List of Acronyms/Abbreviations
a, abs Absolute
A Ash (content in coal)/Ampere
ABMA American Boiler Manufacturers Association
A/C Air/Cloth
AC Alternating Current
ACF Activated Carbon Filter
ACW Auxiliary Cooling Water
ad Air Dried
AFBC Atmospheric Fluidized Bed Combustion
AFR Air-Fuel Ratio
AH Air Heater
AHS Ash Handling System
ANSI American National Standards Institute
APC Auxiliary Power Consumption
API American Petroleum Institute
APS Automatic Plant Start-up & Shutdown System
ar As Received
AS Auxiliary Steam
ASME American Society of Mechanical Engineers
ASTM American Society for Testing & Materials
atm Atmosphere
AVR Automatic Voltage Regulator
AVT All Volatile Treatment
AWWA American Water Works Association
b Bar
B Billion
BA Bottom Ash
B&W The Babcock & Wilcox Company
BDC Bottom Dead Center
BEI British Electricity Institute
BF Base Factor
BFBC Bubbling Fluidized Bed Combustion
BFP Boiler Feed Pump
BHRA British Hydraulic Research Association
BIS Bureau of Indian Standards
BMCR Boiler Maximum Continuous Rating
BMS Burner Management System
BOOS Burner Out Of Service
BOP Balance Of Plant
BP Booster Pump
BPVC Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code
BSI British Standards Institution
Btu British Thermal Unit
BWR Boiling Water Reactor
C Carbon/Celsius/Centegrade
Ca Calcium
CA Compressed Air
CAA Clean Air Act, U.S.A.
CAAA Clean Air Act Amendments
cc Cubic Centimeter
CC Combined Cycle
CCCW Closed Cycle Cooling Water
CCGT Combined Cycle Gas Turbine
CCPP Combined Cycle Power Plant
CE Combustion Engineering Inc./Collecting Electrode
CEA Central Electricity Authority, India
CEGB Central Electricity Generating Board
CEN (Comité Européen de Normalisation)-European Committee for Standardization
CEP Condensate Extraction Pump
CFBC Circulating Fluidized Bed Combustion
cfm Cubic Feet Per Minute
CHF Critical Heat Flux
CHP Combined Heat And Power
CHS Coal Handling System
CI Combustion Inspection of Gas Turbine
C.I. Compression Ignition
cm Centimeter
CO Carbon Monoxide
CO2 Carbon Dioxide
cP Centipoise
CPCB Central Pollution Control Board, India
CR Compression Ratio
CRH Cold Reheat
CSA Canadian Standards Association
CV Calorific Value/Control Valve
CW Circulating (Condenser Cooling) Water
cwt Hundredweight
D Drain/Diameter
D, d Day
DAF Dry Ash Free
dB Decibel
DAS Data Acquisition System
DC Direct Current
DCA Drain Cooler Approach
DCS Distributed Control System
DE Discharge Electrode
deg Degree
DIN Deutsches Institut für Normung
DM De-mineralized
dmmf Dry Mineral Matter Free
DMW De-mineralized Water
DNB Departure From Nucleate Boiling
DO Dissolved Oxygen
DSI Duct Sorbent Injection
EA Excess Air
ECS Environmental Control Systems
EDI Electrical De-ionization Unit
eff/EFF Efficiency
EHS Environmental, Health and Safety
EIA Environmental Impact Assessment
emf Electromotive Force
EMV Effective Migration Velocity
EPA Environmental Protection Agency, U.S.A
EPRI Electric Power Research Institute, U.S.A
EPRS Effective Projected Radiant Surface
ESI Economizer Sorbent Injection
ESP Electrostatic Precipitator
ESV Emergency Stop Valve
EU European Union
EX Extraction
F Fahrenheit
FA Fly Ash
FAC Flow Accelerated Corrosion
FBC Fluidized Bed Combustion
FBR Fast Breeder Reactor
FC Fixed Carbon (in coal)
FD Forced Draft
FEGT Furnace Exit Gas Temperature
FGD Flue Gas Desulfurization
FGR Flue Gas Recirculation
FIG Figure
FFH Factored Fired Hours
FO Furnace Oil
FSI Furnace Sorbent Injection
ft Foot/Feet
FW Feed Water
FWH Feed Water Heater
fpm Feet Per Minute
g Gram/Gauge/Acceleration Due to Gravity (1 kg.m/Ns2)
G Gallon/Giga
GB Guojia Biaozhun, China National Standard
GCB Generator Circuit Breaker
GCR Gas Cooled Reactor
GCS Gas Conditioning Skid
GCV Gross Calorific Value
GE General Electric Company
GGH Gas to Gas Heater
GHG Greenhouse Gas
GJ Giga Joule
GLR Generator Lock-out Relay
GOST Gosudartsvennye Standarty, Russian National Standards
GPHR Gross Plant Heat Rate
gpm Gallons Per Minute
gr Grain
GT Gas Turbine/Generator Transformer
h Hour
H Hydrogen
H, h Enthalpy
HAP Hazardous Air Pollutants
HAZ Heat Affected Zone
HCSD High Concentration Slurry Disposal System
HEI Heat Exchange Institute, U.S.A.
HFO Heavy Fuel Oil
Hg Mercury
HGI Hardgrove Grindability Index
HGPI Hot Gas Path Inspection
HHV Higher Heating Value
HI Hydraulic Institute, Inc., U.S.A.
hp Horse Power
HP High Pressure
HRSG Heat Recovery Steam Generator
HR Heat Rate
HRH Hot Reheat
HSD High Speed Diesel
HSI Hybrid Sorbent Injection
HT High Tension/Hemispherical Temperature (of ash)
HV High Volatile/High Voltage
HVAC Heating-Ventilation & Air Conditioning
HWR Heavy Water Reactor
Hz Hertz (Frequency)
IA Instrument Air
I&C Instrumentation & Control
IBR Indian Boiler Regulations
ICE Internal Combustion Engine
ICS Integrated Control System
ID Induced Draft/Inside Diameter
IDT Initial-Deformation Temperature (of ash)
IEC International Electrotechnical Commission
IEEE Institute of Electric and Electronic Engineers
IFC International Finance Corporation
IGCC Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle
IM Inherent Moisture (content in coal)
Imp. Imperial
in Inch/Inches
IPB Isolated Phase Bus
IP Intermediate Pressure
IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
IPP Independent Power Producer
IR Infrared Radiation
IS Indian Standards
ISO International Standards Organization
ISO Condition Pressure: 1.013 kPa, Temperature: 288 K, Relative Humidity: 65%
IV Interceptor Valve
J Joule
JO Jacking Oil
k Kilo
K Kelvin/Potassium
kA Kilo Ampere
kcal Kilocalories
kg Kilogram
kg-mole Kilogram-mole
kg/s Kilogram Per Second
kJ Kilo Joule
km Kilometer
KOD Knock Out Drum
kPa Kilo Pascal
kV Kilo Volt
kW Kilo Watt
kWh Kilo Watt Hour
l Liter
lb Pound
LDO Light Diesel Oil
LEA Low Excess-Air
LH2 Liquid Hydrogen
LHV Lower Heating Value
LMTD Log Mean Temperature Difference
LNB Low-NOx Burner
LNG Liquefied Natural Gas
LO Lube Oil
LP Low Pressure
LPG Liquefied Petroleum Gas
LSHS Low Sulfur Heavy Stock
LT Low Tension
LV Low Volatile
m Meter
M Moisture (content in coal)/Million
MAF Moisture and Ash Free
max Maximum
MB Mixed Bed Unit
MCC Motor Control Center
MCR Maximum Continuous Rating
M.E.P. Mean Effective Pressure
MFR Master Fuel Relay
MFT Master Fuel Trip
mg Milligram
Mg Magnesium
MGD Million Gallons Per Day
m/h Miles Per Hour
MI Major Inspection Of Gas Turbine
min Minute/Minimum
MJ Mega Joule
ml Milliliter
mm Millimeter
MM Mineral Matter (content in coal)
MMT Minimum Metal Temperature
mol Molecular
MOEF Ministry of Environment & Forests, India
MPa Mega Pascal
mph Miles Per Hour
m/s Meter/Second
MS Main Steam
mV Milli Volt
MW Mega Watt
µS Micro-Siemens
N Newton/Nitrogen
Na Sodium
NCV Net Calorific Value
NEMA National Electrical Manufacturers Association
NFPA National Fire Protection Association, U.S.A.
Nm3 Normal Cubic Meter
NO Nitric Oxide
NO2 Nitrous Oxide
NOx Nitrogen Oxides
NPHR Net Plant Heat Rate
NPSH Net Positive Suction Head
NRV Non-Return Valve
NTP Normal Temperature & Pressure (273 K & 101.3 kPa)
O Oxygen
O&M Operation & Maintenance
OD Outside Diameter
OEM Original Equipment Manufacturer
OFA Over-Fire Air
OH Operating Hours
OLTC On-Line Tap Changer
OPEC Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries
OSHA Occupational Safety & Health Administration
OT Oxygen Treatment
oz Ounce
P Power/Poise
P, p Pressure
Pa Pascal
PA Primary Air
PAC Powdered Activated Carbon
PC Pulverized Coal
PCC Power Control Center
PF Power Factor/Pulverized Fuel
PFBC Pressurized Fluidized Bed Combustion
PG Performance Guarantee
pH Negative Log of Hydrogen Ion Concentration
P&ID Process & Instrumentation Diagram
PLF Plant Load Factor
PM Particulate Matter
ppb Parts Per Billion (mass)
ppm Parts Per Million (mass)
ppmv Parts Per Million by Volume
PRDS Pressure Reducing And De-superheating
Press Pressure
PRV Pressure Reducing Valve
PSF Pressure Sand Filter
psi Pounds Per Square Inch
PTC Performance Test Code
PWR Pressurized Water Reactor
R Rankine/Universal Gas Constant
rad Radian
rev Revolution
RH Reheater
RHO Reheater Outlet
RO Reverse Osmosis
rpm Revolution Per Minute
RW Raw Water
s Second
S Sulfur
S, s Entropy
SA Secondary Air/Service Air
SAC Strong Acid Cation Unit/Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China
SBA Strong Base Anion Unit
SCA Specific Collection Area
SCAH or SCAPH Steam coil air pre-heater
SCC Submerged Chain Conveyor
scf Standard Cubic Feet
scfm Standard Cubic Feet Per Minute
SCR Selective Catalytic Reduction
SDA Spray Drier Absorber
sec Second
SG Steam Generator
SH Superheater
SHO Superheater Outlet
SI Systeme International D’Unites/International System of Units
S.I. Spark Ignition
SLD Single Line Diagram
SM Surface Moisture (content in coal)
SNCR Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction
SO2 Sulfur Dioxide
SO3 Sulfur Trioxide
SOx Sulfur Oxides
sp gr Specific Gravity
SPM Suspended Particulate Matter
SS Stainless Steel
s.s.c. Specific Steam Consumption
ST Steam Turbine/Station Transformer/Softening Temperature (of ash)
STP Standard Temperature & Pressure (288 K & 101.3 kPa)
SWAS Steam Water Analysis System
t Ton/Tonne
T Temperature/Turbine
TAC Tariff Advisory Committee, India
TDC Top Dead Center
TDS Total Dissolved Solids
TEMA Tubular Exchanger Manufacturer Association
Temp. Temperature
TG Turbo-Generator
TLR Turbine Lock-out Relay
TM Total Moisture (content in coal)
TMCR Turbine Maximum Continuous Rating
tph Tonnes Per Hour
TPSC Toshiba Power Services Corporation, Japan
T/R Transformer Rectifier Set
TSP Total Suspended Particulates
TSS Total Suspended Solids
TTD Terminal Temperature Difference
U, u Internal Energy
UAT Unit Auxiliary Transformer
UBC Unburned Carbon
ULR Unit Lock-out Relay
UPS Uninterrupted Power Supply System
UV Ultra Violet
V Volt
V, v Volume
VDI Verlag des Vereins Deutscher Ingenieure (the Association of German Engineers)
VM Volatile Matter (in coal)
vol Volume
vs Versus
VWO Valve Wide Open condition
W Watt/Work
WAC Weak Acid Cation Unit
WB World Bank
WBA Weak Base Anion Unit
WFGD Wet Flue Gas Desulfurization
wg Water Gauge
WHRB Waste Heat Recovery Boiler
wt Weight
yd Yard/Yards
YGP Yancy, Geer and Price (Index)
yr Year
