One of the most powerful methods you can use to make your subject stand out is to utilize depth of field. By using a large aperture, you create a very shallow depth of field, which puts the focus on your subject and blurs the background and foreground. A longer focal length lens will shrink the depth of field to a very narrow area. By choosing your aperture carefully, you can control the amount of background detail (Figure 8.1).
When you want your entire image to be in focus, use a smaller aperture to increase the depth of field (Figure 8.2).
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