Rehan Zaidi

SAP ABAP Objects

A Practical Guide to the Basics and Beyond

Rehan Zaidi
Dubai, United Arab Emirates
ISBN 978-1-4842-4963-5e-ISBN 978-1-4842-4964-2
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4842-4964-2
© Rehan Zaidi 2019
This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed.
Trademarked names, logos, and images may appear in this book. Rather than use a trademark symbol with every occurrence of a trademarked name, logo, or image we use the names, logos, and images only in an editorial fashion and to the benefit of the trademark owner, with no intention of infringement of the trademark. The use in this publication of trade names, trademarks, service marks, and similar terms, even if they are not identified as such, is not to be taken as an expression of opinion as to whether or not they are subject to proprietary rights.
While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication, neither the authors nor the editors nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that may be made. The publisher makes no warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein.
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Another book dedicated to my mother….

Table of Contents

Chapter 1:​ Creating Classes and Objects 1
Classes and Their Components 2
Local Classes 4
Global Classes 6
Object Creation and Instance-Method Calls 10
Methods and Method Calls 12
Static Components 13
A Full-Fledged Demo 15
The IS INSTANCE OF Predicate Expression 20
Deferred Class Specification 22
Summary 23
Chapter 2:​ Class Components in Detail 25
Finding the Type of an Object Reference Variable:​ Revisited 26
Using the New Operator to Create an Object 27
Defining Our Own Types in Classes 31
Constants in Classes 32
Dictionary Types for Global Classes 34
Static Constructor 36
Method Revisited 39
Specifying Internal Tables as Method Parameters 39
Inline Declarations While Calling Methods 43
Functional Methods 44
Specifying Exporting and Returning Parameters for Functional Methods 47
Methods Calling Other Methods 51
Method Chaining 51
Event Handling in ABAP Objects 53
A Working Example 54
Triggering and Handling the PLAYER_​CREATED Event 54
Summary 60
Chapter 3:​ More on Object-Oriented ABAP 61
Inheritance:​ Super and Subclasses 61
Redefining Methods 66
Instance Constructors 66
Working Example 68
Casting and Polymorphism 73
Global Subclasses and Redefinition of Methods 81
Interfaces 87
Creating Global Interfaces 91
Abstract and Final Classes 94
Friendships 97
Summary 100
Chapter 4:​ Class Builder 101
Transaction SE80 101
The Class Builder and Its Features 104
Class Builder Tabs 106
Useful Functions of the Class Builder 107
Where-Used Lists 107
Class Browser 113
Testing Classes in SE24 114
Testing a Static Method 115
Testing Instance Methods 119
Testing Methods Using Table Parameters 128
Summary 135
Chapter 5:​ Exceptions, Shared, and Persistent Objects 137
Exception Handling and Exception Classes 137
RAISE and TRY .​.​ ENDTRY Statements 139
Resumable Exceptions 140
Using Message Classes for Exception Class Text 144
A Working Example 146
Singleton Classes 150
Persistent Objects 154
Storing and Reading Persistent Objects 160
Shared Memory Objects 163
The GET_​DATA and SET_​DATA Methods 164
Versioning Switched On 168
Writing and Reading Data Into Shared Memory 169
Summary 172
Chapter 6:​ More Topics in Object-Oriented ABAP 173
Using the New Operator to Create an Object 173
ALV Object Model 177
Adding Header Texts to ALV Columns 180
Method Chaining 183
Object-Oriented Transactions 185
Refactoring Assistant 192
Moving Components from a Class to its Direct Subclass 194
Moving Components from a Class to an Implemented Interface 195
Moving Components from a Class to an Associated Class 198
Enhancement of Classes 199
Example 1.​ PreExit and PostExit Methods 200
Example 2.​ Overwrite Method 206
Statements/​Constructs Not Allowed in Object-Oriented ABAP 208
Naming Variables 208
Using Logical Operators 209
CASE Statement Usage 210
Using ON CHANGE OF 210
Restrictions to Using the TYPES Statement 210
Restrictions to Using DATA Declarations and Constants 211
Untyped Field-Symbols 211
Internal Table-Related Statements 212
Database Table-Related Statements 213
Untyped Method Parameters 213
Summary 214
Chapter 7:​ ABAP Unit Test-Driven Development 215
Testing Need and Phases 215
Basics of ABAP Unit Test Driven Development 217
Unit Test Benefits 219
Demo Example 220
Executing a Unit Test 224
Methods in CL_​ABAP_​UNIT_​ASSERT for Testing 227
ABAP Unit Results in Code Inspector 230
Exceptions in ABAP Unit Tests 233
Enabling and Executing ABAP Unit Browser 234
Summary 237
Chapter 8:​ Creating ABAP Classes Using Eclipse 239
Installing Eclipse and Loading ABAP Perspective 239
Creating an ABAP Project in Eclipse 242
Creating a Global Class in Eclipse 244
Creating a Local Class in Eclipse 249
Method Wizard in Eclipse 251
Unit Test Templates Using Eclipse 254
Modifying Templates 256
Summary 259
Index 261

About the Author and About the Technical Reviewer

About the Author

Rehan Zaidi
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is a consultant for several international SAP clients. He started working with SAP in 1999 and writing about his experiences in 2001. He has written several articles for both SAP Professional Journal and HR Expert , and he also has a number of popular SAP- and ABAP-related books to his credit.

He provides SAP consulting to companies and helps clients (both on-site and remote) with their SAP technical requirements (ABAP, Workflow, Quick development of Fiori apps, and S/4 HANA-related requirements). Rehan also creates documentation and training manuals for a number of companies based in the United States.

Rehan is interested in providing publicity options to ERP consulting firms. His clients are located in a number of countries and continents, including the Middle East (GCC region) as well as North America and Europe. He is currently working on a new ERP programmer magazine. He can be reached at [email protected] .

 

About the Technical Reviewer

Farhan Ullah
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started his career in SAP as an ABAP developer in 2002. He is a certified ABAP developer and a successful SAP ABAP trainer. He has also moved toward providing functional consultancy and fulfilling the business analysis role. However, he remains vested in ABAP development and keeps abreast on the latest ABAP tools and technologies. With more than 15 years of experience in various roles, Farhan has broad expertise in solution design, project management, support of long-term customer relationships, and strategic business development.

 
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