Source: National Bureau of Standards, Circular 500.
A.2-2. Vapor Pressure of Water
Temperature
Vapor Pressure
Temperature
Vapor Pressure
K
°C
Kpa
mm Hg
K
°C
kPa
mm Hg
273.15
0
0.611
4.58
323.15
50
12.333
92.51
283.15
10
1.228
9.21
333.15
60
19.92
149.4
293.15
20
2.338
17.54
343.15
70
31.16
233.7
298.15
25
3.168
23.76
353.15
80
47.34
355.1
303.15
30
4.242
31.82
363.15
90
70.10
525.8
313.15
40
7.375
55.32
373.15
100
101.325
760.0
Source: Physikalish-technishe, Reichsansalt, Holborn, Scheel, and Henning, Warmetabellen. Brunswick, Germany: Friedrich Viewig and Son, 1909.
A.2-3. Density of Liquid Water
Temperature
Density
Temperature
Density
K
°C
g/cm3
kg/m3
K
°C
g/cm3
kg/m3
273.15
0
0.99987
999.87
323.15
50
0.98807
988.07
277.15
4
1.00000
1000.00
333.15
60
0.98324
983.24
283.15
10
0.99973
999.73
343.15
70
0.97781
977.81
293.15
20
0.99823
998.23
353.15
80
0.97183
971.83
298.15
25
0.99708
997.08
363.15
90
0.96534
965.34
303.15
30
0.99568
995.68
373.15
100
0.95838
958.38
313.15
40
0.99225
992.25
Source: R. H. Perry and C. H. Chilton, Chemical Engineers' Handbook, 5th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1973. With permission.
A.2-4. Viscosity of Liquid Water
Temperature
Viscosity [(Pa · s)103, (kg/m · s) 103, or cp]
Temperature
Viscosity, [(Pa · s)103, (kg/m · s) 103, or cp]
K
°C
K
°C
273.15
0
1.7921
323.15
50
0.5494
275.15
2
1.6728
325.15
52
0.5315
277.15
4
1.5674
327.15
54
0.5146
279.15
6
1.4728
329.15
56
0.4985
281.15
8
1.3860
331.15
58
0.4832
283.15
10
1.3077
333.15
60
0.4688
285.15
12
1.2363
335.15
62
0.4550
287.15
14
1.1709
337.15
64
0.4418
289.15
16
1.1111
339.15
66
0.4293
291.15
18
1.0559
341.15
68
0.4174
293.15
20
1.0050
343.15
70
0.4061
293.35
20.2
1.0000
345.15
72
0.3952
295.15
22
0.9579
347.15
74
0.3849
297.15
24
0.9142
349.15
76
0.3750
298.15
25
0.8937
351.15
78
0.3655
299.15
26
0.8737
353.15
80
0.3565
301.15
28
0.8360
355.15
82
0.3478
303.15
30
0.8007
357.15
84
0.3395
305.15
32
0.7679
359.15
86
0.3315
307.15
34
0.7371
361.15
88
0.3239
309.15
36
0.7085
363.15
90
0.3165
311.15
38
0.6814
365.15
92
0.3095
313.15
40
0.6560
367.15
94
0.3027
315.15
42
0.6321
369.15
96
0.2962
317.15
44
0.6097
371.15
98
0.2899
319.15
46
0.5883
373.15
100
0.2838
321.15
48
0.5683
Source: Bingham, Fluidity and Plasticity. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1922. With permission.
A.2-5. Heat Capacity of Liquid Water at 101.325 kPa (1 Atm)
Temperature
Heat Capacity, cp
Temperature
Heat Capacity, cp
°C
K
cal/g · °C
kJ/kg · K
°C
K
cal/g · °C
kJ/kg · K
0
273.15
1.0080
4.220
50
323.15
0.9992
4.183
10
283.15
1.0019
4.195
60
333.15
1.0001
4.187
20
293.15
0.9995
4.185
70
343.15
1.0013
4.192
25
298.15
0.9989
4.182
80
353.15
1.0029
4.199
30
303.15
0.9987
4.181
90
363.15
1.0050
4.208
40
313.15
0.9987
4.181
100
373.15
1.0076
4.219
Source: N. S. Osborne, H. F. Stimson, and D. C. Ginnings, Bur. Standards J. Res., 23, 197 (1939).
A.2-6. Thermal Conductivity of Liquid Water
Temperature
Thermal Conductivity
°C
°F
K
btu/h · ft · °F
W/m · K
0
32
273.15
0.329
0.569
37.8
100
311.0
0.363
0.628
93.3
200
366.5
0.393
0.680
148.9
300
422.1
0.395
0.684
215.6
420
588.8
0.376
0.651
326.7
620
599.9
0.275
0.476
Source: D. L. Timrot and N. B. Vargaftik, J. Tech. Phys. (U.S.S.R.), 10, 1063 (1940); 6th International Conference on the Properties of Steam, Paris, 1964.
A.2-7. Vapor Pressure of Saturated Ice–Water Vapor and Heat of Sublimation
Temperature
Vapor Pressure
Heat of Sublimation
K
°F
°C
kPa
Psia
mm Hg
btu/lbm
kJ/kg
273.2
32
0
6.107 × 10−1
8.858 × 10−2
4.581
1218.6
2834.5
266.5
20
−6.7
3.478 × 10−1
5.045 × 10−2
2.609
1219.3
2836.1
261.0
10
−12.2
2.128 × 10−1
3.087 × 10−2
1.596
1219.7
2837.0
255.4
0
−17.8
1.275 × 10−1
1.849 × 10−2
0.9562
1220.1
2838.0
249.9
−10
−23.3
7.411 × 10−2
1.082 × 10−2
0.5596
1220.3
2838.4
244.3
−20
−28.9
3.820 × 10−2
6.181 × 10−3
0.3197
1220.5
2838.9
238.8
−30
−34.4
2.372 × 10−2
3.440 × 10−3
0.1779
1220.5
2838.9
233.2
−40
−40.0
1.283 × 10−2
1.861 × 10−3
0.09624
1220.5
2838.9
Source: ASHRAE, Handbook of Fundamentals. New York: ASHRAE, 1972.
A.2-8. Heat Capacity of Ice
Temperature
cp
Temperature
cp
°F
K
btu/lbm · °F
kJ/kg · K
°F
K
btu/lbm · °F
kJ/kg · K
32
273.15
0.500
2.093
−10
249.85
0.461
1.930
20
266.45
0.490
2.052
−20
244.25
0.452
1.892
10
260.95
0.481
2.014
−30
238.75
0.442
1.850
0
255.35
0.472
1.976
−40
233.15
0.433
1.813
Source: Adapted from ASHRAE, Handbook of Fundamentals. New York: ASHRAE, 1972.
A.2-9. Properties of Saturated Steam and Water (Steam Table), SI Units
Temperature (°C)
Vapor Pressure (kPa)
Specific Volume (m3/kg)
Enthalpy (kJ/kg)
Entropy (kJ/kg · K)
Liquid
Sat'd Vapor
Liquid
Sat'd Vapor
Liquid
Sat'd Vapor
0.01
0.6113
0.0010002
206.136
0.00
2501.4
0.0000
9.1562
3
0.7577
0.0010001
168.132
12.57
2506.9
0.0457
9.0773
6
0.9349
0.0010001
137.734
25.20
2512.4
0.0912
9.0003
9
1.1477
0.0010003
113.386
37.80
2517.9
0.1362
8.9253
12
1.4022
0.0010005
93.784
50.41
2523.4
0.1806
8.8524
15
1.7051
0.0010009
77.926
62.99
2528.9
0.2245
8.7814
18
2.0640
0.0010014
65.038
75.58
2534.4
0.2679
8.7123
21
2.487
0.0010020
54.514
88.14
2539.9
0.3109
8.6450
24
2.985
0.0010027
45.883
100.70
2545.4
0.3534
8.5794
25
3.169
0.0010029
43.360
104.89
2547.2
0.3674
8.5580
27
3.567
0.0010035
38.774
113.25
2550.8
0.3954
8.5156
30
4.246
0.0010043
32.894
125.79
2556.3
0.4369
8.4533
33
5.034
0.0010053
28.011
138.33
2561.7
0.4781
8.3927
36
5.947
0.0010063
23.940
150.86
2567.1
0.5188
8.3336
40
7.384
0.0010078
19.523
167.57
2574.3
0.5725
8.2570
45
9.593
0.0010099
15.258
188.45
2583.2
0.6387
8.1648
50
12.349
0.0010121
12.032
209.33
2592.1
0.7038
8.0763
55
15.758
0.0010146
9.568
230.23
2600.9
0.7679
7.9913
60
19.940
0.0010172
7.671
251.13
2609.6
0.8312
7.9096
65
25.03
0.0010199
6.197
272.06
2618.3
0.8935
7.8310
70
31.19
0.0010228
5.042
292.98
2626.8
0.9549
7.7553
75
38.58
0.0010259
4.131
313.93
2635.3
1.0155
7.6824
80
47.39
0.0010291
3.407
334.91
2643.7
1.0753
7.6122
85
57.83
0.0010325
2.828
355.90
2651.9
1.1343
7.5445
90
70.14
0.0010360
2.361
376.92
2660.1
1.1925
7.4791
95
84.55
0.0010397
1.9819
397.96
2668.1
1.2500
7.4159
100
101.35
0.0010435
1.6729
419.04
2676.1
1.3069
7.3549
105
120.82
0.0010475
1.4194
440.15
2683.8
1.3630
7.2958
110
143.27
0.0010516
1.2102
461.30
2691.5
1.4185
7.2387
115
169.06
0.0010559
1.0366
482.48
2699.0
1.4734
7.1833
120
198.53
0.0010603
0.8919
503.71
2706.3
1.5276
7.1296
125
232.1
0.0010649
0.7706
524.99
2713.5
1.5813
7.0775
130
270.1
0.0010697
0.6685
546.31
2720.5
1.6344
7.0269
135
313.0
0.0010746
0.5822
567.69
2727.3
1.6870
6.9777
140
316.3
0.0010797
0.5089
589.13
2733.9
1.7391
6.9299
145
415.4
0.0010850
0.4463
610.63
2740.3
1.7907
6.8833
150
475.8
0.0010905
0.3928
632.20
2746.5
1.8418
6.8379
155
543.1
0.0010961
0.3468
653.84
2752.4
1.8925
6.7935
160
617.8
0.0011020
0.3071
675.55
2758.1
1.9427
6.7502
165
700.5
0.0011080
0.2727
697.34
2763.5
1.9925
6.7078
170
791.7
0.0011143
0.2428
719.21
2768.7
2.0419
6.6663
175
892.0
0.0011207
0.2168
741.17
2773.6
2.0909
6.6256
180
1002.1
0.0011274
0.19405
763.22
2778.2
2.1396
6.5857
190
1254.4
0.0011414
0.15654
807.62
2786.4
2.2359
6.5079
200
1553.8
0.0011565
0.12736
852.45
2793.2
2.3309
6.4323
225
2548
0.0011992
0.07849
966.78
2803.3
2.5639
6.2503
250
3973
0.0012512
0.05013
1085.36
2801.5
2.7927
6.0730
275
5942
0.0013168
0.03279
1210.07
2785.0
3.0208
5.8938
300
8581
0.0010436
0.02167
1344.0
2749.0
3.2534
5.7045
Source: Abridged from J. H. Keenan, F. G. Keyes, P. G. Hill, and J. G. Moore, Steam Tables—Metric Units. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1969. Reprinted by permission of John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
A.2-9. Properties of Saturated Steam and Water (Steam Table), English Units
Temperature (°F)
Vapor Pressure (psia)
Specific Volume (ft3/lbm)
Enthalpy (btu/lbm)
Entropy (btu/lbm · °F)
Liquid
Sat'd Vapor
Liquid
Sat'd Vapor
Liquid
Sat'd Vapor
32.02
0.08866
0.016022
3302
0.00
1075.4
0.000
2.1869
35
0.09992
0.016021
2948
3.00
1076.7
0.00607
2.1764
40
0.12166
0.016020
2445
8.02
1078.9
0.01617
2.1592
45
0.14748
0.016021
2037
13.04
1081.1
0.02618
2.1423
50
0.17803
0.016024
1704.2
18.06
1083.3
0.03607
2.1259
55
0.2140
0.016029
1431.4
23.07
1085.5
0.04586
2.1099
60
0.2563
0.016035
1206.9
28.08
1087.7
0.05555
2.0943
65
0.3057
0.016042
1021.5
33.09
1089.9
0.06514
2.0791
70
0.3622
0.016051
867.7
38.09
1092.0
0.07463
2.0642
75
0.4300
0.016061
739.7
43.09
1094.2
0.08402
2.0497
80
0.5073
0.016073
632.8
48.09
1096.4
0.09332
2.0356
85
0.5964
0.016085
543.1
53.08
1098.6
0.10252
2.0218
90
0.6988
0.016099
467.7
58.07
1100.7
0.11165
2.0083
95
0.8162
0.016114
404.0
63.06
1102.9
0.12068
1.9951
100
0.9503
0.016130
350.0
68.05
1105.0
0.12963
1.9822
110
1.2763
0.016166
265.1
78.02
1109.3
0.14730
1.9574
120
1.6945
0.016205
203.0
88.00
1113.5
0.16465
1.9336
130
2.225
0.016247
157.17
97.98
1117.8
0.18172
1.9109
140
2.892
0.016293
122.88
107.96
1121.9
0.19851
1.8892
150
3.722
0.016343
96.99
117.96
1126.1
0.21503
1.8684
160
4.745
0.016395
77.23
127.96
1130.1
0.23130
1.8484
170
5.996
0.016450
62.02
137.97
1134.2
0.24732
1.8293
180
7.515
0.016509
50.20
147.99
1138.2
0.26311
1.8109
190
9.343
0.016570
40.95
158.03
1142.1
0.27866
1.7932
200
11.529
0.016634
33.63
168.07
1145.9
0.29400
1.7762
210
14.125
0.016702
27.82
178.14
1149.7
0.30913
1.7599
212
14.698
0.016716
26.80
180.16
1150.5
0.31213
1.7567
220
17.188
0.016772
23.15
188.22
1153.5
0.32406
1.7441
230
20.78
0.016845
19.386
198.32
1157.1
0.33880
1.7289
240
24.97
0.016922
16.327
208.44
1160.7
0.35335
1.7143
250
29.82
0.017001
13.826
218.59
1164.2
0.36772
1.7001
260
35.42
0.017084
11.768
228.76
1167.6
0.38193
1.6864
270
41.85
0.017170
10.066
238.95
1170.9
0.39597
1.6731
280
49.18
0.017259
8.650
249.18
1174.1
0.40986
1.6602
290
57.33
0.017352
7.467
259.44
1177.2
0.42360
1.6477
300
66.98
0.017448
6.472
269.73
1180.2
0.43720
1.6356
310
77.64
0.017548
5.632
280.06
1183.0
0.45067
1.6238
320
89.60
0.017652
4.919
290.43
1185.8
0.46400
1.6123
330
103.00
0.017760
4.312
300.84
1188.4
0.47722
1.6010
340
117.93
0.017872
3.792
311.30
1190.8
0.49031
1.5901
350
134.53
0.017988
3.346
321.80
1193.1
0.50329
1.5793
360
152.92
0.018108
2.961
332.35
1195.2
0.51617
1.5688
370
173.23
0.018233
2.628
342.96
1197.2
0.52894
1.5585
380
195.60
0.018363
2.339
353.62
1199.0
0.54163
1.5483
390
220.2
0.018498
2.087
364.34
1200.6
0.55422
1.5383
400
247.1
0.018638
1.8661
375.12
1202.0
0.56672
1.5284
410
276.5
0.018784
1.6726
385.97
1203.1
0.57916
1.5187
450
422.1
0.019433
1.1011
430.2
1205.6
0.6282
1.4806
Source: Abridged from J. H. Keenan, F. G. Keyes, P. G. Hill, and J. G. Moore, Steam Tables—English Units. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1969. Reprinted by permission of John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
A.2-10. Properties of Superheated Steam (Steam Table), SI Units (ν, specific volume, m3/kg; H, enthalpy, kJ/kg; s, entropy, kJ/kg · K)
Absolute Pressure, kPa (Sat. Temp.,°C)
Temperature (°C)
100
150
200
250
300
360
420
500
ν
17.196
19.512
21.825
24.136
26.445
29.216
31.986
35.679
10
H
2687.5
2783.0
2879.5
2977.3
3076.5
3197.6
3320.9
3489.1
(45.81)
s
8.4479
8.6882
8.9038
9.1002
9.2813
9.4821
9.6682
9.8978
ν
3.418
3.889
4.356
4.820
5.284
5.839
6.394
7.134
50
H
2682.5
2780.1
2877.7
2976.0
3075.5
3196.8
3320.4
3488.7
(81.33)
s
7.6947
7.9401
8.1580
8.3556
8.5373
8.7385
8.9249
9.1546
ν
2.270
2.587
2.900
3.211
3.520
3.891
4.262
4.755
75
H
2679.4
2778.2
2876.5
2975.2
3074.9
3196.4
3320.0
3488.4
(91.78)
s
7.5009
7.7496
7.9690
8.1673
8.3493
8.5508
8.7374
8.9672
ν
1.6958
1.9364
2.172
2.406
2.639
2.917
3.195
3.565
100
H
2672.2
2776.4
2875.3
2974.3
3074.3
3195.9
3319.6
3488.1
(99.63)
s
7.3614
7.6134
7.8343
8.0333
8.2158
8.4175
8.6042
8.8342
ν
1.2853
1.4443
1.6012
1.7570
1.9432
2.129
2.376
150
H
2772.6
2872.9
2972.7
3073.1
3195.0
3318.9
3487.6
(111.37)
s
7.4193
7.6433
7.8438
8.0720
8.2293
8.4163
8.6466
ν
0.4708
0.5342
0.5951
0.6548
0.7257
0.7960
0.8893
400
H
2752.8
2860.5
2964.2
3066.8
3190.3
3315.3
3484.9
(143.63)
s
6.9299
7.1706
7.3789
7.5662
7.7712
7.9598
8.1913
ν
0.2999
0.3363
0.3714
0.4126
0.4533
0.5070
700
H
2844.8
2953.6
3059.1
3184.7
3310.9
3481.7
(164.97)
s
6.8865
7.1053
7.2979
7.5063
7.6968
7.9299
ν
0.2060
0.2327
0.2579
0.2873
0.3162
0.3541
1000
H
2827.9
2942.6
3051.2
3178.9
3306.5
3478.5
(179.91)
s
6.6940
6.9247
7.1229
7.3349
7.5275
7.7622
ν
0.13248
0.15195
0.16966
0.18988
0.2095
0.2352
1500
H
2796.8
2923.3
3037.6
3.1692
3299.1
3473.1
(198.32)
s
6.4546
6.7090
6.9179
7.1363
7.3323
7.5698
ν
0.11144
0.12547
0.14113
0.15616
0.17568
2000
H
2902.5
3023.5
3159.3
3291.6
3467.6
(212.42)
s
6.5453
6.7664
6.9917
7.1915
7.4317
ν
0.08700
0.09890
0.11186
0.12414
0.13998
2500
H
2880.1
3008.8
3149.1
3284.0
3462.1
(223.99)
s
6.4085
6.6438
6.8767
7.0803
7.3234
νx
0.07058
0.08114
0.09233
0.10279
0.11619
3000
H
2855.8
2993.5
3138.7
3276.3
3456.5
(233.90)
s
6.2872
6.5390
6.7801
6.9878
7.2338
Source: Abridged from J. H. Keenan, F. G. Keyes, P. G. Hill, and J. G. Moore, Steam Tables—Metric Units. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1969. Reprinted by permission of John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
A.2-10. Properties of Superheated Steam (Steam Table), English Units (ν, specific volume, ft3/lbm; H, enthalpy, btu/lbm; s, entropy, btu/lbm · °F)
Absolute Pressure, kPa (Sat. Temp., °F)
Temperature (°F)
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
ν
392.5
452.3
511.9
571.5
631.1
690.7
750.3
809.9
869.5
1.0
H
1150.1
1195.7
1241.8
1288.5
1336.1
1384.5
1433.7
1483.8
1534.8
(101.70)
s
2.0508
2.1150
2.1720
2.2235
2.2706
2.3142
2.3550
2.3932
2.4294
ν
78.15
90.24
102.24
114.20
126.15
138.08
150.01
161.94
173.86
5.0
H
1148.6
1194.8
1241.2
1288.2
1335.8
1384.3
1433.5
1483.7
1534.7
(162.21)
s
1.8715
1.9367
1.9941
2.0458
2.0930
2.1367
2.1775
2.2158
2.2520
ν
38.85
44.99
51.03
57.04
63.03
69.01
74.98
80.95
86.91
10.0
H
1146.6
1193.7
1240.5
1287.7
1335.5
1384.0
1433.3
1483.5
1534.6
(193.19)
s
1.7927
1.8592
1.9171
1.9690
2.0164
2.0601
2.1009
2.1393
2.1755
ν
30.52
34.67
38.77
42.86
46.93
51.00
55.07
59.13
14.696
H
1192.6
1239.9
1287.3
1335.2
1383.8
1433.1
1483.4
1534.5
(211.99)
s
1.8157
1.8741
1.9263
1.9737
2.0175
2.0584
2.0967
2.1330
ν
22.36
25.43
28.46
31.47
34.77
37.46
40.45
43.44
20.0
H
1191.5
1239.2
1286.8
1334.8
1383.5
1432.9
1483.2
1534.3
(227.96)
s
1.7805
1.8395
1.8919
1.9395
1.9834
2.0243
2.0627
2.0989
ν
7.260
8.353
9.399
10.425
11.440
12.448
13.452
14.454
60.0
H
1181.9
1233.5
1283.0
1332.1
1381.4
1431.2
1481.8
1533.2
(292.73)
s
1.6496
1.7134
1.7678
1.8165
1.8609
1.9022
1.9408
1.9773
ν
4.934
5.587
6.216
6.834
7.445
8.053
8.657
100.0
H
1227.5
1279.1
1329.3
1379.2
1429.6
1480.5
1532.1
(327.86)
s
1.6517
1.7085
1.7582
1.8033
1.8449
1.8838
1.9204
ν
3.221
3.679
4.111
4.531
4.944
5.353
5.759
150.0
H
1219.5
1274.1
1325.7
1376.6
1427.5
1478.8
1530.7
(358.48)
s
1.5997
1.6598
1.7110
1.7568
1.7989
1.8381
1.8750
ν
2.361
2.724
3.058
3.379
3.693
4.003
4.310
200.0
H
1210.8
1268.8
1322.1
1373.8
1425.3
1477.1
1529.3
(381.86)
s
1.5600
1.6239
1.6767
1.7234
1.7660
1.8055
1.8425
ν
2.150
2.426
2.688
2.943
3.193
3.440
250.0
H
1263.3
1318.3
1371.1
1423.2
1475.3
1527.9
(401.04)
s
1.5948
1.6494
1.6970
1.7401
1.7799
1.8172
ν
1.766
2.004
2.227
2.442
2.653
2.860
300.0
H
1257.5
1314.5
1368.3
1421.0
1473.6
1526.5
(417.43)
s
1.5701
1.6266
1.6751
1.7187
1.7589
1.7964
ν
1.2843
1.4760
1.6503
1.8163
1.9776
2.136
400
H
1245.2
1306.6
1362.5
1416.6
1470.1
1523.6
(444.70)
s
1.5282
1.5892
1.6397
1.6884
1.7252
1.7632
Source: Abridged from J. H. Keenan, F. G. Keyes, P. G. Hill, and J. G. Moore, Steam Tables—Metric Units. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1969. Reprinted by permission of John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
A.2-11. Heat-Transfer Properties of Liquid Water, SI Units
T (°C)
T (K)
ρ (kg/m3)
cp (kJ/kg · K)
μ ×103 (Pa · s, or kg/m · s)
k (W/m · K)
NPr
β × 104 (1/K)
(gβρ2/μ2) × 10−8 (1/K · m3)
0
273.2
999.6
4.229
1.786
0.5694
13.3
−0.630
15.6
288.8
998.0
4.187
1.131
0.5884
8.07
1.44
10.93
26.7
299.9
996.4
4.183
0.860
0.6109
5.89
2.34
30.70
37.8
311.0
994.7
4.183
0.682
0.6283
4.51
3.24
68.0
65.6
338.8
981.9
4.187
0.432
0.6629
2.72
5.04
256.2
93.3
366.5
962.7
4.229
0.3066
0.6802
1.91
6.66
642
121.1
394.3
943.5
4.271
0.2381
0.6836
1.49
8.46
1300
148.9
422.1
917.9
4.312
0.1935
0.6836
1.22
10.08
2231
204.4
477.6
858.6
4.522
0.1384
0.6611
0.950
14.04
5308
260.0
533.2
784.9
4.982
0.1042
0.6040
0.859
19.8
11 030
315.6
588.8
679.2
6.322
0.0862
0.5071
1.07
31.5
19 260
A.2-11. Heat-Transfer Properties of Liquid Water, English Units
T (°F)
NPr
β × 104 (1/°R)
(gβρ2/μ2) × 10−6 (1/°R · ft3)
32
62.4
1.01
1.20
0.329
13.3
−0.350
60
62.3
1.00
0.760
0.340
8.07
0.800
17.2
80
62.2
0.999
0.578
0.353
5.89
1.30
48.3
100
62.1
0.999
0.458
0.363
4.51
1.80
107
150
61.3
1.00
0.290
0.383
2.72
2.80
403
200
60.1
1.01
0.206
0.393
1.91
3.70
1010
250
58.9
1.02
0.160
0.395
1.49
4.70
2045
300
57.3
1.03
0.130
0.395
1.22
5.60
3510
400
53.6
1.08
0.0930
0.382
0.950
7.80
8350
500
49.0
1.19
0.0700
0.349
0.859
11.0
17 350
600
42.4
1.51
0.0579
0.293
1.07
17.5
30 300
A.2-12. Heat-Transfer Properties of Water Vapor (Steam) at 101.32 kPa (1 Atm Abs), SI Units
T (°C)
T (K)
ρ (kg/m3)
cp (kJ/kg · K)
μ × 105 (Pa · s, or kg/m · s)
k (W/m · K)
NPr
β × 103 (1/K)
(gβρ2/μ2) (1/K · m3)
100.0
373.2
0.596
1.888
1.295
0.02510
0.96
2.68
0.557 × 108
148.9
422.1
0.525
1.909
1.488
0.02960
0.95
2.38
0.292 × 108
204.4
477.6
0.461
1.934
1.682
0.03462
0.94
2.09
0.154 × 108
260.0
533.2
0.413
1.968
1.883
0.03946
0.94
1.87
0.0883 × 108
315.6
588.8
0.373
1.997
2.113
0.04448
0.94
1.70
52.1 × 105
371.1
644.3
0.341
2.030
2.314
0.04985
0.93
1.55
33.1 × 105
426.7
699.9
0.314
2.068
2.529
0.05556
0.92
1.43
21.6 × 105
A.2-12. Heat-Transfer Properties of Water Vapor (Steam) at 101.32 kPa (1 Atm Abs), English Units
T (°F)
NPr
β × 103 (1/°R)
(gβρ2/μ2) (1/°R · ft3)
212
0.0372
0.451
0.870
0.0145
0.96
1.49
0.877 × 106
300
0.0328
0.456
1.000
0.0171
0.95
1.32
0.459 × 106
400
0.0288
0.462
1.130
0.0200
0.94
1.16
0.243 × 106
500
0.0258
0.470
1.265
0.0228
0.94
1.04
0.139 × 106
600
0.0233
0.477
1.420
0.0257
0.94
0.943
82 × 103
700
0.0213
0.485
1.555
0.0288
0.93
0.862
52.1 × 103
800
0.0196
0.494
1.700
0.0321
0.92
0.794
34.0 × 103
Source: D. L. Timrot and N. B. Vargaftik, J. Tech. Phys. (U.S.S.R.), 10, 1063 (1940); R. H. Perry and C. H. Chilton. Chemical Engineers' Handbook, 5th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1973; J. H. Keenan, F. G. Keyes, P. G. Hill, and J. G. Moore, Steam Tables. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1969; National Research Council, International Critical Tables. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1929; L. S. Marks, Mechanical Engineers' Handbook, 5th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1951.
