Glossary

1080p30
An abbreviation for video transmission at 1080p resolution at 30 frames per second.

23B+D
A designation for an ISDN PRI (T1) implementation including 23 bearer channels and 1 data channel.

2B+D
A designation for an ISDN BRI implementation including two bearer channels and one data channel.

30B+D
A designation for an ISDN PRI (E1) implementation including 30 bearer channels and 1 data channel.

720p30
An abbreviation for video transmission at 720p resolution at 30 frames per second.

720p60
An abbreviation for video transmission at 720p resolution at 60 frames per second.

802.11a/b/g/n/ac
Standards for wireless local-area network (LAN) radio transmission and associated data rates. Typically, devices with wireless network adapters will be listed as 802.11 capable followed by a list of the radios supported. In this case, 802.11a/b/g/n/ac denotes support for 802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11g, 802.11n, and 802.11ac standards.

802.3af
PoE A standard for providing a maximum of 15.4 watts of DC power to a PoE-capable device. The 802.3af standard defines only the use of Classes 0, 1, 2, and 3. Class 4 devices require 802.3at.

802.3at
PoE A standard for providing a maximum of 25.5 watts of DC power to a PoE-capable device. Class 4 devices must have 802.3at power available to function. This is also known as PoE+.

AAR
Automated alternate routing. Used to reroute calls over a traditional PSTN network if bandwidth is not available, as governed by CAC.

Active Directory
A Microsoft-based LDAP server. Microsoft AD is a common LDAP server in which CUCM end users are synchronized and authenticated against.

Ad hoc
Cisco defines an ad hoc conference as any conference where the participants joining the conference are not scheduled.

ANI
Automatic Number Identification.

API
Application programming interface. The code-line interface used by programmers and equipment administrators to issue advanced-level commands to the system.

ARJ
Admission reject; part of the H.323 RAS messaging. Sent from the gatekeeper to an endpoint confirming the call attempt failed.

ARQ
Admission request; part of the H.323 RAS messaging. Sent from an endpoint to the gatekeeper to request a call be established.

Auto attendant
A virtual reception available on MCUs. Auto attendants are used as a means for participants to choose what conference they want to join. Auto participants will hear an interactive voice response or IVR, which auto attendants are often referred to as.

Auto-registration
A capability in CUCM that allows for phones to be connected to the network, register, and receive a directory number without any phone-specific administrative configuration.

AVC
Advanced Video Coding. Video compression format that is commonly used for the recording, compression, and distribution of video content.

BAT
Bulk Administration Tool. A method inside a CUCM server for bulk administering settings into the database.

Basic Rate Interface (BRI)
BRI is an ISDN interface to basic rate access. Basic rate access consists of a single 16-kbps D channel plus 2 64-kbps B channels for voice or data.

CA
Certification authority. Entity that issues digital certificates (especially X.509 certificates) and vouches for the binding between the data items in a certificate.

CAC
Call admission control.

Call control
A central or distributed entity that provides signaling, destination route pattern lookup, connection admission control, class of restriction, and other operations associated with call setup, state change, and teardown in telephony or video infrastructure deployments.

CAS
Channel associated signaling.

CCD
Call Control Discovery. Works along with Service Advertisement Framework (SAF) and Global Dial Plan Replication (GDPR) for dynamic dial plan distribution in a collaboration solution.

CFA
Call Forward All. A Cisco IP phone feature to forward all calls to a user-defined number.

CFNB
Call Forward No Bandwidth. A Cisco IP phone feature.

CFQDN
Cluster fully qualified domain name.

CFUR
Call Forward Unregistered. A Cisco IP phone feature.

Cisco ASA
Cisco Adaptive Security Appliance.

CoS
Class of service. An indication of how an upper-layer protocol requires a lower-layer protocol to treat its messages. In SNA subarea routing, CoS definitions are used by subarea nodes to determine the optimal route to establish a given session. A CoS definition comprises a virtual route number and a transmission priority field. Also called ToS.

cRTP
compressed Real-Time Transport Protocol. Specified in RFC 2508, compressed RTP provides a mechanism to reduce the IP/UDP/RTP headers from 40 bytes to 2 to 4 bytes to improve bandwidth efficiency.

CSS
Calling search space. Defines what can be called by an endpoint.

CSV
Comma-separated value. A form of data represented by columns which are separated by commas. Typically, CSV files are used to exchange information between disparate systems. CUCM uses CSV files as an import and export tool.

CTI
Computer telephony integration. Allows IP PBX to interact with computers and computer applications.

CUBE
Cisco Unified Border Element.

CUCM
Cisco Unified Communications Manager is an IP PBX.

CTS
Cisco TelePresence Server A scalable videoconferencing bridge that works with Cisco Unified Communications Manager to bring multiparty video to unified communications deployments.

DHCP
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol is a client/server protocol used to provide IP information to a device automatically.

DID
Direct inward dialing. Allows a user outside a company to dial an internal extension number without needing to pass through an operator or an attendant. The dialed digits are passed to the PBX, which then completes the call.

DISA
Direct inward system access.

DMZ
Demilitarized zone.

DN
Directory number.

DND
Do Not Disturb. A Cisco IP phone feature.

DNS
Domain Name System. System used on the Internet for translating names of network nodes into addresses.

DNS SRV
Domain Name System Service record. Used to identify system that host specific services.

DSP
Digital signal processor. Used to handle analog-to-digital (IP) and vice versa conversion and to handle functions like mixing of voice streams.

DTMF
Dual-tone Multi Frequency. Tones generated when a button is pressed on a telephone.

E.164
An ITU-T recommendation, titled “The International Public Telecommunication Numbering Plan,” that defines a numbering plan for the worldwide public switched telephone network (PSTN) and some other data networks. E.164 defines a general format for international telephone numbers.

EMCC
Cisco Extension Mobility Cross Cluster. This is a feature of Cisco Unified Communications Manager that allows user to log in to an IP phone on a remote cluster.

Expressway-C
The internal gateway component of the Cisco Expressway (Collaboration Edge) solution. Cisco Expressway-C and Expressway-E form a secure traversal link to enable video, voice, content, and IM&P services to software clients and endpoints outside the firewall.

Expressway-E
The external gateway component of the Cisco Expressway (Collaboration Edge) solution. Cisco Expressway-C and Expressway-E form a secure traversal link to enable video, voice, content, and IM&P services to software clients and endpoints outside the firewall.

FQDN
Fully qualified domain name. FQDN is the full name of a system, rather than just its hostname. For example, abc is a hostname, and abc.local.com is an FQDN.

Gatekeeper
A call control and CAC mechanism most often associated with H.323 voice and video implementations.

GDPR
Global Dial Plan Replication. Allows numbers and patterns to be replicated dynamically using Intercluster Lookup Service (ILS).

H.323
H.323 allows dissimilar communication devices to communicate with each other by using a standardized communication protocol. H.323 defines a common set of codecs, call setup and negotiating procedures, and basic data transport methods.

HTTP
Hypertext Transfer Protocol is an application protocol for distributed, collaborative, hypermedia information systems. HTTP is the foundation of data communication for the World Wide Web (WWW). Hypertext is structured text that uses logical links (hyperlinks) between nodes containing text.

HTTPS
Secure Hypertext Transfer Protocol is the use of Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) or Transport Layer Security (TLS) as a sublayer under regular HTTP application layering.

ICT
Intercluster trunk. Allows intercluster dialing between two or more clusters.

ILS
Intercluster Lookup Service. Dynamically networks clusters so that the directory Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) information can be replicated using an ILS network. GDPR uses this service.

IOS
Internetwork Operating System. The operating system used on most Cisco routers and Cisco network switches.

IPsec
IP Security. A framework of open standards that provides data confidentiality, data integrity, and data authentication between participating peers. IPsec provides these security services at the IP layer. IPsec uses IKE to handle the negotiation of protocols and algorithms based on local policy and to generate the encryption and authentication keys to be used by IPsec. IPsec can protect one or more data flows between a pair of hosts, between a pair of security gateways, or between a security gateway and a host.

ISDN
Integrated Services Digital Network is a form of communication over the circuit-switched network, using V.35, PRI, or BRI lines.

ITSP
Internet telephony service provider. Usually a SIP provider.

IVR
Interactive voice response. Term used to describe systems that provide information in the form of recorded messages over telephone lines in response to user input in the form of spoken words or, more commonly, DTMF signaling. Examples include banks that allow you to check your balance from any telephone and automated stock quote systems.

Jabber IM&P
A Cisco Jabber client (desktop or mobile) that is configured to provide only IM and presence services. In IM&P mode, the Jabber desktop client is still capable of providing CTI control of a Cisco collaboration desktop endpoint.

Jabber
A Cisco Jabber client (desktop or mobile) that is configured to provide only voice service.

LBM
Location Bandwidth Manager. Allows enhanced location-based call admission control (E-LCAC) for intercluster calls.

LCR
Least cost routing.

LDAP
Lightweight Directory Access Protocol. A protocol that provides access for management and browser applications that provide read/write interactive access to the X.500 Directory.

LRG
Local route group. A feature of Cisco Unified Communications Manager that allows using a local gateway for PSTN.

MGCP
Media Gateway Control Protocol. A merging of the IPDC and SGCP protocols.

MOH
Music on hold. Plays when a party is kept on hold by the other party. MOH can be unicast or multicast and can be played from a CUCM MOH server or an IOS router’s flash.

MPLS
Multiprotocol Label Switching. A switching method that forwards IP traffic using a label. This label instructs the routers and the switches in the network where to forward the packets based on pre-established IP routing information.

MRA
Mobile and Remote Access A core component of collaboration edge architecture (Expressway). MRA allows Cisco Jabber and other endpoints VPN-less registration, call control, provisioning, messaging, and presence services.

MRG
Media resource group. Collection of media resources such as transcoders, conferencing, and MOH resources.

MRGL
Media resource group list. Collection of MRG.

MTP
Media termination point. Helps bridge audio calls with different characteristics.

MVA
Mobile voice access.

MWI
Message waiting indicator. Indicator on a Cisco Unified IP phone to notify the user of a new voice mail.

NANP
North American Numbering Plan.

NAT
Network Address Translation. A mechanism for reducing the need for globally unique IP addresses. NAT allows an organization with addresses that are not globally unique to connect to the Internet by translating these addresses into globally routable address space. Also known as Network Address Translator.

NTP
Network Time Protocol. A protocol that is built on top of TCP that ensures accurate local timekeeping with reference to radio and atomic clocks that are located on the Internet. This protocol is capable of synchronizing distributed clocks within milliseconds over long time periods.

OOB
Out of band. One of the many ways used for management of resources in a network.

OTLD
Organization top-level domain.

PAT
Port Address Translation. Translation method that allows the user to conserve addresses in the global address pool by allowing source ports in TCP connections or UDP conversations to be translated. Different local addresses then map to the same global address, with port translation providing the necessary uniqueness. When translation is required, the new port number is picked out of the same range as the original following the convention of Berkeley Standard Distribution (BSD).

PKI
Public key infrastructure. System of CAs (and, optionally, RAs and other supporting servers and agents) that performs some set of certificate management, archive management, key management, and token management functions for a community of users in an application of asymmetric cryptography.

POTS
Plain old telephone service.

PSTN
Public switched telephone network. General term referring to the variety of telephone networks and services in places worldwide. Sometimes also called POTS.

QoS
Quality of service. Measure of performance for a transmission system that reflects its transmission quality and service availability.

RAS
Registration, Admission, Status are communication messages sent between devices and an H.323 gatekeeper.

RSIP
Restart In Progress.

RSVP
Resource Reservation Protocol. A network-control protocol that allows endpoints to request specific QoS for their data flows.

RTCP
Real-time Transport Control Protocol.

RTMT
Real-Time Monitoring Tool. A GUI-based troubleshooting tool for Cisco Unified Communications servers.

RTP
Real-time Transport Protocol. Commonly used with IP networks. RTP is designed to provide end-to-end network transport functions for applications transmitting real-time data, such as audio, video, or simulation data, over multicast or unicast network services. RTP provides such services as payload-type identification, sequence numbering, timestamping, and delivery monitoring to real-time applications.

SAF
Service Advertisement Framework. Used to dynamically set up number/DN distribution in a Cisco Collaboration solution using underlying routing protocols.

SCCP
Skinny Client Control Protocol. A protocol developed by Cisco for its endpoints to communicate with CUCM and other Cisco call controls.

SDP
Session Description Protocol.

SIP
Session Initiation Protocol. Protocol developed by the IETF MMUSIC Working Group as an alternative to H.323. SIP features are compliant with IETF RFC 2543, published in March 1999. SIP equips platforms to signal the setup of voice and multimedia calls over IP networks.

SRST
Survivable remote site telephony.

SRTP
Secure Real-time Transport Protocol.

SSH
Secure Shell Protocol. Protocol that provides a secure remote connection to a router through a TCP application.

SVC
Switched virtual circuit. A virtual circuit that is dynamically established on demand and is torn down when transmission is complete. SVCs are used in situations where data transmission is sporadic. Called a switched virtual connection in ATM terminology.

TDM
Time-division multiplexing. Technique in which information from multiple channels can be allocated bandwidth on a single wire based on preassigned time slots. Bandwidth is allocated to each channel regardless of whether the station has data to transmit.

TEHO
Tail-end hop-off. For LCR of toll calls via IP until the penultimate hop and then hand off to PSTN.

TLS
Transport Layer Security. An IETF protocol.

TMS
TelePresence Management Suite.

TTL
Time to live. A mechanism that limits the lifespan or lifetime of data in a computer or network.

TUI
Telephone user interface.

TURN
Traversal Using Relay NAT.

UCL
User Connect Licensing.

UDS
User Data Services. A REST-based set of operations that provide authenticated access to user resources and entities such as user’s devices, subscribed services, speed dials, and much more from the Unified Communications configuration database. UDS is available with CUCM 10.0 and later.

URI
Uniform Resource Identifier. Type of formatted identifier that encapsulates the name of an Internet object and labels it with an identification of the name space, thus producing a member of the universal set of names in registered name spaces and of addresses referring to registered protocols or name spaces [RFC 1630].

UWL
Unified Workspace Licensing.

VCS
[Cisco TelePresence] Video Communications Server.

VPN
Virtual private network. Enables IP traffic to travel securely over a public TCP/IP network by encrypting all traffic from one network to another. A VPN uses tunneling to encrypt all information at the IP level.

VXML
Voice XML.

XMPP
Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol.