Introduction to 3D Printing 2nd Edition ix
viii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
FOREWORD: AN INTRODUCTION TO 3D PRINTING ................... XIV
A Very, Very Brief Intro to 3D Printing ...........................................................................xvi
How 3D Printers Work ...................................................................................................xvi
3D Printing Is Not Like 2D Printing ............................................................................. xviii
Managing Expectations as You Start Your Journey ......................................................xix
Don’t Worry! This Is Why We Updated this Book! .........................................................xix
What’s in This Book? .......................................................................................................xx
PART I: APPLICATIONS OF 3D PRINTING ............................................ 2
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................... 2
You Say You Want a Revolution? ...................................................................................... 3
A Manufacturing Full Circle ............................................................................................ 4
CHAPTER 2: 3D PRINTING AND THE MAKER MOVEMENT........................................... 6
Impact of the Maker Movement ...................................................................................... 7
Who Is a Maker? ............................................................................................................... 8
How the 3D Printing Ecosystem Helps You Be a Maker ................................................ 8
CHAPTER 3: HOW 3D PRINTING IS BEING USED TODAY.............................................16
Rapid Prototyping for Your Ideas, Designs, and Inventions ..........................................17
Forward-Thinking Companies Are Actively Bringing You 3D Printing ......................... 19
Don’t Worry, Complexity Won’t Cost You More ..............................................................19
3D Printing Is Advancing Health Care: Customized Medical Appliances ................... 25
3D Printing Has a Sole ................................................................................................... 26
You Can Go Big .............................................................................................................. 27
PART II: HARDWARE AND PRINTING CHOICES .............................32
CHAPTER 4: UNDERSTANDING FDM PRINTERS ....................................................... 32
Resolution Levels ........................................................................................................... 35
Frame/Chassis ............................................................................................................... 37
Build Plate .......................................................................................................................41
Ease of Calibration ......................................................................................................... 42
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Introduction to 3D Printing 2nd Edition ix
Linear Movement Controls ............................................................................................ 44
Bowden-Style Extruders (on Delta as well as Cartesian Printers) ............................. 46
Extruder ..... ................................................................................................................... ..47
Filament ..........................................................................................................................51
CHAPTER 5: TIPS FOR SUCCESS IN FDM PRINTING AND VISUAL
TROUBLESHOOTING GUIDE ..................................................................................... 56
Before You Start Printing ............................................................................................... 57
Build Plate Adhesion ...................................................................................................... 58
Homing and Leveling the Build Plate .............................................................................61
Slicer Programs ............................................................................................................. 64
Not All Slicers Are Created Equal ................................................................................. 65
FDM Visual Troubleshooting ..........................................................................................67
CHAPTER 6: UNDERSTANDING RESIN PRINTERS .................................................... 78
How It Works .................................................................................................................. 79
Cost of Materials ............................................................................................................ 82
Types of Resins............................................................................................................... 82
The Three Types of Resin Printers: Laser, DLP, and Masked SLA .............................. 83
Printer Profile: FormLabs Form 3 (Laser Technology) ............................................... 86
Software: Slicers for Resin Printing ............................................................................. 88
Support Structures for SLA Printing .............................................................................91
Resin Printers Conclusion ..............................................................................................91
CHAPTER 7: OUTSOURCING VERSUS BUYING YOUR OWN 3D PRINTER ....................94
The Benefits of Outsourcing Your Printing ................................................................... 95
Consumer 3D Printing Service Bureaus .......................................................................96
Business 3D Printing Service Bureaus ..........................................................................96
The Rise of Local Outsourcing ...................................................................................... 98
The Benefits of 3D Printing at Home ...........................................................................100
Variables Involved When 3D Printing at Home ............................................................ 101
Production Quantity: Low-Volume Manufacturing ......................................................103
FOREWORD: AN INTRODUCTION TO 3D PRINTING ................... XIV
A Very, Very Brief Intro to 3D Printing ...........................................................................xvi
How 3D Printers Work ...................................................................................................xvi
3D Printing Is Not Like 2D Printing ............................................................................. xviii
Managing Expectations as You Start Your Journey ......................................................xix
Don’t Worry! This Is Why We Updated this Book! .........................................................xix
What’s in This Book? .......................................................................................................xx
PART I: APPLICATIONS OF 3D PRINTING ............................................ 2
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................... 2
You Say You Want a Revolution? ...................................................................................... 3
A Manufacturing Full Circle ............................................................................................ 4
CHAPTER 2: 3D PRINTING AND THE MAKER MOVEMENT........................................... 6
Impact of the Maker Movement ...................................................................................... 7
Who Is a Maker? ............................................................................................................... 8
How the 3D Printing Ecosystem Helps You Be a Maker ................................................ 8
CHAPTER 3: HOW 3D PRINTING IS BEING USED TODAY.............................................16
Rapid Prototyping for Your Ideas, Designs, and Inventions ..........................................17
Forward-Thinking Companies Are Actively Bringing You 3D Printing ......................... 19
Don’t Worry, Complexity Won’t Cost You More ..............................................................19
3D Printing Is Advancing Health Care: Customized Medical Appliances ................... 25
3D Printing Has a Sole ................................................................................................... 26
You Can Go Big .............................................................................................................. 27
PART II: HARDWARE AND PRINTING CHOICES .............................32
CHAPTER 4: UNDERSTANDING FDM PRINTERS ....................................................... 32
Resolution Levels ........................................................................................................... 35
Frame/Chassis ............................................................................................................... 37
Build Plate .......................................................................................................................41
Ease of Calibration ......................................................................................................... 42
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Choosing the Right Quality Finish for Prints ...............................................................104
Evaluating for Special Mechanical Considerations .....................................................106
Conclusion .....................................................................................................................108
CHAPTER 8: OVERVIEW OF THE 3D PRINTING WORKFLOW .................................... 110
3D Files ..........................................................................................................................112
3D Models ...................................................................................................................... 112
How Do I Get from Idea to Object? ...............................................................................113
Details of the 3D Printing Workflow.............................................................................114
You Can Outsource Any Part of the 3D Printing Workflow ......................................... 117
CHAPTER 9: SETTING UP YOUR PERSONAL MAKERSPACE FOR 3D PRINTING .......120
Getting Ready ................................................................................................................124
Third-Party Resins...... .................................................................................................. 127
PART III: DIY TUTORIALS & CAD TROUBLESHOOTING ............ 134
CHAPTER 10: GETTING STARTED WITH TINKERCAD ..............................................134
Setting Up an Account...................................................................................................136
Before You Pick Up the Mouse .....................................................................................136
Creating Shapes in Tinkercad ......................................................................................137
Rotating an Object .........................................................................................................140
Changing the Shape ......................................................................................................140
Resizing the Red Box ....................................................................................................140
Grouping and Ungrouping
Shapes ...............................................................................141
Finishing Your New Creation in Tinkercad.................................................................. 144
What’s Next? .................................................................................................................146
CHAPTER 11: GETTING STARTED WITH MESHMIXER ..............................................150
Getting Started ..............................................................................................................152
Starting the Tutorial ......................................................................................................153
Sculpt with Digital Clay .................................................................................................154
Adding Support Structures ..........................................................................................156
Creating a Sphere .........................................................................................................160
Online Tutorials......... ....................................................................................................164
CHAPTER 12: GETTING STARTED WITH FUSION 360 ...............................................166
Polygonal Versus Parametric Modeling ......................................................................168
Getting Started with Fusion 360 ...................................................................................169
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Introduction to 3D Printing 2nd Edition xi
Choosing the Right Quality Finish for Prints ...............................................................104
Evaluating for Special Mechanical Considerations .....................................................106
Conclusion .....................................................................................................................108
CHAPTER 8: OVERVIEW OF THE 3D PRINTING WORKFLOW .................................... 110
3D Files ..........................................................................................................................112
3D Models ...................................................................................................................... 112
How Do I Get from Idea to Object? ...............................................................................113
Details of the 3D Printing Workflow.............................................................................114
You Can Outsource Any Part of the 3D Printing Workflow ......................................... 117
CHAPTER 9: SETTING UP YOUR PERSONAL MAKERSPACE FOR 3D PRINTING .......120
Getting Ready ................................................................................................................124
Third-Party Resins...... .................................................................................................. 127
PART III: DIY TUTORIALS & CAD TROUBLESHOOTING ............ 134
CHAPTER 10: GETTING STARTED WITH TINKERCAD ..............................................134
Setting Up an Account...................................................................................................136
Before You Pick Up the Mouse .....................................................................................136
Creating Shapes in Tinkercad ......................................................................................137
Rotating an Object .........................................................................................................140
Changing the Shape ......................................................................................................140
Resizing the Red Box ....................................................................................................140
Grouping and Ungrouping
Shapes ...............................................................................141
Finishing Your New Creation in Tinkercad.................................................................. 144
What’s Next? .................................................................................................................146
CHAPTER 11: GETTING STARTED WITH MESHMIXER ..............................................150
Getting Started ..............................................................................................................152
Starting the Tutorial ......................................................................................................153
Sculpt with Digital Clay .................................................................................................154
Adding Support Structures ..........................................................................................156
Creating a Sphere .........................................................................................................160
Online Tutorials......... ....................................................................................................164
CHAPTER 12: GETTING STARTED WITH FUSION 360 ...............................................166
Polygonal Versus Parametric Modeling ......................................................................168
Getting Started with Fusion 360 ...................................................................................169
Description of Interface Menu ......................................................................................170
Making a Ring in Fusion 360 ......................................................................................... 172
Adding an Embellishment to the Ring .........................................................................175
Adding to the Embellishment .......................................................................................177
Exporting Your Model for 3D Printing ..........................................................................180
CHAPTER 13: GETTING AND FIXING 3D MODELS ..................................................... 184
Downloading a 3D Model ..............................................................................................185
3D Model Licensing and Legalities ..............................................................................185
Creating 3D Models with Your Smartphone or Digital Camera..................................186
Photogrammetry of Organic Shapes ...........................................................................188
Examples of What You Can Create In Photogrammetry .............................................189
Understanding 3D Model File Formats and Units of Measure ................................... 191
STL Code .......................................................................................................................191
Creating 3D Models with Four-Sided Polygons and Three-Sided Polygons ..............192
Fixing a 3D Model for 3D Printing ................................................................................193
Using Meshmixer to Fix Your 3D Models .....................................................................195
PART IV: FROM IDEA - TO 3D PRINT - TO PRODUCT .................. 198
CHAPTER 14: HOW TO START OR ENHANCE A BUSINESS WITH 3D PRINTING ........ 198
Creating Prototypes To Test A Design, Show Potential Customers,
Attract Investors .......................................................................................................... 200
Starting a New Business Centered Around 3D Printing ............................................201
You Can Create 3D CAD Designs People Can Buy ..................................................... 202
You Can Offer 3D Printing as a Service ...................................................................... 202
You Can Create 3D Files as a Service ........................................................................ 203
Ways Existing Business Can Leverage 3D Printing .................................................. 205
General Advice ............................................................................................................ 208
CHAPTER 15: HOW TO MAKE A PROTOTYPE USING 3D PRINTING AND DIFFERENT
TYPES OF MANUFACTURING METHODS ..................................................................210
You Make a Prototype! ..................................................................................................211
The Prototyping Process ..............................................................................................212
Getting a Physical Prototype Made .............................................................................212
Prototyping with 3D Printing .......................................................................................213
Manufacturing Using 3D Printing .................................................................................214
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Examples of Traditional Manufacturing.......................................................................218
Examples of Traditional Low Volume Manufacturing ................................................ 220
Conclusion .................................................................................................................... 223
CHAPTER 16: HOW 3D PRINTING WILL CHANGE YOUR
(AND EVERYONE ELSE’S) LIFE ..................................................................................226
We Are All Makers, and Companies Will Foster That Even More ............................. 227
Providing On-Demand Access to Products ............................................................... 227
Organizations Will Use 3d Printing To Strengthen Their Connection With You ........ 228
Tailor Made for One ...................................................................................................... 229
3D Printed Educational Tools ...................................................................................... 229
Organizations Will Increase
Profitability and Be More Eco-
Friendly ........................ 230
Local Economies Will Benefit From the Commercial Use of 3D
Printing ................ 230
Medical Applications of 3D Printing ........................................................................... 231
3D Printing Future Trends and Predictions ............................................................... 233
Get Involved and Get Connected. You are Part of This Future! .................................. 235
The Best Is Yet to Come ............................................................................................... 237
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