The initial behavior of sendmail is determined largely by the command line used to invoke it. The command line can, for example, cause sendmail to use a different configuration file or to rebuild the aliases file rather than deliver mail. The command line can be typed at your keyboard, executed from a boot-time script, or even executed by an MUA when sending mail.
V8.13 sendmail introduced five new command-line switches and modified the way one existing command-line switch worked. Of these, the first is covered in this chapter and the last four are covered in Chapter 11 and Chapter 16.
The modified
-vverbose switch with the MSP (see Section 15.1.1 [V8.13])The new
-Ddebug file switch (see Section 16.1.1 [V8.13])The new
-Qquarantining switch (see Section 11.1.2.2 [V8.13])The new
-qQswitch to handle quarantined messages (see Section 11.1.2.2 [V8.13])The new
-qLswitch to handle lost files (see Section 11.1.6 [V8.13])
Since V8.12, sendmail has run
as non-set-user-id
root (10.1[3ed]). One
problem with this scheme is that only the connection between the MSP
sendmail and the local listening daemon is
viewable when using the -v command-line switch.
This restriction made it difficult to diagnose certain sending
problems in the traditional manner.
Beginning with V8.13, the -v command-line switch
causes the MSP sendmail to send the SMTP VERB
(verbose) command to the local listening daemon. This causes the
local listening daemon to print (as part of its SMTP replies) each
step of what it is doing to send the message out over the Internet.
In the following examples, we show a verbose run with V8.12 sendmail:
% /usr/sbin/sendmail -v [email protected] < /dev/null [email protected]... Connecting to localhost via relay... 220 your.site ESMTP Sendmail 8.12.9/8.12.9; Sun, 7 Sep 2003 15:48:23 -0600 (MDT) >>> EHLO your.site 250-your.site Hello localhost [127.0.0.1], pleased to meet you 250-ENHANCEDSTATUSCODES 250-PIPELINING 250-8BITMIME 250-SIZE 250-DSN 250-ETRN 250-DELIVERBY 250 HELP >>> MAIL From:<[email protected]> 250 2.1.0 <[email protected]>... Sender ok >>> RCPT To:<[email protected]> 250 2.1.5 <[email protected]>... Recipient ok >>> DATA 354 Enter mail, end with "." on a line by itself >>> . 250 2.0.0 h87LmN09001068 Message accepted for delivery [email protected]... Sent (h87LmN09001068 Message accepted for delivery) Closing connection to localhost >>> QUIT 221 2.0.0 your.site closing connection
Note that under V8.12 all you could see was the conversation between
the MSP sendmail and the local listening daemon.
But beginning with V8.13, the -v command-line
switch causes additional information to be printed by the listening
daemon. That additional information is shown below, where each
additional line is prefixed with a 050 SMTP reply code.
050 <[email protected]>... Connecting to someother.site. via esmtp... 050 220 someother.site ESMTP Sendmail 8.13.0/8.13.0; Sun, 7 Sep 2003 15:55:35 -0600 (MDT) 050 >>> EHLO your.site 050 250-someother.site Hello your.site [192.168.5.12], pleased to meet you 050 250-ENHANCEDSTATUSCODES 050 250-PIPELINING 050 250-8BITMIME 050 250-SIZE 050 250-DSN 050 250-ETRN 050 250-DELIVERBY 050 250 HELP 050 >>> MAIL From:<[email protected]> SIZE=294 050 250 2.1.0 <[email protected]>... Sender ok 050 >>> RCPT To:<[email protected]> 050 >>> DATA 050 250 2.1.5 <[email protected]>... Recipient ok 050 354 Enter mail, end with "." on a line by itself 050 >>> . 050 250 2.0.0 h87LtZ9j053249 Message accepted for delivery 050 <[email protected]>... Sent (h87LtZ9j053249 Message accepted for delivery)
The -v command-line switch will only put the local listening daemon
into verbose mode if the configuration file for that daemon omits
both the noverb
(24.9.80.10[3ed]) and
goaway (24.9.80.2[3ed])
PrivacyOptions option’s settings.
define('confPRIVACY_FLAGS','noverb')
omit this
define('confPRIVACY_FLAGS','goaway')
omit thisIf either option is declared, the local listening daemon will not go into verbose mode, and no additional information will print.