Bibliography

1 Adobe Systems Incorporated. Adobe Type 1 Font Format. Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA, USA, 1990. ISBN 0-201-57044-0.

The “black book” contains the specifications for Adobe’s Type 1 font format and describes how to create a Type 1 font program. The book explains the specifics of the Type 1 syntax (a subset of PostScript), including information on the structure of font programs, ways to specify computer outlines, and the contents of the various font dictionaries. It also covers encryption, subroutines, and hints.

http://partners.adobe.com/public/developer/en/font/T1_SPEC.PDF

2 Adobe Systems Incorporated. “PostScript document structuring conventions specification (version 3.0)”. Technical Note 5001, 1992.

This technical note defines a standard set of document structuring conventions (DSC), which will help ensure that a PostScript document is device independent. DSC allows PostScript language programs to communicate their document structure and printing requirements to document managers in a way that does not affect the PostScript language page description.

http://partners.adobe.com/public/developer/en/ps/5001.DSC_Spec.pdf

3 Adobe Systems Incorporated. “Encapsulated PostScript file format specification (version 3.0)”. Technical Note 5002, 1992.

This technical note details the Encapsulated PostScript file (EPSF) format, a standard format for importing and exporting PostScript language files among applications in a variety of heterogeneous environments. The EPSF format is based on and conforms to the document structuring conventions (DSC) [2].

http://partners.adobe.com/public/developer/en/ps/5002.EPSF_Spec.pdf

4 Adobe Systems Incorporated. PostScript Language Reference. Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA, USA, 3rd edition, 1999. ISBN 0-201-37922-8.

The “red book” can be considered the definitive resource for all PostScript programmers. It contains the complete description of the PostScript language, including the latest Level 3 operators.

http://www.adobe.com/products/postscript/pdfs/PLRM.pdf

5 Adobe Systems Incorporated. PDF Reference, version 1.4. Addison-Wesley, Boston, MA, USA, 3rd edition, 2002. ISBN 0-201-75839-3.

The specification of Adobe’s Portable Document Format (PDF). The book introduces and explains all aspects of the PDF format, including its architecture and imaging model (allowing transparency and opacity for text, images, and graphics), the command syntax, the graphics operators, fonts and rendering, and the relation between PostScript and PDF.

http://partners.adobe.com/asn/acrobat/docs/File_Format_Specifications/PDFReference.pdf

6 American Mathematical Society, Providence, Rhode Island. Instructions for Preparation of Papers and Monographs: AMS-LaTeX, 1999.

This document contains instructions for authors preparing articles and books, using LaTeX, for publication with the American Mathematical Society (AMS) to match its publication style specifications: journals (amsart), proceedings volumes (amsproc), and monographs (amsbook).

ftp://ftp.ams.org/pub/author-info/documentation/amsLaTeX/instr-l.pdf

7 American Mathematical Society, Providence, Rhode Island. Using the amsthm Package (Version 2.07), 2000.

The amsthm package provides an enhanced version of LaTeX’s ewtheorem command for defining theorem-like environments, recognizing heoremstyle specifications and providing a proof environment.

ftp://ftp.ams.org/pub/tex/doc/amscls/amsthdoc.pdf

8 American Mathematical Society, Providence, Rhode Island. User’s Guide for the amsmath Package (Version 2.0), 2002.

The amsmath package, developed by the American Mathematical Society, provides many additional features for mathematical typesetting.

http://www.ams.org/tex/amsLaTeX.html

9 American Mathematical Society, Providence, Rhode Island. User’s Guide to AMSFonts Version 2.2d, 2002.

This document describes AMSFonts, the American Mathematical Society’s collection of fonts of symbols and several alphabets.

http://www.ams.org/tex/amsfonts.html

10 J. André and Ph. Louarn. “Notes en bas de pages : comment les faire en LaTeX?” Cahiers GUTenberg, 12:57–70, 1991.

Several special cases of using footnotes with LaTeX are discussed—for example, how to generate a footnote referring to information inside a tabular or minipage environment, and how to reference the same footnote more than once.

http://www.gutenberg.eu.org/pub/GUTenberg/publicationsPDF/12-louarn.pdf

11 Michael Barr. “A new diagram package”, 2001.

A rewrite of Michael Barr’s original diagram package to act as a front end to Rose’s xypic (see [57, Chapter 5]). It offers a general arrow-drawing function; various common diagram shapes, such as squares, triangles, cubes, and 3 × 3 diagrams; small 2-arrows that can be placed anywhere in a diagram; and access to all of xypic’s features.

On CTAN at: macros/generic/diagrams/barr

12 Claudio Beccari and Apostolos Syropoulos. “New Greek fonts and the greek option of the babel package”. TUGboat, 19(4):419–425, 1998.

Describes a new complete set of Greek fonts and their use in connection with the babel greek extension.

http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb19-4/tb61becc.pdf

13 Nelson Beebe. “Bibliography prettyprinting and syntax checking”. TUGboat, 14(4):395–419, 1993.

This article describes three software tools for BibTeX support: a pretty-printer, syntax checker, and lexical analyzer for BibTeX files; collectively called bibclean.

http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb14-4/tb41beebe.pdf

14 Barbara Beeton. “Mathematical symbols and Cyrillic fonts ready for distribution”. TUGboat, 6(2):59–63, 1985.

The announcement of the first general release by the American Mathematical Society of the Euler series fonts.

http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb06-2/tb11beet.pdf

15 Frank G. Bennett, Jr. “CAMEL: kicking over the bibliographic traces in BibTeX”. TUGboat, 17(1):22–28, 1996.

The camel package provides a simple, logical citation interface for LaTeX that allows the bibliographic style of a document to be easily changed without major editing.

http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb17-1/tb50benn.pdf

16 Frank G. Bennett, Jr. “User’s guide to the camel citator”, 1997.

The documentation for version 1 of the camel package.

On CTAN at: macros/LaTeX/contrib/camel

17 A. Berdnikov, O. Lapko, M. Kolodin, A. Janishevsky, and A. Burykin. “Cyrillic encodings for LaTeX2ε multi-language documents”. TUGboat, 19(4):403–416, 1998.

A description of four encodings designed to support Cyrillic writing systems for the multi-language mode of LaTeX2ε. The “raw” X2 encoding is a Cyrillic glyph container that allows one to insert into LaTeX2ε documents text fragments written in any of the languages using a modern Cyrillic writing scheme. The T2A, T2B, and T2C encodings are genuine LaTeX2ε encodings that may be used in a multi-language setting together with other language encodings.

http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb19-4/tb61berd.pdf

18 Karl Berry. “Filenames for fonts”. TUGboat, 11(4):517–520, 1990.

This article describes the consistent, rational scheme for font file names that was used for at least the next 15 years. Each name consists of up to eight characters (specifying the foundry, typeface name, weight, variant, expansion characteristics, and design size) that identify each font file in a unique way.

http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb11-4/tb30berry.pdf

19 Karl Berry. “Fontname: Filenames for TeX fonts”, 2003.

The on-line documentation of the latest version of “Fontname”, a scheme for TeX font file names; it explains some legal issues relating to fonts in a number of countries.

http://www.tug.org/fontname/html/index.html

20 Javier Bezos. “The accents package”, 2000.

Miscellaneous tools for mathematical accents: to create faked accents from non-accent symbols, to group accents, and to place accents below glyphs.

On CTAN at: macros/LaTeX/contrib/bezos

21 The Bluebook: A Uniform System of Citation. The Harvard Law Review Association, Cambridge, MA, 17th edition, 2000.

The Bluebook contains three major parts: part 1 details general standards of citation and style to be used in legal writing; part 2 presents specific rules of citation for cases, statutes, books, periodicals, foreign materials, and international materials; and part 3 consists of a series of tables showing, among other things, which authority to cite and how to abbreviate properly.

Can be ordered at: http://www.legalbluebook.com

22 Francis Borceux. “De la construction de diagrammes”. Cahiers GUTenberg, 5:41–48, 1990.

The diagram macros typeset diagrams consisting of arrows of different types that join at corners that can contain mathematical expressions. The macros calculate automatically the length and position of each element. The user can specify a scaling factor for each diagram.

http://www.gutenberg.eu.org/pub/GUTenberg/publicationsPDF/5-borceux.pdf

23 Francis Borceux. “Diagram 3”, 1993.

Commutative diagram package that uses LaTeX picture mode.

On CTAN at: macros/generic/diagrams/borceux

24 Thierry Bouche. “Diversity in math fonts”. TUGboat, 19(2):120–134, 1998.

Issues raised when modifying LaTeX fonts within math environments are examined. An attempt is made to suggest effective means of accessing a larger variety of font options, while avoiding typographic nonsense.

http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb19-2/tb59bouc.pdf

25 Johannes Braams. “Babel, a multilingual style-option system for use with LaTeX’s standard document styles”. TUGboat, 12(2):291–301, 1991.

The babel package was originally a collection of document-style options to support different languages. An update was published in TUGboat, 14(1):60–62, April 1993.

http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb12-2/tb32braa.pdf
http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb14-1/tb38braa.pdf

26 Neil Bradley. The XML Companion. Addison-Wesley, Boston, MA, USA, 3rd edition, 2002. ISBN 0-201-77059-8.

This book provides a description of XML features without assuming knowledge of HTML or SGML, covering also related standards such as Xpath, XML Schema, SAX, DOM, XSLT, Xlink, and Xpointer.

27 Peter Breitenlohner et al. “The eTeX manual (version 2)”, 1998.

The current manual for the eTeX system, which extends the capabilities of TeX while retaining compatibility.

On CTAN at: systems/e-tex/v2/doc/etex_man.pdf

28 Robert Bringhurst. The elements of typographic style. Hartley & Marks Publishers, Point Roberts, WA, USA, and Vancouver, BC, Canada, 2nd edition, 1996. ISBN 0-88179-133-4 (hardcover), 0-88179-132-6 (paperback).

A very well-written book on typography with a focus on the proper use of typefaces.

29 Judith Butcher. Copy-editing: The Cambridge handbook for editors, authors and publishers. Cambridge University Press, New York, 3rd edition, 1992. ISBN 0-521-40074-0.

A reference guide for all those involved in the process of preparing typescripts and illustrations for printing and publication. The book covers all aspects of the editorial process, from the basics of how to mark a typescript for the designer and the typesetter, through the ground rules of house style and consistency, to how to read and correct proofs.

30 David Carlisle. “A LaTeX tour, Part 1: The basic distribution”. TUGboat, 17(1):67–73, 1996.

A “guided tour” around the files in the basic LaTeX distribution. File names and paths relate to the file hierarchy of the CTAN archives.

http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb17-1/tb50carl.pdf

31 David Carlisle. “A LaTeX tour, Part 2: The tools and graphics distributions”. TUGboat, 17(3):321–326, 1996.

A “guided tour” around the “tools” and “graphics” packages. Note that The Manual [104] assumes that at least the graphics distribution is available with standard LaTeX.

http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb17-3/tb52carl.pdf

32 David Carlisle. “A LaTeX tour, Part 3: mfnfss, psnfss and babel”. TUGboat, 18(1):48–55, 1997.

A “guided tour” through three more distributions that are part of the standard LaTeX system. The mfnfss distribution provides LaTeX support for some popular METAFONT-produced fonts that do not otherwise have any LaTeX interface. The psnfss distribution consists of LaTeX packages giving access to PostScript fonts. The babel distribution provides LaTeX with multilingual capabilities.

http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb18-1/tb54carl.pdf

33 David Carlisle. “OpenMath, MathML, and XSL”. SIGSAM Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on Symbolic and Algebraic Manipulation), 34(2):6–11, 2000.

Discussion of XML markup for mathematics—in particular, OpenMath and MathML—and the use of XSLT to transform between these languages.

Restricted to ACM members; http://www.acm.org/sigsam/bulletin/issues/issue132.html

34 David Carlisle. “XMLTEX: A non validating (and not 100% conforming) namespace aware XML parser implemented in TeX”. TUGboat, 21(3):193–199, 2000.

XMLTEX is a an XML parser and typesetter implemented in TeX, which by default uses the LaTeX kernel to provide typesetting functionality.

http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb21-3/tb68carl.pdf

35 David Carlisle, Patrick Ion, Robert Miner, and Nico Poppelier, editors. Mathematical Markup Language (MathML) Version 2.0. W3C, 2nd edition, 2003.

MathML is an XML vocabulary for mathematics, designed for use in browsers and as a communication language between computer algebra systems.

http://www.w3.org/TR/MathML2

36 David Carlisle, Chris Rowley, and Frank Mittelbach. “The LaTeX3 Programming Language—a proposed system for TeX macro programming”. TUGboat, 18(4):303–308, 1997.

Some proposals for a radically new syntax and software tools.

http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb18-4/tb57rowl.pdf

37 Pehong Chen and Michael A. Harrison. “Index preparation and processing”. Software—Practice and Experience, 19(9):897–915, 1988.

A description of the makeindex system.

38 The Chicago Manual of Style. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, IL, USA, 15th edition, 2003. ISBN 0-226-10403-6.

The standard U.S. publishing style reference for authors and editors.

39 Adrian F. Clark. “Practical halftoning with TeX”. TUGboat, 12(1):157–165, 1991.

Reviews practical problems encountered when using TeX for typesetting half-tone pictures and compares other techniques to include graphics material. Advantages and disadvantages of the various approaches are described and some attempts at producing color separations are discussed.

http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb12-1/tb31clark.pdf

40 Matthias Clasen and Ulrik Vieth. “Towards a new math font encoding for (La)TeX”. Cahiers GUTenberg, 28–29:94–121, 1998.

A prototype implementation of 8-bit math font encodings for LaTeX.

http://www.gutenberg.eu.org/pub/GUTenberg/publicationsPDF/28-29-clasen.pdf

41 Carl Dair. Design with Type. University of Toronto Press, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, 1967. ISBN 0-8020-1426-7 (hardcover), 0-8020-6519-8 (paperback).

A good survey of traditional typography with many useful rules of thumb.

42 Michael Downes. “Breaking equations”. TUGboat, 18(3):182–194, 1997.

TeX is not very good at displaying equations that must be broken into more than one line. The breqn package eliminates many of the most significant problems by supporting automatic line breaking of displayed equations.

http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb18-3/tb56down.pdf

43 Michael Downes. “The amsrefs LaTeX package and the amsxport BibTeX style”. TUGboat, 21(3):201–209, 2000.

Bibliography entries using the amsrefs format provide a rich internal structure and high-level markup close to that traditionally found in BibTeX database files. On top of that, using amsrefs markup lets you specify the bibliography style completely in a LaTeX document class file.

http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb21-3/tb68down.pdf

44 Dudenredaktion, editor. Duden, Rechtschreibung der deutschen Sprache. Dudenverlag, Mannheim, 21st edition, 1996. ISBN 3-411-04011-4.

The standard reference for the correct spelling of all words of contemporary German and for hyphenation rules, with examples and explanations for difficult cases, and a comparison of the old and new orthographic rules.

45 Victor Eijkhout. TeX by Topic, A TeXnician’s Reference. Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA, USA, 1991. ISBN 0-201-56882-9. Out of print. Available free of charge from the author in PDF format.

A systematic reference manual for the experienced TeX user. The book offers a comprehensive treatment of every aspect of TeX, with detailed explanations of the mechanisms underlying TeX’s working, as well as numerous examples of TeX programming techniques.

http://www.eijkhout.net/tbt

46 Robin Fairbairns. “UK list of TeX frequently asked questions on the Web”, 2003.

This list of Frequently Asked Questions on TeX was originated by the Committee of the U.K. TeX Users’ Group; it has well over 300 entries and is regularly updated and expanded.

http://www.tex.ac.uk/faq

47 Laurence Finston. “Spindex—Indexing with special characters”. TUGboat, 18(4):255–273, 1997.

Common Lisp indexing program and supporting TeX macros for indexes that include non-Latin characters.

http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb18-4/tb57fins.pdf

48 Shinsaku Fujita and Nobuya Tanaka. “XyMTeX (Version 2.00) as implementation of the notation and the markup language”. TUGboat, 21(1):7–14, 2000.

A description of version 2 of the XyMTeX system, which can be regarded as a linear notation system expressed in TeX macros that corresponds to the IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry) nomenclature. It provides a convenient method for drawing complicated structural formulas.

http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb21-1/tb66fuji.pdf

49 Shinsaku Fujita and Nobuya Tanaka. “Size reduction of chemical structural formulas in XyMTeX (Version 3.00)”. TUGboat, 22(4):285–289, 2001.

Further improvements to the XyMTeX system, in particular in the area of size reduction of structural formulas.

http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb22-4/tb72fuji.pdf

50 Rei Fukui. “TIPA: A system for processing phonetic symbols in LaTeX”. TUGboat, 17(2):102–114, 1996.

TIPA is a system for processing symbols of the International Phonetic Alphabet with LaTeX. It introduces a new encoding for phonetic symbols (T3), which includes all the symbols and diacritics found in the recent versions of IPA as well as some non-IPA symbols. It has full support for LaTeX2ε and offers an easy input method in the IPA environment.

http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb17-2/tb51rei.pdf

51 Bernard Gaulle. “Comment peut-on personnaliser l’extension french de LaTeX?” Cahiers GUTenberg, 28–29:143–157, 1998.

Describes how to personalize the french package.

http://www.gutenberg.eu.org/pub/GUTenberg/publicationsPDF/28-29-gaulle.pdf

52 Maarten Gelderman. “A short introduction to font characteristics”. TUGboat, 20(2):96–104, 1999.

This paper provides a description of the main aspects used to describe a font, its basic characteristics, elementary numerical dimensions to access properties of a typeface design, and the notion of “contrast”.

http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb20-2/tb63geld.pdf

53 Charles F. Goldfarb. The SGML Handbook. Oxford University Press, London, Oxford, New York, 1990. ISBN 0-19-853737-9.

The full text of the ISO SGML standard [68] copiously annotated by its author, and several tutorials.

54 Norbert Golluch. Kleinweich Büro auf Schlabberscheiben. Eichborn, Frankfurt, 1999.

Tecknisches Deutsch für Angefangen.

55 Michel Goossens, Frank Mittelbach, and Alexander Samarin. The LaTeX Companion. Tools and Techniques for Computer Typesetting. Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA, USA, 1994. ISBN 0-201-54199-8.

The first edition of this book.

56 Michel Goossens and Sebastian Rahtz. The LaTeX Web Companion: Integrating TeX, HTML, and XML. Tools and Techniques for Computer Typesetting. Addison-Wesley Longman, Reading, MA, USA, 1999. ISBN 0-201-43311-7. With Eitan M. Gurari, Ross Moore, and Robert S. Sutor.

This book teaches (scientific) authors how to publish on the web or other hypertext presentation systems, building on their experience with LaTeX and taking into account their specific needs in fields such as mathematics, non-European languages, and algorithmic graphics. The book explains how to make full use of the Adobe Acrobat format from LaTeX, convert legacy documents to HTML or XML, make use of math in web applications, use LaTeX as a tool in preparing web pages, read and write simple XML/SGML, and produce high-quality printed pages from web-hosted XML or HTML pages using TeX or PDF.

57 Michel Goossens, Sebastian Rahtz, and Frank Mittelbach. The LaTeX Graphics Companion: Illustrating Documents with TeX and PostScript. Tools and Techniques for Computer Typesetting. Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA, USA, 1997. ISBN 0-201-85469-4.

The book shows how to incorporate graphic files into a LaTeX document, program technical diagrams using several different languages, produce color pictures, achieve special effects with fragments of embedded PostScript, and make high-quality music scores and game diagrams. It also contains detailed descriptions of important packages such as xypic, pstricks, and MetaPost, the standard LaTeX color and graphics packages, PostScript fonts and how to use them in LaTeX, and the dvips and ghostscript programs.

58 Michel Goossens and Vesa Sivunen. “LaTeX, SVG, Fonts”. TUGboat, 22(4):269–279, 2001.

A short overview of SVG and its advantages for portable graphics content, conversion of PostScript glyph outlines to SVG outlines, and the use of SVG glyphs in TeX documents.

http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb22-4/tb72goos.pdf

59 Ronald L. Graham, Donald E. Knuth, and Oren Patashnik. Concrete Mathematics. Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA, USA, 2nd edition, 1994. ISBN 0-201-55802-5.

A mathematics textbook prepared with TeX using the Concrete Roman typeface; see also [92].

60 George Grätzer. Math into LaTeX. Birkhäuser and Springer-Verlag, Cambridge, MA, USA; Berlin, Germany/Basel, Switzerland, and Berlin, Germany/Heidelberg, Germany/London, UK/etc., 3rd edition, 2000. ISBN 0-8176-4131-9, 3-7643-4131-9.

Provides a general introduction to LaTeX as used to prepare mathematical books and articles. Covers AMS document classes and packages in addition to the basic LaTeX offerings.

61 George D. Greenwade. “The Comprehensive TeX Archive Network (CTAN)”. TUGboat, 14(3):342–351, 1993.

An outline of the conception, development, and early use of the CTAN archive, which makes all TeX-related files available on the network.

http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb14-3/tb40green.pdf

62 Yannis Haralambous. “Typesetting old German: Fraktur, Schwabacher, Gotisch and initials”. TUGboat, 12(1):129–138, 1991.

Demonstrates the use of METAFONT to recreate faithful copies of old-style typefaces and explains the rules for typesetting using these types, with examples.

http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb12-1/tb31hara.pdf

63 Horace Hart. Hart’s Rules; For Compositors and Readers at the University Press, Oxford. Oxford University Press, London, Oxford, New York, 39th edition, 1991. ISBN 0-19-212983-X.

A widely used U.K. reference for authors and editors. With the Oxford Dictionary for Writers and Editors it presents the canonical house style of the Oxford University Press. See also [143].

64 Alan Hoenig. TeX Unbound: LaTeX and TeX Strategies for Fonts, Graphics, & More. Oxford University Press, London, Oxford, New York, 1998. ISBN 0-19-509686-X (paperback), 0-19-509685-1 (hardcover).

The first part of this book provides a brief but comprehensive overview of TeX, LaTeX, METAFONT, and MetaPost, with particular emphasis on how everything fits together, how the production cycle works, and what kinds of files are involved. The second part is devoted to details of fonts and their use in TeX. Of particular interest are 30 pages of examples showing how various combinations of well-known text typefaces might be used together with the few choices of math fonts currently available. The final part of the book discusses graphics applications—in particular, TeX-friendly methods such as METAFONT and MetaPost, the pstricks package, PiCTeX, and MFpic.

65 Berthold K. P. Horn. “The European Modern fonts”. TUGboat, 19(1):62–63, 1998.

The European Modern (EM) fonts are Type 1 fonts based on Computer Modern (CM) that have ready-made accented and composite characters, thus enabling TeX hyphenation when using languages that use such characters.

http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb19-1/tb58horn.pdf

66 Jean-Michel Hufflen. “Typographie: les conventions, la tradition, les goûts,..., et LaTeX”. Cahiers GUTenberg, 35–36:169–214, 2000.

This article shows that learning typographic rules—even considering those for French and English together—is not all that difficult. It also teaches the basics of using the LaTeX packages french (for French only) and babel (allowing a homogeneous treatment of most other languages). Finally, the author shows how to build a new multilingual document class and bibliography style.

http://www.gutenberg.eu.org/pub/GUTenberg/publicationsPDF/35-hufflen.pdf

67 “ISO/IEC 8859-1:1998 to ISO/IEC 8859-16:2001, Information technology—8-bit single-byte coded graphic character sets, Parts 1 to 16”. International Standard ISO/IEC 8859, ISO Geneva, 1998–2001.

A description of various 8-bit alphabetic character sets. Parts 1–4, 9, 10, and 13–16 correspond to 10 character sets needed to encode different groups of languages using the Latin alphabet, while part 5 corresponds to Cyrillic, part 6 to Arabic, part 7 to Greek, part 8 to Hebrew, and part 11 to Thai.

68 “ISO 8879:1986, Information Processing—Text and Office Systems—Standard Generalised Markup Language (SGML)”. International Standard ISO 8879, ISO Geneva, 1986.

The—not always easy to read—ISO standard describing the SGML language in full technical detail. An addendum was published in 1988 and two corrigenda in 1996 and 1999. See [53] for an annotated description.

69 “ISO/IEC 10646-1:2000, Information technology—Universal Multiple-Octet Coded Character Set (UCS)—Part 1: Architecture and Basic Multilingual Plane”. International Standard ISO 10646-1 (Edition 2), ISO Geneva, 2000.

This standard specifies the architecture of the Universal Multiple-Octet Coded Character Set (UCS). This 32-bit character encoding standard is for all practical purposes identical to the Unicode standard; see [165]. The layout of the Basic Multilingual Plane (plane 0 or BMP) is described in detail. An amendment in 2002 added mathematical symbols and other characters.

70 “ISO/IEC 10646-2:2001, Information technology—Universal Multiple-Octet Coded Character Set (UCS)—Part 2: Supplementary Planes”. International Standard ISO 10646-2, ISO Geneva, 2001.

Complementing [69], which describes plane 0 (BMP) of the UCS, the present standard details the layout of the supplementary planes; see also [165].

71 “ISO/IEC 14651:2001, Information technology—International string ordering and comparison—Method for comparing character strings and description of the common template tailorable ordering”. International Standard ISO/IEC 14651:2001, ISO Geneva, 2001.

72 Alan Jeffrey. “PostScript font support in LaTeX2ε”. TUGboat, 15(3):263–268, 1994.

Describes the original psnfss distribution for using PostScript fonts with LaTeX.

http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb15-3/tb44jeff.pdf

73 Alan Jeffrey. “Tight setting with TeX”. TUGboat, 16(1):78–80, 1995.

Describes some experiments with setting text matter in TeX using Adobe Times, a very tightly spaced text font.

http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb16-1/tb46jeff.pdf

74 Alan Jeffrey and Rowland McDonnell. “fontinst: Font installation software for TeX”, 1998.

This utility package supports the creation of complex virtual fonts in any encoding for use with LaTeX, particularly from collections of PostScript fonts.

On CTAN at: fonts/utilities/fontinst/doc/manual

75 Alan Jeffrey, Sebastian Rahtz, Ulrik Vieth, and Lars Hellström. “The fontinst utility”, 2003.

Technical description of the fontinst utility.

On CTAN at: fonts/utilities/fontinst/source/fisource.dvi

76 Roger Kehr. “xindy—A flexible indexing system”. Cahiers GUTenberg, 28–29:223–230, 1998.

A new index processor, xindy, is described. It allows for sorting of index entries at a fine granularity in a multi-language environment, offers new mechanisms for processing structured location references besides page numbers and Roman numerals, and has provisions for complex markup schemes.

http://www.gutenberg.eu.org/pub/GUTenberg/publicationsPDF/28-29-kehr.pdf

77 Brian W. Kernighan. “pic—A graphics language for typesetting”. Computing Science Technical Report 116, AT&T Bell Laboratories, 1991.

The user manual for the pic language, which is intended for drawing simple figures on a typesetter. The basic objects of the language are boxes, circles, ellipses, lines, arrows, spline curves, and text. These may be placed at any position, specified either in an absolute way or with respect to previous objects.

http://cm.bell-labs.com/cm/cs/cstr/116.ps.gz

78 Jörg Knappen. “Release 1.2 of the dc-fonts: Improvements to the European letters and first release of text companion symbols”. TUGboat, 16(4):381–387, 1995.

Description of the DC fonts, which were precursors of the EC fonts, which themselves are the default fonts for the T1 encoding of LaTeX.

http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb16-4/tb49knap.pdf

79 Jörg Knappen. “The dc fonts 1.3: Move towards stability and completeness”. TUGboat, 17(2):99–101, 1996.

A follow-up article to [78]. It explains the progress made in version 1.3 in the areas of stability and completeness.

http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb17-2/tb51knap.pdf

80 Donald E. Knuth. TeX and METAFONT—New Directions in Typesetting. Digital Press, 12 Crosby Drive, Bedford, MA 01730, USA, 1979. ISBN 0-932376-02-9.

Contains an article on “Mathematical Typography”, describing the author’s motivation for starting to work on TeX and the early history of computer typesetting. Describes early (now obsolete) versions of TeX and METAFONT.

81 Donald E. Knuth. “Literate programming”. Report STAN-CS-83-981, Stanford University, Department of Computer Science, Stanford, CA, USA, 1983.

A collection of papers on styles of programming and documentation.

http://www.literateprogramming.com/farticles.html.

82 Donald E. Knuth. The TeXbook, volume A of Computers and Typesetting. Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA, USA, 1986. ISBN 0-201-13447-0.

The definitive user’s guide and complete reference manual for TeX.

83 Donald E. Knuth. TeX: The Program, volume B of Computers and Typesetting. Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA, USA, 1986. ISBN 0-201-13437-3.

The complete source code for the TeX program, typeset with several indices.

84 Donald E. Knuth. The METAFONTbook, volume C of Computers and Typesetting. Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA, USA, 1986. ISBN 0-201-13445-4 (hardcover), 0-201-13444-6 (paperback).

The user’s guide and reference manual for METAFONT, the companion program to TeX for designing fonts.

85 Donald E. Knuth. METAFONT: The Program, volume D of Computers and Typesetting. Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA, USA, 1986. ISBN 0-201-13438-1.

The complete source code listing of the METAFONT program.

86 Donald E. Knuth. Computer Modern Typefaces, volume E of Computers and Typesetting. Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA, USA, 1986. ISBN 0-201-13446-2.

More than 500 Greek and Roman letterforms, together with punctuation marks, numerals, and many mathematical symbols, are graphically depicted. The METAFONT code to generate each glyph is given and it is explained how, by changing the parameters in the METAFONT code, all characters in the Computer Modern family of typefaces can be obtained.

87 Donald E. Knuth. 3:16 Bible texts illuminated. A-R Editions, Inc., Madison, Wisconsin, 1990. ISBN 0-89579-252-4.

Analysis of Chapter 3 Verse 16 of each book of the Bible. Contains wonderful calligraphy.

88 Donald E. Knuth. The Art of Computer Programming, vols 1–3. Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA, USA, 1998. ISBN 0-201-89683-4, 0-201-03822-6, 0-201-03803-X.

A major work on algorithms and data structures for efficient programming.

89 Donald E. Knuth. Digital Typography. CSLI Publications, Stanford, CA, USA, 1999. ISBN 1-57586-011-2 (cloth), 1-57586-010-4 (paperback).

A collection of Knuth’s writings on TeX and typography.

90 Donald E. Knuth. “Mathematical typography”. In Knuth [89], pp. 19–65.

Based on a lecture he gave in 1978, Knuth makes the point that mathematics books and journals do not look as beautiful now as they did in the past. As this is mainly due to the fact that high-quality typesetting has become too expensive, he proposes to use mathematics itself to solve the problem. As a first step he sees the development of a method to unambiguously mark up the math elements in a document so that they can be easily handled by machines. The second step is to use mathematics to design the shapes of letters and symbols. The article goes into the details of these two approaches.

91 Donald E. Knuth. “Virtual fonts: More fun for grand wizards”. In Knuth [89], pp. 247–262. Originally published in TUGboat 11(1):13–23, 1990.

An explanation of what virtual fonts are and why they are needed, plus technical details.

On CTAN at: info/virtual-fonts.knuth
http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb11-1/tb27knut.pdf

92 Donald E. Knuth. “Typesetting concrete mathematics”. In Knuth [89], pp. 367–378. Originally published in TUGboat 10(1):31–36, 1989.

Knuth explains how he prepared the textbook Concrete Mathematics. He states that he wanted to make that book both mathematically and typographically “interesting”, since it would be the first major use of Herman Zapf’s new typeface, AMS Euler. The font parameters were tuned up to make the text look as good as that produced by the best handwriting of a mathematician. Other design decisions for the book are also described.

http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb10-1/tb26knut.pdf

93 Donald E. Knuth. “Fonts for digital halftones”. In Knuth [89], pp. 415–448. Originally published in TUGboat 8(2):135–160, 1987.

This article discusses some experiments in which METAFONT was used to create fonts to generate half-tones on laser printers. The methods also proved useful in several other applications, while their design involved a number of interesting issues.

http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb08-2/tb18knut.pdf

94 Donald E. Knuth. “Computers and typesetting”. In Knuth [89], pp. 555–562. Originally published in TUGboat 7(2):95–98, 1986.

Remarks presented by Knuth at the Computer Museum, Boston, Massachusetts, on 21 May 1986, at the “coming-out” party to celebrate the completion of TeX.

http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb07-2/tb14knut.pdf

95 Donald E. Knuth. “The new versions of TeX and METAFONT”. In Knuth [89], pp. 563–570. Originally published in TUGboat 10(3):325–328, 1989.

Knuth explains how he was convinced at the TUG Meeting at Stanford in 1989 to make one further set of changes to TeX and METAFONT to extend these programs to support 8-bit character sets. He goes on to describe the various changes he introduced to implement this feature, as well as a few other improvements.

http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb10-3/tb25knut.pdf

96 Donald E. Knuth. “The future of TeX and METAFONT”. In Knuth [89], pp. 571–572. Originally published in TUGboat 11(4):489, 1990.

In this article Knuth announces that his work on TeX, METAFONT, and Computer Modern has “come to an end” and that he will make further changes only to correct extremely serious bugs.

http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb11-4/tb30knut.pdf

97 Donald E. Knuth and Pierre MacKay. “Mixing right-to-left texts with left-to-right texts”. In Knuth [89], pp. 157–176. Originally published in TUGboat 8(1):14–25, 1987.

TeX was initially designed to produce documents with material flowing left-to-right and top-to-bottom. This paper clarifies the issues involved in mixed-direction document production and discusses changes to TeX that can extend it to become a bidirectional formatting system.

http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb08-1/tb17knutmix.pdf

98 Donald E. Knuth and Michael F. Plass. “Breaking paragraphs into lines”. In Knuth [89], pp. 67–155.

This article, originally published in 1981, addresses the problem of dividing the text of a paragraph into lines of approximately equal length. The basic algorithm considers the paragraph as a whole and introduces the (now well-known TeX) concepts of “boxes”, “glue”, and “penalties” to find optimal breakpoints for the lines. The paper describes the dynamic programming technique used to implement the algorithm.

99 Donald E. Knuth and Hermann Zapf. “AMS Euler—A new typeface for mathematics”. In Knuth [89], pp. 339–366.

The two authors explain, in this article originally published in 1989, how a collaboration between scientists and artists is helping to bring beauty to the pages of mathematical journals and textbooks.

100 Markus Kohm and Jens-Uwe Morawski. KOMA-Script: eine Sammlung von Klassen und Paketen für LaTeX2ε. DANTE, Heidelberg, 2003. ISBN 3-936427-45-3.

KOMA-Script is a bundle of LaTeX classes and packages that can be used as replacements for the standard LaTeX classes offering extended functionalities. German and English manuals are provided as part of the distribution.

On CTAN at: macros/LaTeX/contrib/koma-script/scrguide.pdf

101 Helmut Kopka and Patrick Daly. Guide to LaTeX. Tools and Techniques for Computer Typesetting. Addison-Wesley, Boston, MA, USA, 4th edition, 2004. ISBN 0-201-17385-6.

An introductory guide to LaTeX with a different pedagogical style than Lamport’s LaTeX Manual [104].

102 Klaus Lagally. “ArabTeX—Typesetting Arabic with vowels and ligatures”. In “Proceedings of the 7th European TeX Conference, Prague”, pp. 153–172. CsTUG, Prague, 1992. ISBN 80-210-0480-0.

A macro package, compatible with plain TeX and LaTeX, for typesetting Arabic with both partial and full vocalization.

103 Leslie Lamport. “MakeIndex, An Index Processor For LaTeX”. Technical report, Electronic Document in MakeIndex distribution, 1987.

This document explains the syntax that can be used inside LaTeX’s index command when using MakeIndex to generate your index. It also gives a list of the possible error messages.

On CTAN at: indexing/makeindex/doc/makeindex.dvi

104 Leslie Lamport. LaTeX: A Document Preparation System: User’s Guide and Reference Manual. Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA, USA, 2nd edition, 1994. ISBN 0-201-52983-1. Reprinted with corrections in 1996.

The ultimate reference for basic user-level LaTeX by the creator of LaTeX 2.09. It complements the material presented in this book.

105 Olga Lapko and Irina Makhovaya. “The style russianb for Babel: Problems and solutions”. TUGboat, 16(4):364–372, 1995.

This paper describes the language option russianb, which includes specific commands to russify captions and alphabetic counters and to allow for Russian mathematical operators. Some problems are mentioned that may occur when using this option (i.e., with different encodings).

http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb16-4/tb49olga.pdf

106 LaTeX3 Project Team. “LaTeX bug database”.

The bug reporting and tracking service run by the LaTeX3 team as part of the LaTeX2ε maintenance activity.

http://www.LaTeX-project.org/cgi-bin/ltxbugs2html

107 LaTeX3 Project Team. “LaTeX news”.

An issue of LaTeX News is released with each LaTeX2ε release, highlighting changes since the last release.

http://www.LaTeX-project.org/ltnews/

108 LaTeX3 Project Team. “Default docstrip headers”. TUGboat, 19(2):137–138, 1998.

This document describes the format of the header that docstrip normally adds to generated package files. This header is suitable for copyright information or distribution conditions.

http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb19-2/tb59ltdocstrip.pdf

109 LaTeX3 Project Team. “LaTeX2ε font selection”, 2000.

A description of font selection in standard LaTeX intended for package writers who are already familiar with TeX fonts and LaTeX.

http://www.LaTeX-project.org/guides/fntguide.pdf

110 LaTeX3 Project Team. “Configuration options for LaTeX2ε”, 2001.

How to configure a LaTeX installation using the set of standard configuration files.

http://www.LaTeX-project.org/guides/cfgguide.pdf

111 LaTeX3 Project Team. “The LaTeX project public license (version 1.3)”, 2003.

An Open Source License used by the core LaTeX2ε distribution and many contributed packages.

http://www.LaTeX-project.org/lppl/

112 John Lavagnino and Dominik Wujastyk. “An overview of EDMAC: A plain TeX format for critical editions”. TUGboat, 11(4):623–643, 1990.

EDMAC is for typesetting of’ “critical editions” of texts such as the Oxford Classical Texts, Shakespeare, and other series. It supports marginal line numbering and multiple series of footnotes and endnotes keyed to line numbers.

http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb11-4/tb30lava.pdf

113 Werner Lemberg. “The CJK package: Multilingual support beyond Babel”. TUGboat, 18(3):214–224, 1997.

A description of the CJK (Chinese/Japanese/Korean) package for LaTeX and its interface to mule (multilingual emacs).

http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb18-3/cjkintro600.pdf

114 Silvio Levy. “Using Greek fonts with TeX”. TUGboat, 9(1):20–24, 1988.

The author tries to demonstrate that typesetting Greek in TeX with the gr family of fonts can be as easy as typesetting English text and leads to equally good results. The article is meant as a tutorial but some technical details are given for those who will have acquired greater familiarity with the font.

http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb09-1/tb20levy.pdf

115 Franklin Mark Liang. Word Hy-phen-a-tion by Com-pu-ter. Ph.D. thesis, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, 1983. Also available as Stanford University, Department of Computer Science Report No. STAN-CS-83-977.

A detailed description of the word hyphenation algorithm used by TeX.

116 Ruari McLean. The Thames and Hudson Manual of Typography. Thames and Hudson, London, UK, 1980. ISBN 0-500-68022-1.

A broad introduction to traditional commercial typography.

117 Frank Mittelbach. “E-TeX: Guidelines for future TeX”. TUGboat, 11(3):337–345, 1990.

The output of TeX is compared with that of hand-typeset documents. It is shown that many important concepts of high-quality typesetting are not supported and that further research to design a “successor” typesetting system to TeX should be undertaken.

http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb11-3/tb29mitt.pdf

118 Frank Mittelbach. “Comments on “Filenames for Fonts” (TUGboat 11#4)”. TUGboat, 13(1):51–53, 1992.

Some problems with K. Berry’s naming scheme are discussed, especially from the point of view of defining certain font characteristics independently and the use of the scheme with NFSS.

http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb13-1/tb34mittfont.pdf

119 Frank Mittelbach. “A regression test suite for LaTeX2ε”. TUGboat, 18(4):309–311, 1997.

Description of the concepts and implementation of the test suite used to test for unexpected side effects after changes to the LaTeX kernel. One of the most valuable maintenance tools for keeping LaTeX2ε stable.

http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb18-4/tb57mitt.pdf

120 Frank Mittelbach. “Language Information in Structured Documents: Markup and rendering—Concepts and problems”. In “International Symposium on Multilingual Information Processing”, pp. 93–104. Tsukuba, Japan, 1997. Invited paper. Republished in TUGboat 18(3):199–205, 1997.

This paper discusses the structure and processing of multilingual documents, both at a general level and in relation to a proposed extension to standard LaTeX.

http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb18-3/tb56lang.pdf

121 Frank Mittelbach. “Formatting documents with floats: A new algorithm for LaTeX2ε”. TUGboat, 21(3):278–290, 2000.

Descriptions of features and concepts of a new output routine for LaTeX that can handle spanning floats in multicolumn page design.

http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb21-3/tb68mittel.pdf

122 Frank Mittelbach. “The trace package”. TUGboat, 22(1/2):93–99, 2001.

A description of the trace package for controlling debugging messages from LaTeX packages.

http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb22-1-2/tb70mitt.pdf

123 Frank Mittelbach, David Carlisle, and Chris Rowley. “New interfaces for LaTeX class design, Parts I and II”. TUGboat, 20(3):214–216, 1999.

Some proposals for the first-ever interface to setting up and coding LaTeX classes.

http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb20-3/tb64carl.pdf

124 Frank Mittelbach, David Carlisle, Chris Rowley, et al. “Experimental LaTeX code for class design”.

At the TeX Users Group conference in Vancouver the LaTeX project team gave a talk on models for user-level interfaces and designer-level interfaces in LaTeX3 [123]. Most of these ideas have been implemented in prototype implementations (e.g., template design, front matter handling, output routine, galley and paragraph formatting). The source code is documented and contains further explanations and examples; see also [121].

Slides: http://www.LaTeX-project.org/papers/tug99.pdf
Code: http://www.LaTeX-project.org/code/experimental

125 Frank Mittelbach, Denys Duchier, Johannes Braams, Marcin Woliński, and Mark Wooding. “The docstrip program”, 2003. Distributed as part of the base LaTeX distribution.

Describes the implementation of the docstrip program.

On CTAN at: macros/LaTeX/base/docstrip.dtx

126 Frank Mittelbach and Chris Rowley. “LaTeX 2.09 LaTeX3”. TUGboat, 13(1):96–101, 1992.

A brief sketch of the LaTeX3 Project, retracing its history and describing the structure of the system. An update appeared in TUGboat, 13(3):390–391, October 1992. A call for volunteers to help in the development of LaTeX3 and a list of the various tasks appeared in TUGboat, 13(4):510–515, December 1992. The article also describes how you can obtain the current task list as well as various LaTeX3 working group documents via e-mail or FTP and explains how you can subscribe to the LaTeX3 discussion list.

http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb13-1/tb34mittl3.pdf

127 Frank Mittelbach and Chris Rowley. “The pursuit of quality: How can automated typesetting achieve the highest standards of craft typography?” In C. Vanoirbeek and G. Coray, editors, “EP92—Proceedings of Electronic Publishing, ‘92, International Conference on Electronic Publishing, Document Manipulation, and Typography, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Lausanne, Switzerland, April 7–10, 1992”, pp. 261–273. Cambridge University Press, New York, 1992. ISBN 0-521-43277-4.

128 Frank Mittelbach and Rainer Schöpf. “A new font selection scheme for TeX macro packages—the basic macros”. TUGboat, 10(2):222–238, 1989.

A description of the basic macros used to implement the first version of LaTeX’s New Font Selection Scheme.

http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb10-2/tb24mitt.pdf

129 Frank Mittelbach and Rainer Schöpf. “With LaTeX into the nineties”. TUGboat, 10(4):681–690, 1989.

This article proposes a reimplementation of LaTeX that preserves the essential features of the current interface while taking into account the increasing needs of the various user communities. It also formulates some ideas for further developments. It was instrumental in the move from LaTeX 2.09 to LaTeX2ε.

http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb10-4/tb26mitt.pdf

130 Frank Mittelbach and Rainer Schöpf. “Reprint: The new font family selection—User interface to standard LaTeX”. TUGboat, 11(2):297–305, 1990.

A complete description of the user interface of the first version of LaTeX’s New Font Selection Scheme.

http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb11-2/tb28mitt.pdf

131 Frank Mittelbach and Rainer Schöpf. “Towards LaTeX 3.0”. TUGboat, 12(1):74–79, 1991.

The objectives of the LaTeX3 project are described. The authors examine enhancements to LaTeX’s user and style file interfaces that are necessary to keep pace with modern developments, such as SGML. They also review some internal concepts that need revision.

http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb12-1/tb31mitt.pdf

132 Gerd Neugebauer. “BIBTOOL: A tool to manipulate BibTeX files”, 2002.

Describes the bibtool program for pretty-printing, sorting and merging of BibTeX databases, generation of uniform reference keys, and selecting of references used in a publication.

On CTAN at: biblio/bibtex/utils/bibtool/bibtool.dvi

133 O. Nicole, J. André, and B. Gaulle. “Notes en bas de pages : commentaires”. Cahiers GUTenberg, 15:46–32, 1993.

Comments, clarifications, and additions to [10].

http://www.gutenberg.eu.org/pub/GUTenberg/publicationsPDF/15-nicole.pdf

134 Scott Pakin. “The comprehensive LaTeX symbol list”, 2003.

This document lists more than 2800 symbols and the corresponding LaTeX commands that produce them. Some of these symbols are guaranteed to be available in every LaTeX2ε system; others require fonts and packages that may not accompany a given distribution and that therefore need to be installed. All of the fonts and packages described in the document are freely available from the CTAN archives. On CTAN at:

info/symbols/comprehensive/

135 Oren Patashnik. “BibTeXing”, 1988.

Together with Appendix B of The Manual [104], this describes the user interface to BibTeX with useful hints for controlling its behavior.

On CTAN at: biblio/bibtex/contrib/doc/btxdoc.pdf

136 Oren Patashnik. “Designing BibTeX styles”, 1988.

A detailed description for BibTeX style designers of the postfix stack language used inside BibTeX style files. After a general description of the language, all commands and built-in functions are reviewed. Finally, BibTeX name formatting is explained in detail.

On CTAN at: biblio/bibtex/contrib/doc/btxhak.pdf

137 John Plaice and Yannis Haralambous. “The latest developments in Ω”. TUGboat, 17(2):181–183, 1996.

The article describes ΩTimes and ΩHelvetica, public-domain virtual Times- and Helvetica-like fonts based on real PostScript fonts, called “Glyph Containers”, which will contain all necessary characters for typesetting with high TeX quality in all languages and systems using the Latin, Greek, Cyrillic, Arabic, Hebrew, and Tinagh alphabets and their derivatives. Other alphabets, such as Coptic, Armenian, and Georgian, will follow, as well as mathematical symbols, dingbats, and other character collections. Ultimately, the Ω font set will contain glyphs for the complete Unicode character set, plus some specific glyphs needed for high-quality typography.

http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb17-2/tb51omeg.pdf

138 John Plaice, Yannis Haralambous, and Chris Rowley. “A multidimensional approach to typesetting”. TUGboat, 24(1):105–114, 2004.

Outline of an approach to micro-typesetting that substantially improves on that of TeX and Ω2.0.

http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb24-1/plaice.pdf

139 Sunil Podar. “Enhancements to the picture environment of LaTeX”. Technical Report 86-17, Department of Computer Science, S.U.N.Y, 1986. Version 1.2: July 14, 1986.

This document describes some new commands for the picture environment of LaTeX, especially higher-level commands that enhance its graphic capabilities by providing a friendlier and more powerful user interface. This lets you create more sophisticated pictures with less effort than in basic LaTeX.

140 Rama Porrat. “Developments in Hebrew TeX”. In “Proceedings of the 7th European TeX Conference, Prague”, pp. 135–147. CsTUG, Prague, 1992. ISBN 80-210-0480-0.

Discussion of available software and macro packages that support typesetting in two directions, and of associated Hebrew fonts.

141 Bernd Raichle, Rolf Niepraschk, and Thomas Hafner. “DE-TeX-FAQ—Fragen und Antworten über TeX, LaTeX und DANTE e.V.”, 2003.

Frequently Asked Questions with answers about TeX and the German TeX users’ Group DANTE e.V. (in German language).

http://www.dante.de/faq/de-tex-faq

142 Brian Reid. Scribe Document Production System User Manual. Unilogic Ltd, 1984.

The manual for the system that inspired certain aspects of LaTeX.

143 Robert M. Ritter, editor. The Oxford Style Manual. Oxford University Press, London, Oxford, New York, 2003. ISBN 0-198-60564-1.

Reference work incorporating an update to Hart’s Rules [63], and the Oxford Dictionary for Writers and Editors.

144 Tomas G. Rokicki. “A proposed standard for specials”. TUGboat, 16(4):395–401, 1995.

A draft standard for the contents of TeX special commands.

http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb16-4/tb49roki.pdf

145 Tomas G. Rokicki. “Dvips: A DVI-to-PostScript Translator, Version 5.66a”, 1997.

The user guide for dvips and its accompanying programs and packages such as afm2tfm.

On CTAN at: dviware/dvips/dvips_man.pdf

146 Emmanuel Donin de Rosière. From stack removing in stack-based languages to BibTeX++. Master’s thesis, ENSTBr, 2003.

A description of BibTeX++, a bibliography section creator for LaTeX and a possible successor of BibTeX. The program can compile BibTeX .bst style files into Java code.

http://www.lit.enstb.org/~keryell/eleves/ENSTBr/2002-2003/DEA/Donin_de_Rosiere

147 Chris Rowley. “Models and languages for formatted documents”. TUGboat, 20(3):189–195, 1999.

Explores many ideas around the nature of document formatting and how these can be modeled and implemented.

http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb20-3/tb64rowl.pdf

148 Chris Rowley. “The LaTeX legacy: 2.09 and all that”. In ACM, editor, “Proceedings of the Twentieth Annual ACM Symposium on Principles of Distributed Computing 2001, Newport, Rhode Island, United States”, pp. 17–25. ACM Press, New York, NY, USA, 2001. ISBN 1-58113-383-9.

Part of a celebration for Leslie Lamport’s sixtieth birthday; a very particular account of the technical history and philosophy of TeX and LaTeX.

149 Chris A. Rowley and Frank Mittelbach. “Application-independent representation of multilingual text”. In Unicode Consortium, editor, “Europe, Software + the Internet: Going Global with Unicode: Tenth International Unicode Conference, March 10–12, 1997, Mainz, Germany”, The Unicode Consortium, San Jose, CA, 1997.

Explores the nature of text representation in computer files and the needs of a wide range of text-processing software.

http://www.LaTeX-project.org/papers/unicode5.pdf

150 Richard Rubinstein. Digital Typography—An Introduction to Type and Composition for Computer System Design. Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA, USA, 1988. ISBN 0-201-17633-5. Reprinted with corrections.

This book describes a technological approach to typography. It shows how computers can be used to design, create, and position the graphical elements used to present documents on a computer.

151 Joachim Schrod. “International LaTeX is ready to use”. TUGboat, 11(1):87–90, 1990.

Announces some of the early standards for globalization work on LaTeX.

http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb11-1/tb27schrod.pdf

152 Joachim Schrod. “An international version of MakeIndex”. Cahiers GUTenberg, 10–11:81–90, 1991.

The MakeIndex index processor is only really usable for English texts; non-English texts, especially those using non-Latin alphabets, such as Russian, Arabic, or Chinese, prove problematic. In this case the tagging of index entries is often tedious and error prone. In particular, if markup is used within the index key, an explicit sort key must be specified. This article presents a new version of MakeIndex, which uses less memory so that it can be used for the creation of very large indices. It allows the automatic creation of sort keys from index keys by user-specified mappings, and supports documents in non-Latin alphabets.

http://www.gutenberg.eu.org/pub/GUTenberg/publicationsPDF/10-schrod.pdf

153 Joachim Schrod. “The components of TeX”. MAPS, 8:81–86, 1992.

TeX needs a great number of supplementary components (files and programs) whose meanings and interactions are often unknown; the structure of a complete TeX setup is explained.

http://www.ntg.nl/maps/pdf/8_18.pdf

154 Paul Stiff. “The end of the line: A survey of unjustified typography”. Information Design Journal, 8(2):125–152, 1996.

A good overview about the typographical problems that need to be resolved when producing high-quality unjustified copy.

155 Anders Svensson. “Typesetting diagrams with kuvio.tex”, 1996.

Manual for the kuvio system for typesetting diagrams; it uses PostScript code in specials.

On CTAN at: macros/generic/diagrams/kuvio

156 Ellen Swanson. Mathematics into Type. American Mathematical Society, Providence, Rhode Island, updated edition, 1999. ISBN 0-8218-1961-5. Updated by Arlene O’Sean and Antoinette Schleyer.

Originally written as a manual to standardize copyediting procedures, the second edition is also intended for use by publishers and authors as a guide in preparing mathematics copy for the printer.

157 The TUGboat Team. “TeX Live CD 5 and the TeX Catalogue”. TUGboat, 21(1):16–90, 2000.

The TeX Live CD is a ready-to-run TeX system for the most popular operating systems; it works with all major TeX-related programs and contains a complete collection of fonts, macros, and other items with support for many languages. This article describes the TeX Live CD 5 distribution with cross-references to Graham Williams’ TeX catalogue.

http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb21-1/tb66cd.pdf
Current version: http://www.tug.org/texlive

158 Hàn Thành. “Improving TeX’s typeset layout”. TUGboat, 19(3):284–288, 1998.

This attempt to improve TeX’s typeset layout is based on the adjustment of interword spacing after the paragraphs have been broken into lines. Instead of changing only the interword spacing to justify text lines, fonts on the line are also slightly expanded to minimize excessive stretching of the interword spaces. This font expansion is implemented using horizontal scaling in PDF. By using such expansion conservatively, and by employing appropriate settings for TeX’s line-breaking and spacing parameters, this method can improve the appearance of TeX’s typeset layout.

http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb19-3/tb60than.pdf

159 Hàn Thành. “Micro-typographic extensions to the TeX typesetting system”. TUGboat, 21(4):317–434, 2000.

Doctoral dissertation at the Faculty of Informatics, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic, October 2000.

http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb21-4/tb69thanh.pdf

160 Hán Thánh. “Margin kerning and font expansion with pdfTeX”. TUGboat, 22(3):146–148, 2001.

“Margin kerning” adjusts the positions of the primary and final glyphs in a line of text to make the margins “look straight”. “Font expansion” uses a slightly wider or narrower variant of a font to make interword spacing more even. These techniques are explained with the help of examples. For a detailed explanation of the concepts, see [159]. This feature was used in the preparation of this book.

http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb22-3/tb72thanh.pdf

161 Hán Thánh and Sebastian Rahtz. “The pdfTeX user manual”. TUGboat, 18(4):249–254, 1997.

User manual for the pdfTeX system, which extends TeX to generate PDF directly.

http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb18-4/tb57than.pdf

162 Harold Thimbleby. “‘See also’ indexing with makeindex”. TUGboat, 12(2):290–290, 1991.

Describes how to produce “see also” entries with MakeIndex appearing after any page numbers for that entry. Also check [163].

http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb12-2/tb32thim.pdf

163 Harold Thimbleby. “Erratum: ‘See also’ indexing with makeindex, TUGboat 12, no. 2, p. 290”. TUGboat, 13(1):95–95, 1992.

Erratum to [162].

http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb13-1/tb34thim.pdf

164 TUG Working Group on a TeX Directory Structure. “A directory structure for TeX files (Version 0.999)”. TUGboat, 16(4):401–413, 1995.

Describes the commonly used standard TeX Directory Structure (TDS) for implementation-independent TeX system files.

http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb16-4/tb49tds.pdf
Current version: http://www.tug.org/tds

165 The Unicode Consortium. The Unicode Standard, Version 4.0. Addison-Wesley, Boston, MA, USA, 2003. ISBN 0-321-18578-1.

The reference guide of the Unicode Standard, a universal character-encoding scheme that defines a consistent way of encoding multilingual text. Unicode is the default encoding of HTML and XML. The book explains the principles of operation and contains images of the glyphs for all characters presently defined in Unicode.

Available for restricted use from: http://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode4.0.0

166 Gabriel Valiente Feruglio. “Typesetting commutative diagrams”. TUGboat, 15(4):466–484, 1994.

Surveys the available support for typesetting commutative diagrams.

http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb15-4/tb45vali.pdf

167 Gabriel Valiente Feruglio. “Modern Catalan typographical conventions”. TUGboat, 16(3):329–338, 1995.

Many languages, such as German, English, and French, have a traditional typography. However, despite the existence of a well-established tradition in scientific writing in Catalan, there are not yet any standards encompassing typographical conventions in this area. This paper proposes typographical rules that reflect the spirit of ancient Catalan scientific writings while conforming to modern typographical conventions. Some of these typographical rules are incorporated in Catalan extensions to TeX and LaTeX. The proposal also hopes to contribute to the development of standard rules for scientific writing in Catalan.

http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb16-3/tb48vali.pdf

168 Michael Vulis. “VTeX enhancements to the TeX language”. TUGboat, 11(3):429–434, 1990.

Description of the commercial VTeX system, which supports a scalable font format.

http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb11-3/tb29vulis.pdf
More recent information available from http://www.micropress-inc.com/enfeat.htm

169 Graham Williams. “Graham Williams’ TeX Catalogue”. TUGboat, 21(1):17–90, 2000.

This catalogue lists more than 1500 TeX, LaTeX, and related packages and tools and is linked directly to the items on CTAN.

http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb21-1/tb66catal.pdf
Latest version on CTAN at: help/Catalogue/catalogue.html

170 Hugh Williamson. Methods of Book Design. Yale University Press, New Haven, London, 3rd edition, 1983.

A classic work that has become a basic tool for the practicing book designer. It deals with such matters as the preparation of copy, the selection and arrangement of type, the designer’s part in book illustration and jacket design, and the economics of book production. The book also explains the materials and techniques of book production and their effect on the design of books.

171 Peter Wilson. ledmac—A presumptuous attempt to port EDMAC and TABMAC to LaTeX, 2003.

EDMAC and TABMAC are a set of plain TeX macros for typesetting critical editions in the traditional way. The ledmac package implements the facilities of these macros in LaTeX—in particular, marginal line numbering and multiple series of footnotes and endnotes keyed to line numbers. As a new feature the package provides for index entries keyed to both page and line numbers. Multiple series of the familiar numbered footnotes are also available.

On CTAN at: macros/LaTeX/contrib/ledmac/ledmac.pdf

172 Reinhard Wonneberger and Frank Mittelbach. “BibTeX reconsidered”. TUGboat, 12(1):111–124, 1991.

A discussion of BibTeX and several proposals for its enhancement.

http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb12-1/tb31wonn.pdf

173 Hermann Zapf. “My collaboration with Don Knuth and my font design work”. TUGboat, 22(1/2):26–30, 2001.

Zapf’s story of collaboration with Don Knuth and some thoughts on typography.

http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb22-1-2/tb70zapf.pdf

174 Justin Ziegler. “Technical report on math font encoding (version 2)”. Technical report, LaTeX3 project, 1994.

The ground work for a set of 8-bit math encodings for TeX.

On CTAN at: info/ltx3pub/l3d007.*