|
: |
null command; returns zero exit status |
|
.
file |
read and execute commands in file |
|
break |
exit from current enclosing for, select, until, or while loop |
|
break
n |
exit from nth enclosing for, select, until, or while loop |
|
cd
dir |
change directory to dir(default $HOME) |
|
cd
dir1 dir2 |
change to directory where dir1 in current pathname is substituted with dir2 |
|
cd – |
change directory to previous directory |
|
echo
args |
display arguments |
|
eval
cmds |
read and execute commands |
|
exec
I/O-redirection-command |
perform I/O redirection on file descriptors |
|
exec
command |
replace current process with command |
|
exit |
exit from current program with exit status of the last command. If given at command prompt, terminate the login shell. |
|
exit
n |
exit from current program with exit status n |
|
export |
display list of exported variables |
|
export
var=val |
set var to value and export |
|
export
vars |
export vars |
|
false |
return non-zero exit status |
|
fc –l[options] [range] |
display range commands from history file according to options. If no range argument given, display last 16 commands.Options can be:
|
–n |
do not display command numbers | |
–r |
reverse order (latest commands first) | |
and range can be: | |
n1 [n2] |
display list from command n1 to command n2. If n2 not specified, display all commands from current command back to command n1. | |
–count |
display last count commands | |
string |
display all previous commands back to command that matches string |
|
|
fc [options] [range] |
edit and re-execute range commands from history file according to options. If no range argument given, edit and re-execute last command. Options can be:
|
–e
editor |
use specified editor (default FCEDIT or / bin/ed) | |
–r |
reverse order (latest commands first) | |
and range can be: | |
n1 n2 |
edit command n1 to command n2 | |
n |
edit command n | |
–n |
edit previous nth command | |
string |
use all the previous commands back to the command that matches string |
|
|
fc –e – [old=new] [command] |
edit and re-execute command where old=new specified to replace string old with new before executing. If no command argument is given, use last command. The command can be given as:
|
n |
edit and re-execute command number n | |
–n |
edit and re-execute last nth command | |
string |
edit and re-execute most previous command that matches string |
|
|
getopts
optsring name arguments |
parse arguments, using optstring as list of valid options; save option letter in name |
|
getopts
optsring name |
parse positional parameters, using optstring as list of valid options; save option letter in name |
|
newgrp |
change group-id to default group-id |
|
newgrp
gid |
change group id to gid |
|
pwd |
display pathname of current directory |
|
readonly |
display a list of readonly variables |
|
readonly
var |
set var to be readonly |
|
readonly
var=value |
set var to value and make it readonly |
|
set |
display list of current variables and their values |
|
set –o |
display current option settings |
|
set
args |
set positional parameters |
|
set –args |
set positional parameters that begin with – |
|
set –s |
sort positional parameters |
|
set – – |
unset positional parameters |
|
shift |
shift positional parameters once left |
|
shift
n |
shift positional parameters n times left |
|
test
expression |
evaluate expression |
|
time
command |
display elapsed, user, and system time spent executing command |
|
times |
display total user and system time for current Korn shell and its child processes |
|
trap
commands signals |
execute commands when signals are received |
|
trap "" signals |
ignore signals |
|
trap
signals, trap –signals |
reset traps to their default values |
|
trap
commands
0, trap
commands
EXIT |
execute commands on exit |
|
trap |
display a list of current traps |
|
trap
commands
DEBUG |
execute commands after each command is executed |
|
trap
commands
ERR |
if errexit (–e) option enabled, execute commands after commands that have a non-zero exit status |
|
true |
return a non-zero exit status |
|
typeset |
display a list of current variables and their values |
|
ulimit [options] n |
set a resource limit to n. If n is not given, the specified resource limit is displayed. If no option given, file size limit (–f) is displayed.
|
–a |
displays all current resource limits | |
–c
n |
set core dump size limit to n 512-byte blocks | |
–d
n |
set data area size limit to n kilobytes | |
–f
n |
set child process file write limit to n 512-byte blocks (default) | |
–m
n |
set physical memory size limit to n kilobytes | |
–s
n |
set stack area size limit to n kilobytes | |
–t
n |
set process time limit to n seconds |
|
|
umask |
display current file creation mask value |
|
umask
mask |
set default file creation mask to mask |
|
unset
var |
remove definition of var |
|
whence
name |
display information about name |
|
whence –v
name |
display more information about name |
