This is a quick reference of all commands used in this book. Some of these commands need to be installed via the package manager to use them. You can use this list to refresh your memory, or use it to quiz a friend and test their knowledge of various CLI tools.
apt: Package manager for Ubuntu
awk: Pattern scanning and text processing language
bash: The Bash shell
bc: An arbitrary precision calculator language
bg: Background a job
bind: Define a keybinding in Bash
brew: Open-source macOS package manager
cat: Concatenate files and print on the standard output
cd: Change directory
chmod: Change file mode bits
chown: Change file owner
column: Columnate lists
cp: Copy files and directories
curl: Transfer a URL
cut: Remove sections from each line of files
date: Print or set the system date and time
df: Report file system disk space usage
dig: DNS lookup utility
direnv: Environment variable manager for your shell
dirs: Display the directory stack
du: Estimate file space usage
echo: Display a line of text
entr: Run arbitrary commands when files change
env: Run a program in a modified environment or display environment variables
exit: Cause normal process termination
export: Create an environment variable
fc: Fix a previous command by opening it in your visual editor
fg: Foreground a task
file: Determine file type
find: Search for files in a directory hierarchy
fzf: Command-line fuzzy finder
git: Distributed version control system
grep: Print lines matching a pattern
head: Output the first part of files
history: Show the command history
host: DNS lookup utility
htop: Interactive process viewer similar to top
http: HTTPie, a command-line tool similar to curl
ifconfig: View or configure a network interface
ip: Show/manipulate routing, network devices, interfaces, and tunnels
jobs: List current background jobs
jq: Command-line JSON processor
jrnl: Command-line journal written in Python
kill: Send a signal to a process
less: View file or text one page at a time
ln: Make links between files
ls: List directory contents
make: GNU make utility to maintain groups of programs
man: An interface to the online reference manuals
mkdir: Make directories
more: View file or text one page at a time
mv: Move or rename files
nano: A terminal-based text editor
nc: Netcat: Create arbitrary TCP and UDP connections
nohup: Run a command immune to hangups, with output to a non-tty
npx: Node.js utility used to download and run a Node.js-based executable program
pandoc: Library for converting from one markup format to another
pgrep: Look up or signal processes based on name and other attributes
ping: Send ICMP ECHO_REQUEST to network hosts
pkill: Look up or signal processes based on name and other attributes
popd: Remove a directory from the directory stack
printenv: Print all or part of the environment
ps: Report a snapshot of the current processes
pushd: Add a directory to the directory stack
pwd: Print name of current/working directory
pip3: A tool for installing and managing Python packages
pygmentize: Colorize source code
python3: Interpreter for version 3 of the Python programming language
ranger: Visual file manager
rm: Remove files or directories
screen: Screen manager with VT100/ANSI terminal emulation
script: Save a log of the terminal session
sed: Stream editor for filtering and transforming text
seq: Print a sequence of numbers
set: Set a shell variable
siege: An HTTP/FTP load tester and benchmarking utility
sleep: Delay for a specified amount of time
sort: Sort lines of text files
source: Load a shell configuration file
stat: Display file or file system status
sudo: Execute a command as another user
tail: Output the last part of files
time: Run programs and summarize system resource usage
top: Display Linux processes
touch: Change file timestamps
traceroute: Print the route packets trace to network host
tree: List contents of directories in a tree-like format.
unalias: Remove an alias
unset: Unset a variable
unzip: List, test, and extract compressed files in a ZIP archive
which: Locate a command on the PATH
while: Looping construct in Bash
whois: Look up domain name information
xargs: Build and execute commands from standard input
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