AClock 134

AComparator 121

ADivider 141

ADPWOsc 201

AEnvFollower 163

AExpADSR 157

aliasing 44, 46, 49, 88, 184, 208

AModal 179

amplitude modulation (AM) 58

AmuxDemux 126

analog signal 16, 18

analog to digital conversion 42, 49

anti-aliasing filter 46, 49

APolyDPWOsc 204

APolySVFilter 171

ARandom 144

ASequencer 138

ASVFilter 169

ATrivialOsc 189

attack decay sustain release (ADSR) 12

attack release (AR) 12

attenuverter 15

Audio Engineering Society (AES) convention 5

AWavefolder 210

background 106, 112

backward integrator see Euler integrator

bandlimited signal 44, 49

Bernoulli distribution 147

Bernoulli gate see Bernoulli distribution

blank panel 260

Bode, H. 4

Buchla, D. 6

Bucket-Brigade delay (BBD) 24

Chamberlin filter 167, 246

clipping 57, 58

clock 14, 79, 82, 131

comparator 120

context menu 77, 180

continuous-time signal 16, 42

control voltage (CV) 6

Core modules 74, 78

debug 233

demultiplexer (demux) 15, 125

Doepfer 7

differentiator 40

digital audio workstation (DAW) 57, 74

digital signal 18, 42

Digital Signal Processing (Oppenheim A. and Schafer, R.) 16

digital to analog conversion 42

diode 55, 58, 159

Dirac impulse 19

discrete Fourier series (DFS) 29

discrete Fourier transform (DFT) 32

discrete-time signal 18

discrete-time system 22

East Coast approach 6

EKO Computer Rhythm 14

envelope follower 158, 174

envelope generator (EG) 12; linear 150; exponential 153

Euler integrator 41

Eurorack 6

expander module 77, 95, 247

factory preset 251

fader 15

fast Fourier transform (FFT) 37

filter 10, 25, 38

filter: band-pass 40; band-stop 39; comb 40; cutoff 10, 38–40, 43, 167–168; high-pass 39; low-pass 38; notch 39; peaking 40; resistor-capacitor (RC) 154–158; shelving 40; state variable (SVF) 165–169

filter bank 175, 177

floating point 69

flow graph representation see signal flow graph

foldback see wavefolder

forward integrator see Euler integrator

frequency divider 140

frequency modulation (FM) 10, 60

frequency response 36

Fundamental modules 74, 80

gate signal 79, 82; see also Bernoulli Gate

git 101, 256–257

GNU debugger (GDB) 233

graphical user interface (GUI) 76, 110, 217

hard clipping see clipping

hard sync 10

Hello World 102

helper script 115, 119

impulse response 26, 36, 52

Integrated Development Environment (IDE) 106–109, 237

integrator see Euler integrator

interpolation: linear 99, 242; referred to the sampling rate 188

JSON 251

knob 77, 113

light 77, 113

linear time-invariant (LTI) system 22

look-up table (LUT) 242

low-frequency oscillator (LFO) 12

Max/MSP 7, 92

mixer 15, 58, 60, 82

modal synthesis 175–176

modular synthesis 1, 8

Module 91

Module expander see expander module

Module panel 76–77, 111

ModuleWidget 91, 97–98, 105, 115, 121

Moog, R. 5

multiplexer (mux) 15, 125

musical instruments digital interface (MIDI) 15, 74, 78–79, 80

NanoVG 217

Nyquist: frequency 46; theorem 44

oscillator 2–3, 5, 8; differentiated parabolic waveform (DPW) 192; sinusoidal 177, 246; spectrum of 46; trivial 184; see also low-frequency (LFO) oscillator

oversampling 186

panel see module panel

Parker, J. 208, 262

pitch (referred to the equal temperament) 191

plugin 76, 91; building 99, 102; creating 119

polyphonic cable 76, 88, 95, 148, 171

polyphony 79, 148

polyrhythm 147

port 75, 77, 113

preset see factory preset

pulse-width modulation (PWM) 10, 47, 81

Pure Data 7, 92

quantization 18, 19, 42, 52

random signal 63

resonance 39, 81, 165, 177

ring modulation (RM) 58

Russolo, L. 2

saturation 57–58

sawtooth see oscillator

scalable-vector graphics (SVG) 110

scheduling 94

SCOPE 83, 85

segmentation fault 198, 231, 236

sequencer 13, 82, 137

short-time Fourier transform (STFT) 37

signal flow graph 22, 52

sine wave see oscillator

soft clipping see saturation

software development kit (SDK) xi, 8

spectral rolloff 10, 46

square wave see oscillator

state variable filter (SVF) 165, 177

step sequencer 13

stochastic process 63

Stockhausen, K. 2

switch 77, 113

table lookup see look-up table (LUT)

tags 103, 257

template class 53

template patch 74, 84

tremolo 13, 60

triangle wave see oscillator

trigger signal 6, 12, 80

Välimäki, V. 185, 193, 262

VCV Rack: building 100; menu 75, 77, 113; third party modules 74, 258

versioning see git

vibrato 63, 84

virtual studio technology (VST) 74, 91–92

vocoder 10

Volt/octave control (V/oct) 62, 79

voltage-controlled amplifier (VCA) 12, 60, 81

voltage-controlled filter (VCF) 5, 81

voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) 8, 62

wah 174

wavefolder 206

waveform, drawing 229

waveshaping 11, 54, 215, 242

west-coast 6

widget 99, 113, 217; see also ModuleWidget