Part I: Overview Health and Aging
Chapter 1. Impact of Nutrition on Healthy Aging
The Role of SCFAs in Health and Disease
Chapter 2. Aging and the Recovery of Skin Function and Appearance
Chapter 3. Changes in Nutritional Needs With Aging
Age-Related Changes Affect Nutrition
Chapter 4. Sugars, Glucocorticoids, and the Hypothalamic Controls of Appetite
Sugar Solutions and the Hypothalamus
Sugars and the Hypothalamus: Evidence from Humans
Chapter 5. Appetite Regulation in Healthy Aging
Reduced Appetite and Energy Intake During Aging
Less Suppression of Appetite and Energy Intake in Older People
Gastrointestinal Regulation of Appetite and Energy Intake
Appetite Regulation in Healthy Older Subjects
Appetite Regulation in Malnourished Older Subjects
Loss of Body Weight During Aging
Loss of Muscle Mass During Aging
Chapter 6. Human Microbiome and Aging
Microbiome Through the Human Life Cycle
Microbiome and the Immune Response
Therapeutic Interventions for Microbial Manipulation
Implications for Health and Disease
Chapter 7. Fibromyalgia Syndrome: Role of Obesity and Nutrients
Pathophysiology of Fibromyalgia
Role of Diet and Micronutrients in Fibromyalgia
Changes in Body Structure and Physiological Functions
Chapter 9. Assessment of Nutritional Status in the Elderly
Medical History With a Particular Emphasis on the Nutritional History and Physical Examination
Chapter 10. Eating Capability Assessments in Elderly Populations
Eating Capability: Definition and Constituents
Actions in the Oral Cavity: Mastication and Swallowing
Swallowing Capability Assessment
Part II: Nutrients (Vitamins and Minerals) in Health in Aging Adults
Chapter 11. Healthy Food Choice and Dietary Behavior in the Elderly
Determinants of Dietary Behavior
Chapter 12. Vitamin D and Diabetes in Elderly People
Potential Mechanisms and Pathways for an Effect of Vitamin D in Diabetes
Epidemiological Evidence of Hypovitaminosis D as a Risk Factor for Diabetes
Vitamin D and Diabetes in the Elderly
Chapter 13. Vitamin D and the Elderly Orthopedic Patient
Chapter 14. Vitamins and Minerals in Older Adults: Causes, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Deficiency
Chapter 15. The Role of B Group Vitamins and Choline in Cognition and Brain Aging
Role of B Group Vitamins and Choline in Normal Brain Functioning and Neuroprotection
The Homocysteine Cycle: Biochemistry and Clinical Implications
Chapter 16. Vitamin B12 Deficiency in the Elderly
Vitamin B12 Metabolism and Function
Causes of Vitamin B12 Deficiency in the Elderly
Clinical Manifestations of Vitamin B12 Deficiency
Diagnosis of Vitamin B12 Deficiency
Vitamin B12 Deficiencies in the Institutionalized Elderly
Screening for Vitamin B12 Deficiency in the Elderly
Chapter 17. Vitamin E Isoform-Specific Functions in Allergic Inflammation and Asthma
Vitamin E Isoforms, Sources, and Functions
Asthma and Allergic Lung Inflammation
Clinical Studies of Asthma and Tocopherol Isoforms
Comparing Tocopherol Doses in Humans and Preclinical Mouse Studies
Tocopherol Regulation of Leukocyte Recruitment
Maternal Tocopherols and Offspring Development of Allergy
Alpha-Tocopherol and Gamma-Tocopherol: Opposing Functions in Other Chronic Inflammatory Diseases
Part III: Dietary Supplements and Herbs, Functional Foods, in Health in Aging Adults
Chapter 18. Polyphenols and Intestinal Health
Role of Gut Microbiota in Intestinal and Systemic Health
Classes, Subclasses, Examples, and Sources of Dietary Polyphenols
Antioxidant and Antiinflammatory Properties of Polyphenols
Influence of Polyphenols on Macro- and Micronutrient Bioavailability
Polyphenol Digestion, Absorption, and Utilization
Polyphenol–Microbe Interactions
Intestinal Health Benefits of Polyphenols
Chapter 19. Nootropics, Functional Foods, and Dietary Patterns for Prevention of Cognitive Decline
Dietary Patterns and Complete Nutritional Plans With Cognitive Implications
Micronutrients With Possible Effects on Cognition
Characteristics of TRAIL and Apoptosis Induced by TRAIL
Chalcone Potential for Enhancing TRAIL-Mediated Apoptosis in Cancer Cells
Introduction: Calorie Restriction
CRMS in Mediating Metabolic Pathways of Calorie Restriction
Targeting SIRT-1 for CRM Discovery and Development
Concluding Remarks and Perspectives
Chapter 23. Nutraceuticals for Healthy Skin Aging
Chapter 24. Effects of Resveratrol on Cognitive Functions
Background: Sources and Pharmacokinetics of Resveratrol
Limitations and Challenges for Future Studies
Chapter 25. North American Natural Health Products and Sexual Function in Aging Adults
Part IV: Protein and Energy in Health and Growth of Elderly
Chapter 26. Physiological Aspects of Coenzyme Q10 in Plasma in Relationship with Exercise and Aging
Do Levels of CoQ Decrease During Aging?
Importance of CoQ in the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease
CoQ10 Levels Can Be Modified by Physical Activity and Lifestyle
Regulation of CoQ10 Levels in Plasma
Effect of Statins on CoQ10 Levels
Chapter 27. Cellular and Physiological Effects of Arginine in Seniors
Arginine Physiology and Biological Importance
Arginine Dosing and Supplementation
Skeletal Muscle Metabolism Changes with Aging
Impacts of the Age-Related Changes in Skeletal Muscle Metabolism
Mechanisms of Age-Related Changes in Skeletal Muscle Metabolism
Caloric Restriction Alters Skeletal Muscle Metabolism
Mechanisms of the CR-Induced Alteration in Skeletal Muscle Metabolism
Chapter 29. Healthy Foods for Healthy Aging: The Case for Protein
Recommendations: An Instruction Manual for Eating to Achieve Healthy Aging
Dietary Protein: The Foundation of a Healthy Body and Healthy Aging
Milk: A Natural Functional Food for a Strong and Healthy Body
Eggs: A Nutritious Food with Big Health Benefits
Seafood: Powerful Help for Healthy Aging
Meat and Poultry: A Juicy Issue
Food Choices for the Elderly: Are These Good for Healthy Aging?
Social Influences, Values, Attitudes, and Meat: Behind the Scenes of Food Choices
Culture, Perceptions of Food Choices, and Eating Habits: Perception Is Reality
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