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Design thinking gives us a way to connect the highly technical world of software development with the humans affected by the software we build. The four HART principles are the means by which we’ll give our software heart (pun 100 percent intended). Design mindsets are the way we’ll decide what needs to be done to help our stakeholders.

Now that we’ve covered the theory, it’s time to get down to business.

Since the invention of software, we have debated how much architecture design should happen up front and how much can emerge as we implement a solution. Like any discussion about extremes, the real answer lies somewhere in the middle. In the next chapter, you’ll see how to define a design strategy appropriate to your situation and choose design mindsets by considering the risks in the software system.