In this chapter, you learned how tabular data is represented in R. We covered many of the basic (such as subsetting and calculating new columns) and more advanced (such as reshaping and joining) techniques related to tables. We also met several operators used to control code execution, specifically to condition code execution or induce repeated code execution.

In the remaining chapters of this book, we are going to focus on working with spatial data in R. However, we shall utilize the methods presented in this chapter regarding the data.frame class, the flow control functions and the apply functions, quite frequently.