3.10 Notes and Further Reading

Layout-based syntactic grouping (i.e., indentation) originated in the experimental, and highly influential, family of languages ISWIM, described in Landin (1966).

We refer readers to Kernighan and Pike (1984, Chapter 8) and Niemann (n.d.) for discussion of automatically generating scanners and (shift-reduce, bottom-up parsers) parsers using lex and yacc, respectively, by defining specifications of the tokens and the grammar that defines the language of which parsed sentences are members. The classic text on Lex and Yacc by Levine, Mason, and Brown (1995) has been updated and titled Flex and Bison (Levine 2009). For an introduction to ANTLR, we refer readers to Parr (2012).