Arithmetic
Integer arithmetic is performed with the let and ((...)) commands. All of the operators from the C programming language (except ++, – –, and ?:) are supported by the Korn shell. The format for arithmetic constants is:
number
or
base#number
where base is a decimal number between 2 and 36 that specifies the arithmetic base. If not specified, the default is base 10. The arithmetic base can also be set with the typeset –i command.
Arithmetic Commands
| let "arithmetic-expression" ((arithmetic-expression)) | evaluate arithmetic expression |
| integer variable | declare an integer variable |
| integer variable=integer-value | declare an integer variable and set it to a value |
| integer variable="arithmetic-assignment-expression" | declare an integer variable and assign it the value of the arithmetic-assignment-expression |
| typeset –in variable[=value] | declare a base n integer variable, and optionally assign it a value |
Arithmetic Operators
| – | unary minus |
| ! | logical negation |
| ∼ | bitwise negation |
| *, /, % | multiplication, division, remainder (modulo) |
| +, – | addition, subtraction |
| <<, >> | left shift, right shift |
| <=, < | less than or equal to, less than |
| >=, > | greater than or equal to, greater than |
| ==, != | equal to, not equal to |
| & | bitwise AND |
| ^ | bitwise exclusive OR |
| | | bitwise OR |
| && | logical AND |
| || | logical OR |
| = | assignment |
| *=, /=, %= | multiply assign, divide assign, modulo assign |
| +=, –= | increment, decrement |
| <<=, >>= | left shift assign, right shift assign |
| &=, ^=, |= | bitwise AND assign, bitwise exclusive OR assign, bitwise OR assign |
| (...) | grouping (used to override precedence rules) |
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