Physical layout of a network.
A database of reachable destinations used by EIGRP for inserting destinations into the routing table and determining what alternate routes are available.
An OSPF area into which no summary routes (type 3 LSAs) or external routes (type 5 LSAs) are advertised.
A link in the network over which traffic passes to other areas of the network; transit traffic is not destined to a network attached directly to either end of the path.
The layer in the OSI model that is responsible for end-to-end transport of data from its source to its destination.
The amount of time or number of hops a packet is allowed to exist in a network; it prevents packets that are looping from doing so forever.
Encapsulating a packet into multiple layers of headers so that the outer header has no bearing on the final destination of the packet; the contents of the packet, including the inner (encapsulated) headers are sometimes encrypted.
A state in the process of building neighbor adjacencies in OSPF; the neighbors have established that two-way communication is possible between the routers at this stage.
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