Abstract
A brief consideration of the place of checklists in HAZOP study with strong emphasis on their limitations and the caution needed in their use.
Keywords
Checklists
The use of checklists is contrary to the principles of the HAZOP study method but for an experienced leader, a carefully constructed checklist for a commonly encountered unit can be a helpful way of ensuring that less common deviations are fully considered. With less experience, however, there is a danger that these become a substitute for the creative thinking and analysis from first principles that are essential characteristics of a good HAZOP study.
The examples given here illustrate two ways in which checklists may be used. Table A2.1 lists some aspects which might be considered under the guideword “other (other than).” Table A2.2 gives checklists for vessels and for vents/drains. Neither is comprehensive, nor will all the items in the list need consideration in every analysis. Thus, it is recommended that if lists are used at all they are the responsibility of the team leader who brings out items from the list which might apply in the circumstances of the study. Furthermore, it is important that such lists are customized and expanded to ensure relevance to each industry and application.
Table A2.1
An illustrative parameter list for the guideword “other (other than)”
Maintenance
Testing and calibration
Instrumentation, alarms, and trips
Hold conditions
Services
Relief
Sampling
Static
Start-up and shutdown
Low and high rate running
Nonstandard batches
Manual operation of automatic plant
Table A2.2
Illustrative HAZOP study checklists
General List for Vessels | Vents/Drains |
Pressure deviations | Isolation |
Level deviations/bunding | Cross flow/reverse flow |
Temperature deviations | Pressure rise/restriction/choke |
Vortex | High back pressure in vent line |
More/less mixing | Flashing/cooling |
More/less layering | Luting |
Increased velocity | Elevation change |
Sediment | Sequence in the vent/drain header |
Start-up/shutdown/purging | Air ingress |
Fouling | Two-phase flow |
Capacity | +Piping checklist |
Dip legs |
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