Since you've come here to learn more about a specific neural network architecture, we're going to assume you have a baseline understanding of current machine and deep learning techniques that revolve around neural networks. Neural networks have exploded in popularity since the advent of the deep neural network-style architectures. By utilizing many hidden layers and large sums of data, modern deep learning techniques are able to exceed human-level performance in a dizzying number of applications. How is this possible? Neural networks are now able to learn baseline features and relationships in similar ways to our brains. Along those same lines, researchers have been exploring new styles of mixing neural networks to replicate the thought process that our brains take automatically.