchers, students, and professionals in the fields of language acquisition, English as a second language, and foreign language education. 

Table of Contents

  1. Cover
  2. Notes on Contributors
  3. Introduction
    1. A new field of research
    2. Plan of the handbook
    3. Conclusion
    4. REFERENCES
  4. Part I: Theorizing Informal Language Learning
    1. 1 Motivation and Informal Language Learning
      1. Introduction
      2. Second language motivation in the classroom
      3. English learning beyond the classroom
      4. Informal language learning: A theoretical framework
      5. Conclusion
      6. REFERENCES
    2. 2 Learning Languages in Informal Environments: Some Cognitive Considerations
      1. Introduction
      2. Summary
      3. REFERENCES
    3. 3 Multimodality and Language Learning
      1. Introduction
      2. Conclusion: Why do we need a theory of multimodality?
      3. REFERENCES
    4. 4 How Learning Context Shapes Heritage and Second Language Acquisition
      1. Introduction
      2. Language acquisition in different contexts
      3. Second language acquisition
      4. Heritage language acquisition
      5. Formal vs. informal contexts in language learning
      6. Informal language learning today: New technologies
      7. Conclusion
      8. REFERENCES
    5. 5 Informal Writing and Language Learning
      1. Introduction
      2. Conclusion
      3. REFERENCES
  5. Part II: Learning in Digital Contexts
    1. 6 Virtual Landscapes
      1. Introduction
      2. Virtual worlds and informal language learning
      3. Teacher recommendations and the future of VWs
      4. REFERENCES
    2. 7 Gaming and Informal Language Learning
      1. Introduction
      2. General findings related to L2 acquisition and informal learning through games
      3. Gameplay interactions
      4. Research limitations
      5. What is language learning?: Perceptions and a market of diverse solutions
      6. The future of gaming and informal language learning
      7. Concluding thoughts
      8. REFERENCES
    3. 8 Self‐Paced Language Learning Using Online Platforms
      1. Introduction
      2. Web‐based and mobile platforms
      3. Research study
      4. Conclusion
      5. REFERENCES
      6. INTERNET SOURCES
    4. 9 Fan Fiction and Informal Language Learning
      1. Introduction
      2. Fan fiction – a crash course
      3. Fan fiction and informal language learning
      4. Future directions
      5. REFERENCES
    5. 10 Vlogs, Video Publishing, and Informal Language Learning
      1. Introduction
      2. Informal language learning and the internet
      3. Studying informal language‐learning vlogs
      4. The potential of informal language learning in the context of vlogs
      5. Limits of informal learning in the context of vlogs
      6. Conclusion
      7. REFERENCES
    6. 11  Mobile Collaboration for Language Learning and Cultural Learning
      1. Introduction
      2. Informal mobile language learning and collaboration
      3. Fostering peer collaboration via mobile devices
      4. Forms of context‐relevant collaboration beyond the classroom
      5. Roles for teachers
      6. Support for learners
      7. Conclusion
      8. REFERENCES
  6. Part III: Learning Through Media and Live Contact
    1. 12 Video and Informal Language Learning
      1. Introduction
      2. The scope and scale of video and informal language learning today
      3. Research on captioned video and informal language learning
      4. Some key studies of caption use in informal language learning
      5. REFERENCES
    2. 13 Songs and Music
      1. Introduction
      2. The linguistic benefits of using music and songs
      3. Conclusion
      4. REFERENCES
    3. 14 Mobility, Media, and Multiplicity: Immigrants' Informal Language Learning via Media
      1. Introduction
      2. Informal learning through media: Maintaining the old and developing the new
      3. Lessons learned: Supporting informal language learning
      4. REFERENCES
    4. 15 Service Sector Work and Informal Language Learning
      1. Introduction
      2. Theoretical concepts
      3. Learning in natural settings: The strategies used by businesses and employees' communication strategies
      4. Conclusions
      5. REFERENCES
    5. 16 Linguistic Landscapes and Additional Language Development
      1. Introduction
      2. The linguistic landscape: From a colorful canvas to critical pedagogical approaches for language learning
      3. Making use of the language‐learning opportunities that are already there
      4. Implications and future potential
      5. REFERENCES
    6. 17 Language Tourism and Second Language Acquisition in Informal Learning Contexts
      1. Introduction
      2. Language gains deriving from language tourism
      3. Interacting with the host community
      4. The role of accommodation, leisure activities, and other travel components in facilitating SLA
      5. Alternative educational settings conducive to SLA
      6. SLA in work contexts
      7. Challenges and future research
      8. REFERENCES
  7. Part IV: International Case Studies of Informal Language Learners
    1. 18 Hong Kong and Informal Language Learning
      1. Introduction
      2. The linguistic and sociocultural realities of Hong Kong
      3. Hong Kong learners' engagement in informal language learning
      4. The interaction of out‐of‐class learning experience and linguistic and sociocultural realities
      5. Conclusion
      6. REFERENCES
    2. 19 An Emerging Path to English in Korea: Informal Digital Learning of English
      1. Introduction
      2. The unique position of English in Korea
      3. IDLE and English learning outcomes
      4. Implications for English education in Korea
      5. REFERENCES
    3. 20 Informal English Learning Among Moroccan Youth
      1. Introduction
      2. Methods
      3. Findings
      4. Discussion: The invisible university
      5. Conclusion: Limitations
      6. REFERENCES
    4. 21 Sweden and Informal Language Learning
      1. Introduction
      2. Informal learning
      3. Survey of the field – Sweden
      4. Concluding remarks
      5. REFERENCES
    5. 22 Informal English Learning in France
      1. Introduction
      2. Early findings on informal English learning in France
      3. Participation in online informal activities
      4. A case study on L2 development from informal usage
      5. Implications from the present research
      6. Conclusion
      7. REFERENCES
  8. Part V: Informal Learning and Formal Contexts
    1. 23 Translanguaging Across Contexts
      1. Introduction
      2. Context and theory
      3. Empirical studies
      4. Translanguaging examples
      5. Implications for research and practice
      6. REFERENCES
    2. 24 A Critical Review of Social Networks for Language Learning Beyond the Classroom
      1. Introduction
      2. Theoretical and methodological framing
      3. Approaching social media
      4. Social networking in language education
      5. Informal learning
      6. Future directions
      7. Conclusion
      8. REFERENCES
    3. 25 Digital Writing in Informal Settings Among Multilingual Language Learners
      1. Introduction
      2. Technology‐supported informal writing
      3. Bridging the gap
      4. Concluding remarks
      5. REFERENCES
    4. 26 Extensive Reading for Statistical Learning
      1. Introduction to extensive reading
      2. Statistical learning
      3. Reading and vocabulary research supporting ER
      4. Research on ER
      5. Reading comprehension
      6. Reading rate
      7. Vocabulary development
      8. Other benefits
      9. Obstacles to ER
      10. Implementation
      11. REFERENCES
    5. 27 Leveraging Technology to Integrate Informal Language Learning within Classroom Settings
      1. Introduction
      2. The case for integrating informal learning into a language class
      3. Teacher support for informal language learning
      4. Strategies and tools for informal language learning: Focus on listening and vocabulary development
      5. Designing and evaluating informal language learning experiences
      6. Conclusion: The road ahead
      7. REFERENCES
    6. 28 Connecting Informal and Formal Language Learning
      1. Introduction
      2. Key concepts related to informal and autonomous language learning
      3. Benefits of informal autonomous language learning
      4. Self‐directed language learning and technology
      5. Underlying theoretical constructs associated with autonomous language learning
      6. Other factors that can foster or impede L2 learner autonomy
      7. Instructional approaches that encourage autonomous learning
      8. Autonomous learning within the classroom
      9. Autonomous language‐learning communities
      10. Non‐language oriented spaces and communities
      11. Benefits of participation in these online communities
      12. Potential dangers of online autonomous learning
      13. Resources available
      14. Suggestions for using these resources in the L2 classroom
      15. Conclusions: Making the formal informal again
      16. REFERENCES
  9. Part VI: The Present and Future of Informal Language Learning
    1. 29 Digital Translation: Its Potential and Limitations for Informal Language Learning
      1. Introduction
      2. Translation in the language classroom
      3. Translation technology
      4. Application of translation apps for language learning
      5. Conclusion
      6. REFERENCES
    2. 30 Future Directions in Informal Language Learning
      1. Introduction
      2. Understanding experiential language learning: A growing need
      3. Recreational language learning on the rise
      4. New opportunities for learning through games and social media
      5. Growing participation in nonformal, yet structured learning
      6. Classroom integration
      7. New devices and opportunities on the horizon
      8. The role of informal language learning in the future
      9. REFERENCES
    3. 31 Last Words: Naming, Framing, and Challenging the Field
      1. Introduction
      2. Naming the field
      3. Framing informal learning
      4. The interdisciplinary attraction of informal language learning
      5. Challenges for future research
      6. Future research shopping list
      7. Conclusion
      8. REFERENCES
  10. Index
  11. End User License Agreement
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