Listing A-1. Bytcode Grammar

terminal ROOT, MAGICNUM, MAJORVER, MINORVER, CPCOUNT, CONSTPOOL, CPTAG;
terminal CPINDEX, TYPETAG, ACCFLAGS, XROOT, XMAGICNUM, XMAJORVER;
terminal XMINORVER, XCPCOUNT, XCONSTPOOL, XCPTAG, XCPINDEX, XTYPETAG;
terminal XACCFLAGS, NAMEINDEX, DESCINDEX, VALTAG, THISCL, SUPERCL, INTCNT;
terminal INTERFACES, FIELDCNT, FIELDS, FIELD, XNAMEINDEX, XDESCINDEX;
terminal XVALTAG, XTHISCL, XSUPERCL, XINTCNT, XINTERFACES, XFIELDCNT;
terminal XFIELDS, XFIELD, METHCNT, METHODS, METHOD, ATTCNT, ATTRIBS, ATTRIB;
terminal ATTTYPE, ATTTYPEINDEX, ATTLENGTH, MAXSTACK, MINSTACK;
terminal XMETHCNT, XMETHODS, XMETHOD, XATTCNT, XATTRIBS, XATTRIB;
terminal XATTTYPE, XATTTYPEINDEX, XATTLENGTH, XMAXSTACK, XMINSTACK;
terminal CODELEN, CODETAG, LINETAG, EXCLEN, EXCTABLE, CODEATTCNT;
terminal CODEATTNAME, CODEATTLEN, LNTABLECNT, LINENUMTABLE;
terminal XCODELEN, XCODETAG, XLINETAG, XEXCLEN, XEXCTABLE, XCODEATTCNT;
terminal XCODEATTNAME, XCODEATTLEN, XLNTABLECNT, XLINENUMTABLE;
terminal LINENUM, LNMAP, STARTPC, ENDPC, HANDLER, CATCHTYPE, SRCFILE;
terminal CONSTIDX, XLINENUM, XLNMAP, XSTARTPC, XENDPC, XHANDLER;
terminal XCATCHTYPE, XSRCFILE, XCONSTIDX, ACCESS, PROPERTY, CONSTNAME;
terminal CONSTANT, DECIMALPT, COMMA, CHARRAY, INTEGER, FLOAT, LONG;
terminal DOUBLE, STRING, CLASSREF, FIELDREF, METHODREF, INTERFACEREF;
terminal NAMEANDTYPE, NEGATIVE, HEXNUM, NUMBER, TYPE, ATTRIBNAME;
terminal NOP, CONST, BIPUSH, LDC, LOAD, STORE, POP, POP2, DUP, DUPX, NEW;
terminal ASTORE, ALOAD, NEWARRAY, ARRAYLENGTH;
terminal SWAP, NEG, ADD, SUB, MUL, DIV, REM, SHL, SHR, AND, OR, XOR, IINC;
terminal I2L, CMP, IF, IF_ICMP, GOTO, JSR, RET, RETURN;
terminal TABLESWITCH, LOOKUPSWITCH, GETSTATIC, GETFIELD, PUTSTATIC;
terminal PUTFIELD, INVOKE, ATHROW, CHECKCAST, INSTANCEOF;
terminal MONITORENTER, MONITOREXIT, WIDE, MULTIANEWARRAY, M1, NULL;
 
non terminal startfile, file, constantpool, constantelement, classname;
non terminal interfaces, fields, field, methods, method, attribs, attrib;
non terminal definitionparts, stmts, expr_part, other, property;
non terminal properties, number, type, access, return, invoke, load;
non terminal bipush, iinc, const, stackops, cmp, if_icmp, if, store, goto, arith;
non terminal conv, object, arrayops, astore, aload, newarray, codeattribs;
non terminal endcodeattribs, linenumtable, linenummapping, exceptiontable;
 
start with file;
 
startfile ::= number DECIMALPT number ROOT MAGICNUM HEXNUM XMAGICNUM
MINORVER number XMINORVER MAJORVER number XMAJORVER
              ;
 
file ::= startfile CPCOUNT number XCPCOUNT CONSTPOOL constantpool XCONSTPOOL
classname interfaces FIELDCNT number XFIELDCNT FIELDS XFIELDS METHCNT number
XMETHCNT METHODS methods XMETHODS ATTCNT number XATTCNT ATTRIBS attribs
XATTRIBS XROOT
     | startfile CPCOUNT number XCPCOUNT CONSTPOOL constantpool XCONSTPOOL
classname interfaces FIELDCNT number XFIELDCNT FIELDS XFIELDS METHCNT number
XMETHCNT METHODS methods XMETHODS ATTCNT number XATTCNT XROOT
     | startfile CPCOUNT number XCPCOUNT CONSTPOOL constantpool XCONSTPOOL
classname interfaces FIELDCNT number XFIELDCNT FIELDS fields XFIELDS METHCNT
number XMETHCNT METHODS methods XMETHODS ATTCNT number XATTCNT ATTRIBS
attribs XATTRIBS XROOT
     | startfile CPCOUNT number XCPCOUNT CONSTPOOL constantpool XCONSTPOOL
classname interfaces FIELDCNT number XFIELDCNT FIELDS fields XFIELDS METHCNT
number XMETHCNT METHODS methods XMETHODS ATTCNT number XATTCNT XROOT
     ;

attribs ::= attribs attrib
        | attrib
        ;

attrib ::= ATTRIB ATTTYPE ATTRIBNAME XATTTYPE ATTTYPEINDEX number
 XATTTYPEINDEX ATTLENGTH number XATTLENGTH SRCFILE number XSRCFILE
XATTRIB
       | ATTRIB ATTTYPE ATTRIBNAME XATTTYPE ATTTYPEINDEX number
XATTTYPEINDEX ATTLENGTH number XATTLENGTH CONSTIDX number XCONSTIDX
XATTRIB
       ;

 
constantpool ::=  constantpool CPTAG constantelement XCPTAG
             | CPTAG constantelement XCPTAG
             ;
 
constantelement ::=  CPINDEX number:n XCPINDEX TYPETAG CONSTANT CHARRAY:t
XTYPETAG VALTAG CONSTNAME:s XVALTAG
                |  CPINDEX number:n XCPINDEX TYPETAG CONSTANT INTEGER:t XTYPETAG VALTAG number:intVal XVALTAG
                |  CPINDEX number:n XCPINDEX TYPETAG CONSTANT INTEGER:t XTYPETAG VALTAG NEGATIVE number:intVal XVALTAG
                |  CPINDEX number:n XCPINDEX TYPETAG CONSTANT LONG:t XTYPETAG
 VALTAG number:longVal
                |  CPINDEX number:n XCPINDEX TYPETAG CONSTANT LONG:t XTYPETAG
 VALTAG NEGATIVE number:longVal XVALTAG
                |  CPINDEX number:n XCPINDEX TYPETAG CONSTANT FLOAT:t XTYPETAG
 VALTAG number:f1 DECIMALPT number:f2 XVALTAG
                |  CPINDEX number:n XCPINDEX TYPETAG CONSTANT FLOAT:t XTYPETAG
 VALTAG NEGATIVE number:f1 DECIMALPT number:f2 XVALTAG
                |  CPINDEX number:n XCPINDEX TYPETAG CONSTANT DOUBLE:t XTYPETAG
 VALTAG number:d1 DECIMALPT number:d2 XVALTAG
                |  CPINDEX number:n XCPINDEX TYPETAG CONSTANT DOUBLE:t XTYPETAG
 VALTAG NEGATIVE number:d1 DECIMALPT number:d2 XVALTAG
                |  CPINDEX number:n XCPINDEX TYPETAG CONSTANT STRING:t XTYPETAG
 VALTAG number:index XVALTAG
                |  CPINDEX number:n XCPINDEX TYPETAG CONSTANT CLASSREF:t XTYPETAG VALTAG number:index XVALTAG
                |  CPINDEX number:n XCPINDEX TYPETAG CONSTANT FIELDREF:t XTYPETAG VALTAG number:classindex COMMA number:NaTindex XVALTAG
                |  CPINDEX number:n XCPINDEX TYPETAG CONSTANT METHODREF:t
 XTYPETAG VALTAG number:classindex COMMA number:NaTindex XVALTAG
                |  CPINDEX number:n XCPINDEX TYPETAG CONSTANT INTERFACEREF:t
 XTYPETAG VALTAG number:classindex COMMA number:NaTindex XVALTAG
                |  CPINDEX number:n XCPINDEX TYPETAG CONSTANT NAMEANDTYPE:t
 XTYPETAG VALTAG number:nameindex COMMA number:typeindex XVALTAG
                | error
                ;
 
classname ::= ACCFLAGS access:a XACCFLAGS THISCL number:classnum XTHISCL
 SUPERCL number XSUPERCL
          ;

interfaces ::=  INTCNT number XINTCNT INTERFACES XINTERFACES
           ;
 
fields ::= fields FIELD field XFIELD | FIELD field XFIELD
       ;

field ::= ACCFLAGS access:a definitionparts:params ATTCNT number XATTCNT ATTRIBS
 XATTRIBS
      ;
 
methods ::= methods METHOD method XMETHOD | METHOD method XMETHOD
        ;

codeattribs ::= ATTCNT number XATTCNT ATTRIBS ATTRIB ATTTYPE ATTRIBNAME
 XATTTYPE ATTTYPEINDEX number XATTTYPEINDEX ATTLENGTH number
 XATTLENGTH MAXSTACK number XMAXSTACK MINSTACK number XMINSTACK
 CODELEN number XCODELEN CODETAG
            ;
 
endcodeattribs ::= XCODETAG EXCLEN number XEXCLEN EXCTABLE exceptiontable
 XEXCTABLE CODEATTCNT number XCODEATTCNT CODEATTNAME number
 XCODEATTNAME CODEATTLEN number XCODEATTLEN LNTABLECNT number
 XLNTABLECNT LINENUMTABLE linenumtable XLINENUMTABLE XATTRIB XATTRIBS
               ;
 
linenumtable ::= linenumtable LNMAP linenummapping XLNMAP | LNMAP linenummapping
 XLNMAP
             ;

linenummapping ::=
               | STARTPC number XSTARTPC LINENUM number XLINENUM
               ;
 
exceptiontable ::=
               | STARTPC number XSTARTPC ENDPC number XENDPC HANDLER number
 XHANDLER CATCHTYPE number XCATCHTYPE
               ;
 
method ::= ACCFLAGS access:a definitionparts:desc codeattribs stmts endcodeattribs
       ;

definitionparts ::= properties XACCFLAGS NAMEINDEX number:name XNAMEINDEX
 DESCINDEX number:params XDESCINDEX
                | XACCFLAGS NAMEINDEX number:name XNAMEINDEX DESCINDEX
 number:params XDESCINDEX
                ;

stmts ::= stmts LINETAG expr_part XLINETAG
      | LINETAG expr_part XLINETAG
      ;

expr_part ::= store
          | load
          | stackops
          | bipush
          | const
          | cmp
          | if_icmp
          | if
          | iinc
          | arith
          | conv
          | goto
          | number:l other
          | invoke
          | object
          | return
          | arrayops
          ;
 

return ::= number:l RETURN:c
       | number:l type:t RETURN:c
       ;

store ::= number:l type:t STORE:s number:n
      ;
 
load ::= number:l type:t LOAD:i number:n
     | number:l LDC:ld number:n
     ;
 
invoke ::= number:l INVOKE:s number:n
       ;

object ::= number:l NEW:s number:n
       | number:l PUTFIELD:s number:n
       | number:l PUTSTATIC:s number:n
       | number:l GETSTATIC:s number:n
       | number:l GETFIELD:s number:n
       ;

stackops ::= number:l DUP
         ;

bipush ::= number:l BIPUSH:p number:n
       ;
 
const ::= number:l type:t CONST:c number:n
      | number:l type:t CONST:c M1:m
      | number:l type:t CONST:c NULL:n
      ;

conv ::= number:l I2L:i type:t
     ;

arith ::= number:l type:t NEG:r
      | number:l type:t REM:r
      | number:l type:t ADD:m
      | number:l type:t SUB:m
      | number:l type:t MUL:m
      | number:l type:t DIV:m
      ;

iinc ::= number:l IINC:p number:n1 number:n2
     | number:l IINC:p number:n1 NEGATIVE number:n2
     ;
 
 
cmp ::= number:l type:t CMP:c
    ;
 
if_icmp ::= number:l IF_ICMP:c number:n
        ;

if ::= number:l IF:c number:n
   ;

goto ::= number:l GOTO:c number:n
     ;

arrayops ::= aload
         | astore
         | newarray
         ;
 
aload ::= number:l ALOAD:s
      ;

astore ::= number:l ASTORE:s
       ;

newarray ::= number:l NEWARRAY:s number:n
         | number:l type:t NEWARRAY:s number:n
         ;

number ::= NUMBER:n
       ;

access ::= | ACCESS:a
       ;

properties ::= properties property | property
           ;

property ::= PROPERTY:p
         ;

type ::= TYPE:t
     ;



other ::= NOP
      | POP
      | POP2
      | DUPX
      | SWAP
      | SHL
      | SHR
      | AND
      | OR
      | XOR
      | JSR
      | RET
      | TABLESWITCH
      | LOOKUPSWITCH
      | ATHROW
      | CHECKCAST
      | INSTANCEOF
      | MONITORENTER
      | MONITOREXIT
      | WIDE
      | MULTIANEWARRAY
      | ARRAYLENGTH
      ;