Using Eclipse, create a new Android project and name it as shown in Figure 8-1.

Figure 8-1. FIGURE 8-1

Add the following statements in bold to the main.xml file:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent"
>
<Button
    android:id="@+id/btnSendSMS"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:text="Send SMS"/ >

</LinearLayout>

In the AndroidManifest.xml file, add the following statements in bold:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
      package="net.learn2develop.SMS"
      android:versionCode="1"
      android:versionName="1.0">
    <application android:icon="@drawable/icon" android:label="@string/app_name">
        <activity android:name=".MainActivity"
                  android:label="@string/app_name">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
    </application>
    <uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="8" />
    <uses-permissionandroid:name="android.permission.SEND_SMS"></uses-permission>
</manifest>

Add the following statements in bold to the MainActivity.java file:

package net.learn2develop.SMS;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;

import android.app.PendingIntent;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.telephony.SmsManager;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {
    Button btnSendSMS;
    /** Called when the activity is first created. */
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

setContentView(R.layout.main);

        btnSendSMS= (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnSendSMS);
        btnSendSMS.setOnClickListener(newView.OnClickListener()
        {
            publicvoidonClick(View v)
            {
                sendSMS("5556", "Hello my friends!");

            }
        });
    }

    //---sends an SMS message to another device---
    privatevoidsendSMS(String phoneNumber, String message)
    {
        SmsManager sms = SmsManager.getDefault();
        sms.sendTextMessage(phoneNumber, null, message, null, null);
    }
}

Press F11 to debug the application on the Android Emulator. Using the Android SDK and AVD Manager, launch another AVD.

On the first Android Emulator, click the Send SMS button to send an SMS message to the second emulator. The left side of Figure 8-2 shows the SMS message received by the second emulator (note the notification bar at the top of the second emulator).

Figure 8-2. FIGURE 8-2

Using the same project created in the previous section, add the following statements in bold to the AndroidManifest.xml file:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

package="net.learn2develop.SMS"
      android:versionCode="1"
      android:versionName="1.0">
    <application android:icon="@drawable/icon" android:label="@string/app_name">
        <activity android:name=".MainActivity"
                  android:label="@string/app_name">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
        <receiver android:name=".SMSReceiver">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name=
                    "android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED"/ >
            </intent-filter>
        </receiver>
    </application>
    <uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="8" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.SEND_SMS"></uses-permission>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECEIVE_SMS">
    </uses-permission>
</manifest>

In the src folder of the project, add a new Class file to the package name and call it SMSReceiver.java (see Figure 8-4).

Figure 8-4. FIGURE 8-4

Code the SMSReceiver.java file as follows:

packagenet.learn2develop.SMS;

importandroid.content.BroadcastReceiver;
importandroid.content.Context;
importandroid.content.Intent;
importandroid.os.Bundle;
importandroid.telephony.SmsMessage;
importandroid.widget.Toast;

public classSMSReceiver extendsBroadcastReceiver
{
    @Override
    public voidonReceive(Context context, Intent intent)
    {
        //---get the SMS message passed in---
        Bundle bundle = intent.getExtras();
        SmsMessage[] msgs = null;
        String str = "";
        if(bundle != null)
        {
            //---retrieve the SMS message received---
            Object[] pdus = (Object[]) bundle.get("pdus");
            msgs = newSmsMessage[pdus.length];
            for (inti=0; i<msgs.length; i++){
                msgs[i] = SmsMessage.createFromPdu((byte[])pdus[i]);
                str += "SMS from "+ msgs[i].getOriginatingAddress();

str += " :";
                str += msgs[i].getMessageBody().toString();
                str += "
";
            }
            //---display the new SMS message---
            Toast.makeText(context, str, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
    }
}

Press F11 to debug the application on the Android Emulator.

Using the DDMS, send a message to the emulator. Your application should be able to receive the message and display it using the Toast class (see Figure 8-5).

Figure 8-5. FIGURE 8-5

Using the same project created earlier, add the following statements in bold to the main.xml file:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent"
    >

<ImageView
    android:id="@+id/img"
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:layout_gravity="center"/ >

</LinearLayout>

Add the following statements in bold to the MainActivity.java file:

public class MainActivity extends Activity {
    ImageView img;

    private InputStream OpenHttpConnection(String urlString)
    throws IOException
    {
        //...
    }

    private Bitmap DownloadImage(String URL)
    {
        Bitmap bitmap = null;
        InputStream in = null;
        try {
            in = OpenHttpConnection(URL);
            bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(in);
            in.close();
        } catch(IOException e1) {
            Toast.makeText(this, e1.getLocalizedMessage(),
                Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();

            e1.printStackTrace();
        }
        returnbitmap;
    }

    /** Called when the activity is first created. */
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.main);

        //---download an image---
        Bitmap bitmap =
            DownloadImage(
            "http://www.streetcar.org/mim/cable/images/cable-01.jpg");
        img= (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.img);
        img.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
    }
}

Press F11 to debug the application on the Android Emulator. Figure 8-9 shows the image downloaded from the Web and then displayed in the ImageView.

Using the same project created earlier, add the following statements in bold to the MainActivity.java file:

public class MainActivity extends Activity {
    ImageView img;

    private InputStream OpenHttpConnection(String urlString)
    throws IOException
    {
        //...
    }

    private Bitmap DownloadImage(String URL)
    {
        //...
    }

    private String DownloadText(String URL)
    {
        int BUFFER_SIZE = 2000;
        InputStream in = null;
        try {
            in = OpenHttpConnection(URL);
        } catch(IOException e1) {
            Toast.makeText(this, e1.getLocalizedMessage(),
                Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();

            e1.printStackTrace();
            return"";
        }

        InputStreamReader isr = new InputStreamReader(in);
        int charRead;
        String str = "";
        char[] inputBuffer = new char [BUFFER_SIZE];
        try {
            while((charRead = isr.read(inputBuffer))>0)
            {
                //---convert the chars to a String---
                String readString =
                    String.copyValueOf(inputBuffer, 0, charRead);
                str += readString;
                inputBuffer = new char[BUFFER_SIZE];
            }
            in.close();
        } catch(IOException e) {
            Toast.makeText(this, e.getLocalizedMessage(),
                Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();

            e.printStackTrace();

return"";
        }
        return str;
    }

    /** Called when the activity is first created. */
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.main);

        //---download an image---
        Bitmap bitmap =
            DownloadImage(
            "http://www.streetcar.org/mim/cable/images/cable-01.jpg");
        img = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.img);
        img.setImageBitmap(bitmap);

        //---download an RSS feed---
        String str = DownloadText(
            "http://www.appleinsider.com/appleinsider.rss");
        Toast.makeText(getBaseContext(), str,
                       Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
    }
}

Press F11 to debug the application on the Android Emulator. Figure 8-10 shows the RSS feed downloaded and displayed using the Toast class.

Figure 8-10. FIGURE 8-10

Using the same project created earlier, add the following statements in bold to the MainActivity.java file:

public class MainActivity extends Activity {
    ImageView img;

    private InputStream OpenHttpConnection(String urlString)
    throws IOException
    {
        //...
    }

    private Bitmap DownloadImage(String URL)
    {
        //...
    }

    private String DownloadText(String URL)
    {
        //...
    }

    private voidWordDefinition(String word) {
        InputStream in = null;
        try {
            in = OpenHttpConnection(
"http://services.aonaware.com/DictService/DictService.asmx/Define?word=" + word);
            Document doc = null;
            DocumentBuilderFactory dbf =
                DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
            DocumentBuilder db;
            try {
                db = dbf.newDocumentBuilder();
                doc = db.parse(in);
            } catch(ParserConfigurationException e) {
                // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                e.printStackTrace();
            } catch(Exception e) {
                // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            doc.getDocumentElement().normalize();

            //---retrieve all the <Definition> nodes---
            NodeList itemNodes =
                doc.getElementsByTagName("Definition");

            String strDefinition = "";
            for (inti = 0; i < definitionElements.getLength(); i++) {

Node itemNode = definitionElements.item(i);
                if (itemNode.getNodeType() == Node.ELEMENT_NODE)
                {
                    //---convert the Node into an Element---
                    Element definitionElement = (Element) itemNode;

                    //---get all the <WordDefinition> elements under
                    // the <Definition> element---
                    NodeList wordDefinitionElements =
                        (definitionElement).getElementsByTagName(
                        "WordDefinition");

                    strDefinition = "";
                    for (intj = 0; j < wordDefinitionElements.getLength(); j++) {
                        //---convert a <WordDefinition> Node into an Element---
                        Element wordDefinitionElement =
                            (Element) wordDefinitionElements.item(j);

                        //---get all the child nodes under the
                        // <WordDefinition> element---
                        NodeList textNodes =
                            ((Node) wordDefinitionElement).getChildNodes();

                        strDefinition +=
                            ((Node) textNodes.item(0)).getNodeValue() + ". ";
                    }

                    //---display the title---
                    Toast.makeText(getBaseContext(),strDefinition,
                        Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                }
            }
        } catch(IOException e1) {
            Toast.makeText(this, e1.getLocalizedMessage(),
                Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
            e1.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    /** Called when the activity is first created. */
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.main);

        //---download an image---
        Bitmap bitmap =
            DownloadImage(
            "http://www.streetcar.org/mim/cable/images/cable-01.jpg");
        img = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.img);
        img.setImageBitmap(bitmap);

        //---download an RSS feed---
        String str = DownloadText(

"http://www.appleinsider.com/appleinsider.rss");
        Toast.makeText(getBaseContext(), str,
                       Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

        //---access a Web service using GET---
        WordDefinition("Apple");
    }
}

Press F11 to debug the application on the Android Emulator. Figure 8-11 shows the result of the Web service call being parsed and then displayed using the Toast class.

Figure 8-11. FIGURE 8-11