CAE China Academy of Engineering

CAS China Academy of Sciences

CASS China Academy of Social Sciences

CPC Communist Party of China

GDP Gross Domestic Product

HEI Higher Education Institution

HSBC Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation

HSK Hanyu Shuiping Kaoshi (Chinese language qualifying test)

MOE Ministry of Education

MOP Ministry of Personnel

NOCFL China National Office for Teaching Chinese as a Foreign Language

UNCEE Unified National College Entrance Examination

NPC National People’s Congress

NBSC National Bureau of Statistics of China

PRC People’s Republic of China

SCCAD State Council Committee on Academic Degrees

SEDC State Education Commission

UN United Nations

UNESCO United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization