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by Andrew Sel
Animation
Cover
Title Page
Copyright
Contents
Introduction
The significance of animation
Uses of animation
A model for future communication
The defining principles of animation
Twelve principles of animation
The animation pipeline
Preproduction
Production
Postproduction
About this book
An animation timeline
1. Preproduction—Planning and Scriptwriting
The animation pipeline in preproduction
Scheduling a production
Animation job roles
Scriptwriting
What is a script?
The vocabulary and language of animation
Animated language
Approaches to scriptwriting
Premise
Story ladders and friezes
Plot
Animation plot themes
Genre in animation
Categories of animated genres
Script development
Prose brief
Step outline
Event analysis
Synopsis
Treatment
Analyzing a script
Conclusion
2. Preproduction—Concepts, Ideas, and Research
Concepts and ideas
The significance of ideas
Investing in ideas
Starting points
Developing a conceptual framework
The studio environment
Capturing ideas
Drawing and visualizing tools
The animator’s toolkit
Idea development
Flipbooks to test ideas
Evaluating ideas
Pitching concepts
Research
What is research?
Collecting accurate reference material
Identifying and formulating a research methodology
A sample research methodology
Collecting and appropriating research
Reviewing the research
Conclusion
3. Preproduction—Development
Animation pipeline
Storyboarding
Storyboarding: from single to serial imagery
The art of storyboarding
Masters of their art
The development of visual narrative in animation
Creating a storyboard with a visual narrative
Style guides
Layouts and scenes
Planning and formulation
Types of camera shots
Development drawings
Imagination and observation
Fundamental aspects of composition, placement, and emphasis
Character design
The bones of character design
The art of character design
The role and function of character
Developing characteristics
Narrative construction
Conclusion
4. Preproduction—Sound
Animation pipeline
Understanding sound
The anatomy of sound
The principles of sound
The importance and use of sound
Audience perception of sound
Sonic interpretations of space and time
The grammar of sound
Stems of sound
Dialogue and narration
Troubleshooting voice recordings
Music
Sound effects
The working sound studio
Collecting and processing data
Mixing desks
Conclusion
5. Production
The animation pipeline in production
Introduction to basic techniques
Simple motion devices
Cel animation and traditional 2D processes
Drawn cel animation
Rotoscoping
2D computer-generated images
Stop-motion animation
2D stop motion
3D stop motion
Sets and lighting
Checking the filming of stop-motion animation
3D computer-generated Images
Designing and modeling
Rigs and texturing
Animating and lighting
Visual special effects, rendering, and compositing
Unorthodox animation
Pixilation
Brick animation
Auteur or artistic processes
Performance animation and live-action hybrids
Installations
Machinema
Augmented reality
Sound in production
Conclusion
6. Postproduction
The animation pipeline in postproduction
Preparing the production
Managing postproduction
Visuals
Non-linear editing
Synchronicity
Color correction
Understanding color
Titling and credits
Sound in postproduction
Producing a soundtrack
Digital mastering
Formatting
Release and distribution
Video and digital video formats
Marketing and publicity
Film festivals
Conclusion
7. Animated Futures
Education, knowledge, and understanding
Skills for future employment
Skills and attributes
Understanding and evaluating yourself
Answering your critics
What are employers looking for?
Skills
Promotion
The portfolio
The showreel
Print-based promotion
Websites
Website checklist
Social media platforms
Gaining experience
Opportunities, applications, and interviews
Job advertisements and opportunities
The application form
The cover letter
The résumé
The interview
Representation
Making it!
Conclusion
••• Glossary
Further reading
Resources
Index
Picture credits
Acknowledgments
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Copyright
Animation
Andrew Selby
Laurence King Publishing
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