SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA CLUSTER
The Sub-Saharan Africa Cluster in the GLOBE Research Program consisted of Namibia, Nigeria, South Africa (Black sample), Zambia, and Zimbabwe. Some characteristics of this cluster are included in the chapter of South Africa which provides also some information on the black population of South Africa.
The only societal culture dimension on which the Sub-Saharan Africa cluster was amongst the high scores is Humane Orientation. Its scores on all the remaining eight dimensions of societal culture viz. Assertiveness, Future Orientation, Gender Egalitarianism, In-Group Collectivism, Institutional Collectivism, Performance Orientation, Power Distance, and Uncertainty Avoidance were in the mid range. It was not in the low score range in any of the societal culture dimensions.
The Sub-Saharan Africa cluster viewed Charismatic/Value Based, Team Orientated, and Participative leadership as positive contributors to outstanding leadership. Humane Oriented leadership is also seen as a high contributor to outstanding leadership. Autonomous leadership and Self Protective leadership were seen as slightly impeding affective leadership.
Countries in this cluster share a common heritage of colonization and suppression through slavery. This common experience has resulted in a deep sense of sharing the common faith of suffering and the region is therefore characterized by norms of reciprocity, suppression of self-interest, the virtue of symbiosis and human interdependence (Mangaliso, 2001).
REFERENCES
House, R. J., Hanges, P. J., Javidan, M., Dorfman, P. W., Gupta, V., & GLOBE Associates (2004). Culture, leadership, and organizations: The GLOBE study of 62 societies. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, Inc.
Mangaliso, M. P. (2001). Building competitive advantage from Ubuntu: Management lessons from South Africa. Academy of Management Executive, 15(3), 23–33.