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A guide to the fundamental chemistry and recent advances of battery materials
 
In one comprehensive volume, Inorganic Battery Materials explores the basic chemistry principles, recent advances, and the challenges and opportunities of the current and emerging technologies of battery materials. With contributions from an international panel of experts, this authoritative resource contains information on the fundamental features of battery materials, discussions on material synthesis, structural characterizations and electrochemical reactions. 

The book explores a wide range of topics including the state-of-the-art lithium ion battery chemistry to more energy-aggressive chemistries involving lithium metal. The authors also include a review of sulfur and oxygen, aqueous battery chemistry, redox flow battery chemistry, solid state battery chemistry and environmentally beneficial carbon dioxide battery chemistry. In the context of renewable energy utilization and transportation electrification, battery technologies have been under more extensive and intensive development than ever. This important book: 
  • Provides an understanding of the chemistry of a battery technology
  • Explores battery technology's potential as well as the obstacles that hamper the potential from being realized
  • Highlights new applications and points out the potential growth areas that can serve as inspirations for future research
  • Includes an understanding of the chemistry of battery materials and how they store and convert energy
Written for students and academics in the fields of energy materials, electrochemistry, solid state chemistry, inorganic materials chemistry and materials science, Inorganic Battery Materials focuses on the inorganic chemistry of battery materials associated with both current and future battery technologies to provide a unique reference in the field.
 
About EIBC Books
The Encyclopedia of Inorganic and Bioinorganic Chemistry (EIBC) was created as an online reference in 2012 by merging the Encyclopedia of Inorganic Chemistry and the Handbook of Metalloproteins. The resulting combination proves to be the defining reference work in the field of inorganic and bioinorganic chemistry, and a lot of chemistry libraries around the world have access to the online version. Many readers, however, prefer to have more concise thematic volumes in print, targeted to their specific area of interest. This feedback from EIBC readers has encouraged the Editors to plan a series of EIBC Books [formerly called EIC Books], focusing on topics of current interest.

EIBC Books will appear on a regular basis, will be edited by the EIBC Editors and specialist Guest Editors, and will feature articles from leading scholars in their fields. EIBC Books aim to provide both the starting research student and the confirmed research worker with a critical distillation of the leading concepts in inorganic and bioinorganic chemistry, and provide a structured entry into the fields covered.

Table of Contents

  1. Cover
  2. Encyclopedia of Inorganic and Bioinorganic Chemistry
  3. Editor‐in‐Chief Emeritus & Senior Advisors
  4. Contributors
  5. Series Preface
  6. Volume Preface
  7. Part 1: Chemistry of Li‐Ion Battery Materials
    1. 1 Silicon‐Based Anodes for Advanced Lithium‐Ion Batteries
    2. 1 Introduction
    3. 2 Nanostructure Design
    4. 3 Binder Effect
    5. 4 Electrolyte Optimization and Interphase Engineering
    6. 5 Practical Perspectives of S‐Based Anodes in Full Cells
    7. 6 Challenges and Outlook
    8. 7 Abbreviations and Acronyms
    9. 8 References
    10. 2 Surface Chemistry of Alkali‐Ion Battery Cathode Materials
    11. 1 Introduction
    12. 2 Surface Chemistry of Cathode Materials
    13. 3 Conclusion
    14. 4 Acknowledgment
    15. Related Article
    16. 6 Abbreviations and Acronyms
    17. 7 References
  8. Part 2: Lithium Metal Battery Materials
    1. 3 Li‐CO2 Batteries
    2. 1 Introduction
    3. 2 Reaction Mechanism
    4. 3 Influence Factors of L–CO2 Batteries
    5. 4 Cathode Materials
    6. 5 Conclusion
    7. 6 Abbreviations and Acronyms
    8. 7 References
    9. 4 S Electrode Materials
    10. 1 Introduction
    11. 2 Electrochemistry of Lithium–Sulfur Batteries
    12. 3 Sulfur Cathode Host Materials
    13. 4 Summary
    14. 5 Related Articles
    15. 6 Abbreviations and Acronyms
    16. 7 References
    17. 5 Lithium Metal Anode
    18. 1 Introduction
    19. 2 Characterization of Lithium Dendrite and Anode Surface Chemistry
    20. 3 Intrinsic Property of SEI Layer on Lithium Metal Surface
    21. 4 Modeling of Lithium Dendrite Growth
    22. 5 Strategies to Protect Metallic Lithium Anode
    23. 6 Summary and Outlook
    24. 7 Related Article
    25. 8 Abbreviations and Acronyms
    26. 9 References
    27. 6 Lithium Oxygen Battery
    28. 1 Introduction
    29. 2 O2 Redox in L+‐Containing Aprotic Solutions
    30. 3 Main Challenges and Research Efforts to Improve Performance in L–O2 Batteries
    31. 4 Conclusion and Future Outlook, from O2 to Air: Realizing L–Air Batteries
    32. 5 Abbreviations and Acronyms
    33. 6 References
    34. 7 Structural Engineering of Cathode Materials for Lithium‐Sulfur Batteries
    35. 1 Introduction
    36. 2 Design and Engineering of Sulfur Cathodes
    37. 3 Summary and Outlook
    38. 4 Acknowledgments
    39. 5 Abbreviations and Acronyms
    40. 6 References
  9. Part 3: Materials and Chemistry of Non-Lithium Batteries
    1. 8 How to Maximize the Potential of Zn‐Air Battery: Toward Acceptable Rechargeable Technology with or without Electricity
    2. 1 Introduction
    3. 2 Z–Air Battery—Overview
    4. 3 Perspective View of a Possibility as a Primary and Mechanically Rechargeable Z–Air Battery
    5. 4 Perspective View of a Possibility as an Electrically Rechargeable Z–Air Battery
    6. 5 Conclusion
    7. 6 Acknowledgment
    8. 7 Related Article
    9. 8 Abbreviations and Acronyms
    10. 9 References
    11. 9 Solid State and Materials Chemistry for Sodium‐Ion Batteries
    12. 1 Introduction
    13. 2 Electrodes and Their Mechanisms
    14. 3 Electrolytes
    15. 4 Mechanism—Surface Chemistry During Electrochemical Cycling
    16. 5 State‐of‐the‐Art Characterization Tools
    17. 6 Conclusions
    18. 7 Acknowledgments
    19. 8 Abbreviations and Acronyms
    20. 9 References
    21. 10 Multivalent Metallic Anodes for Rechargeable Batteries
    22. 1 Introduction
    23. 2 Zinc Anodes
    24. 3 Iron Anodes
    25. 4 Magnesium Anodes
    26. 5 Aluminum Anodes
    27. 6 Calcium Anodes
    28. 7 Conclusions
    29. 8 Related Article
    30. 9 Abbreviations and Acronyms
    31. 10 References
    32. 11 Redox-Active Inorganic Materials for Redox Flow Batteries
    33. 1 Introduction
    34. 2 Iron–Chromium Redox Flow Battery
    35. 3 Vanadium Redox Flow Battery
    36. 4 Zinc‐based Inorganic Redox Flow Batteries
    37. 5 All‐iron Redox Flow Battery
    38. 6 Polyoxometalate and Heteropolyacid Redox Flow Battery
    39. 7 Polysulfide–Polyhalide Redox Flow Batteries
    40. 8 Other Nonaqueous Inorganic Redox Flow Batteries
    41. 9 Perspective
    42. 10 Conclusion
    43. 11 Acknowledgments
    44. 12 Abbreviations and Acronyms
    45. References
    46. 12 Electrode and Electrolyte Interaction in Aqueous Electrochemical Energy Storage
    47. 1 Introduction
    48. 2 Electrode and Electrolyte Interaction in Extendingthe Potential Window of Aqueous Energy Storage
    49. 3 Electrode and Water Interaction in Improving the Kinetics of Aqueous Energy Storage
    50. 4 Future Research Directions
    51. 5 Acknowledgments
    52. 6 Abbreviations and Acronyms
    53. 7 References
    54. 13 Na-Ion Batteries: Positive Electrode Materials
    55. 1 Introduction
    56. 2 Layered Transition Metal Oxides (N MO2; M = Transition Metal)
    57. 3 Fluoride Systems (NMF3)
    58. 4 Polyanion Systems
    59. 5 Prussian Blue/White Materials
    60. 6 Conclusions
    61. 7 Related Article
    62. 8 Abbreviations and Acronyms
    63. 9 References
  10. Part 4: Electrolyte Chemistry for Rechargeable Batteries
    1. 14 Solid-State Electrolyte
    2. 1 Introduction
    3. 2 Lithium Oxide Systems
    4. 3 Lithium Sulfide Systems
    5. 4 Thin‐Film SSE
    6. 5 Hydrides and Other SSE
    7. 6 Summary/Conclusion
    8. 7 Abbreviations and Acronyms
    9. 8 References
    10. 15 Chemistry of Soft Matter Battery Electrolytes
    11. 1 Introduction
    12. 2 Ionic Conductivities and Lithium (Sodium) Transference Numbers
    13. 3 Soft Matter Lithium and Sodium Electrolytes
    14. 4 Stability of the Electrolyte/Electrode Interfaces
    15. 5 Specific Electrolyte Issues in L–S and L–O2 Batteries
    16. 6 Electrolytes for Multivalent Batteries
    17. 7 Conclusions and Outlook
    18. 8 Abbreviations and Acronyms
    19. 9 References
    20. 16 Modeling Solid State Batteries
    21. 1 Introduction
    22. 2 Atomistic Modeling for Solid‐State Batteries
    23. 3 Continuum Modeling for Solid State Battery
    24. 4 Abbreviations and Acronyms
    25. 5 References
  11. Part 5: Advanced Characterizations of Inorganic Battery Materials
    1. 17 TEM Studies on Electrode Materials for Secondary Ion Batteries
    2. 1 Introduction
    3. 2 Cathode Materials
    4. 3 Anode Materials
    5. 4 In Situ TEM
    6. 5 Outlook
    7. 6 Related Article
    8. 7 Abbreviations and Acronyms
    9. 8 References
    10. 18 Synchrotron-Based Soft X-Ray Spectroscopy for Battery Material Studies
    11. 1 Introduction
    12. 2 Synchrotron Based SXS Techniques
    13. 3 General SXS Demonstrations of Batteries
    14. 4 K‐Edge sXAS of Low‐Z Elements in Batteries
    15. 5 sXAS for Quantifying TM Cationic Redox Reactions
    16. 6 RIXS for Detecting the Subtle Chemical Contrast
    17. 7 mRIXS for Detecting Novel Mn Redox States
    18. 8 mRIXS Fingerprints Oxygen Redox States
    19. 9 Perspectives on in Situ SXS of Batteries
    20. 10 Summary and Conclusions
    21. 11 Acknowledgment
    22. 12 Related Articles
    23. 13 Abbreviations and Acronyms
    24. 14 References
    25. 19 Solid Electrolyte Interphase in Lithium-Based Batteries
    26. 1 Introduction
    27. 2 The Passive Layer on Lithium
    28. 3 Catalysis Effect
    29. 4 Mechanical Effect
    30. 5 Properties of SEI
    31. 6 Potential Causes of Controversy during Surface Characterization
    32. 7 Future Prospects
    33. 8 Acknowledgments
    34. Related Article
    35. 10 Abbreviations and Acronyms
    36. 11 References
    37. 20 Application of In Situ Electrochemical-Cell Transmission Electron Microscopy for the Study of Rechargeable Batteries
    38. 1 Introduction
    39. 2 Application in Lithium‐Ion Batteries
    40. 3 Application in Metal–Air Batteries
    41. 4 Conclusions and Outlook
    42. 5 Acknowledgments
    43. Related Article
    44. 7 Abbreviations and Acronyms
    45. 8 References
  12. Index
  13. Abbreviations and Acronyms used in this Volume
  14. End User License Agreement
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