Index
0-9, and Symbols
/boot/grub/menu.lst file,
31–33, 37
/dev/null file,
71
/dev/random file,
71
/etc/bash.bashrc file,
43
/etc/dhclient.conf file,
50
/etc/dhcpd.conf file,
114
/etc/fstab file,
17
/etc/grub.conf file,
31
/etc/hosts file,
51
/etc/init.d directory,
34
/etc/inittab file,
34, 35
/etc/logrotate.conf file,
154
/etc/modprobe.conf.local file,
48
/etc/modules.conf file,
49
/etc/nsswitch.conf file,
52
/etc/resolv.conf file,
52, 54, 56
/etc/services file,
51, 52
/etc/squid/squid.conf file,
125
/etc/syslog.conf file,
153
/proc filesystem,
47
/proc/net/wireless file,
51
/sys directory,
46
/var/lib/rpm directory,
80
/var/lib/rpm/packages file,
81
A
Access control lists (ACLs),
125
Address resolution protocol (ARP),
55
Advanced packaging tool (APT),
85–89
Apache server,
121–123
Application dependencies, resolving,
89
Application program interface (API),
53
Application services
mail server,
126
MySQL server,
127–128
printing,
125–126
sendmail server,
126–127
APT. See Advanced packaging tool
Archive files,
90–91
ARP. See Address resolution protocol
atq command,
73
Authentication
centralized,
146
LDAP,
147
local,
146
NIS,
148
PAMs,
147
RADIUS,
148
two-factor,
148
Autoconf utility,
90
B
Backups and restoring,
19, 155
archiving and restoring commands,
157
complete backups,
155
copying data,
156
partial backups,
155
writing to removable media,
159
Bit bucket,
71
Boot from the hard disk,
3
Bootloading program,
29
Bourne again shell (BASH)
commands,
61–62
features of,
72
bzip2/bunzip2 compression utilities,
91
C
Caching nameserver,
116
CDs, burning,
159
Central processing unit (CPU),
1, 2, 68
Centralized authentication,
146
chattr command,
140
Check installation media,
3
chgrp command,
139
chkconfig command,
74
chmod command, options for,
138, 139
chown command,
138–139
chroot command,
139
chroot newroot command,
139
Command line interface (CLI),
61, 82, 120
Common gateway interface (CGI),
122, 123
Common Internet file system (CIFS),
16
Common UNIX printing system (CUPS),
97
applications of,
98, 100
interface,
98–99
printer classes,
100
Web management port for,
98
Configure script,
89
cpio command,
157
cron command,
73
crontabs command,
73
D
Debian packages,
84–85
adding repository in,
92
Delta-transfer,
156
Desktops
KDE virtual,
105
multiple,
105–106
Device files,
64–65
Device management,
44
dhcpcd command,
50
dig command,
57
Directories,
13, 20–22
and partitions,
20
Discretionary access controls (DAC),
142
Disk quotas,
22–23
Disk space growth,
19
Display manager,
102, 104
dmesg command,
36, 48
dmesq command,
35
Domain master browsers (DMBs),
118
Domain name server (DNS),
50, 113, 115
caching nameserver,
116
record type and resolution,
54
resource records (RRs),
116
dump command,
158
DVDs, burning,
159
Dynamic host configuration protocol (DHCP),
41, 113
setup and configuration,
50–51, 114–115
E
E-mail server,
126
Editor variable,
44
edquota command,
22
Emulators, terminal,
108
Environment variables,
42
Expansion boards,
2
exportfs command,
23
Extended partitions,
4, 6, 7, 19
F
fdisk –l command,
7
FIFO (first-in first-out),
65
File allocation table (FAT),
14, 30
cluster and partition sizes,
15
File level backups,
155
File permissions, commands for managing,
138–141
File transfer protocol (FTP),
120, 124, 145–146
File(s),
13
archive,
90–91
commands,
62–65
device,
64–65
editing using vi command,
65–66
hardlink,
64
for maintaining user information
/etc/group,
137
/etc/passwd,
136–137
/etc/shadow,
137
/etc/skel,
136
soft link,
64
testing,
65
types,
64
Filesystem
/proc,
47
container,
122
journaling in,
7
layout of,
6–8
local,
15
management,
22–25
mounting and unmounting of,
16–17
for organizing and maintaining data,
13–14
types of,
7–8, 13–16
FTP. See File transfer protocol
Fully qualified domain name (FQDN),
115
G
GNOME display manager (GDM),
104–105
vs. KDM,
105
GNOME workspaces,
105–106
GPG (Gnu Privacy Guard),
144–145
Grand unified bootloader (GRUB) program,
29
configuration files and commands,
30–34
installing,
30
Graphical network traffic analyzer.
seeWireshark
Graphical user interfaces (GUIs),
34, 44, 82, 97, 103
Group accounts, managing and creating,
133–137
grub-install command,
34
GUIs. See Graphical user interfaces
gzip compression utility,
91
H
Hard disk
partitions in,
4
storage media,
14
Hardlink file,
64
Hardware abstraction layer (HAL),
1
Hardware compatibility architecture
components,
2
CPU,
1
HAL,
1
monolithic kernel,
1
Home variable,
44
Host-based network intrusion system.
seeTripwire
hostname command,
56
Hosts file,
51
.htaccess file,
122–123
Hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP),
120, 121
I
I/O redirection,
70–71
ifconfig command,
49, 53, 55
ifdown command,
49
ifup command,
49
Inetd server,
74
init command,
34
Internet message access protocol (IMAP),
126
Interrupt request line (IRQ),
46
iostat command,
152
Iptables,
53
iwlist command,
51
J
JavaServer Pages (JSP),
123
Journaling in filesystem,
7
K
KDE display manager (KDM),
104
vs. GDM,
105
KDE virtual desktop,
105
Kernel,
37, 72
kill command,
67
L
last command,
136
Lightweight directory access protocol (LDAP),
147
Lmhosts file,
119
Load average,
153
Local authentication,
146
Local filesystem,
15
Local master browser (LMB),
118
Local media installation processes
installation settings in,
5
preparation,
3–5
clock and time zone setting in,
4
default language and keyboard settings in,
3
partitioning in,
4
user settings in,
4
Log files,
19
analysis of,
153–155
rotating logs,
154
searching and interpreting,
154–155
Logical volume manager (LVM),
8
Loopback device,
23
lp command,
101
lpq command,
101
lpr command,
100–101
lpstat command,
101
ls command,
46
lsattr command,
139–140
lsmod command,
46
lspci command,
45
lsusb command,
45
M
Mail server,
126
Mail transfer agent (MTA),
126
Make utility,
90
man command,
44
Mandatory access controls (MAC),
142
Master boot record (MBR),
30
md5sum command,
144
Media access control (MAC),
55
Memory test,
3
Metadata,
14
mkfs command,
8
mknod command,
65
mkswap command,
25
Modprobe,
48
Monitoring tools,
151
commands,
151–153
load average,
153
Monolithic kernel architecture,
1
Motherboards,
2
mount command,
16
Multiple desktops,
105
KDE control module for,
106
Multiple partitions, creating on storage device,
18
MySQL server,
127–128
N
Name servers (NSs),
41
Name switch service,
52
Nessus,
143
NetBIOS name service (NBNS),
118
netstat command,
55
Network address translation (NAT),
54
Network-based storage media,
14
Network file system (NFS),
15, 23–24, 152
Network information system (NIS),
148
Network interface card (NIC),
49–51, 55
Network intrusion detection system (NIDS).
seeSnort
Network printers,
125
Network services,
113
Network source installation process,
5–6
Network time protocol (NTP),
50, 113, 116–117
Networking
configuration files,
51–52
configuring interface,
49
managing connectivity,
52–58
ports,
52
troubleshooting connectivity,
54–58
NFS. See Network file system
NIC. See Network interface card
nice command,
69
Nmap,
143
nslookup command,
58
O
Offline backup,
155
Online backup,
155
P
Packages
binary,
79
dependencies,
79
formats,
80
installing,
82, 85, 86
managers,
79
obtaining information about,
88–89
querying,
83
removing,
83–85, 87
source,
79
updating,
82, 84
upgrading,
87–88
Pager variable,
44
PAMs. See Pluggable authentication modules
Parent process ID (PPID),
68
parted command,
8
Partitions
extended,
4, 6, 7, 19
in hard disk,
4
multiple, creating on storage device,
18
primary,
4, 6, 7
passwd command,
135
Path variable,
43
Peripheral component interconnect (PCI),
45
Pluggable authentication modules (PAMs),
147
Ports, TCP/IP,
52, 145
Power supply units (PSU),
2
Primary partitions,
4, 6, 7
Printer variable,
44
Printers
enable and disable queues,
98
management of,
99–100
Privilege escalation, implementing,
142–143
PS1 and PS2 variable,
43
ps command,
66–67
pstree command,
68–69
Q
quotacheck command,
22, 23
Quotas, disk,
22–23
R
Random access memory (RAM) disk storage media,
14
RDP. See Remote desktop protocol
Red Hat package manager (RPM),
80–84
Redundant array of independent disks (RAID),
8–9
hardware,
9
levels of,
9–10
software,
9
Relational database management system (RDBMS),
127
Remote access,
121
implementing,
145–146
Remote authentication dial in user service (RADIUS),
148
Remote desktop protocol (RDP),
117
Removable storage media,
14
writing to,
159
Repair installed system,
3
repquota command,
23
Rescue systems,
3, 37
Residual data,
14
Resolver file,
52
Resource records (RRs),
115
restore command,
158
rndc command,
116
Root directory,
20
route command,
53
Routing,
53
rpm command,
82
rsync command,
156
Runlevels,
34
S
Samba server,
118
configuration file for,
118
connecting,
120
lmhosts file,
119
managing,
119
sar command,
151
Scheduling tasks,
73
Scripts,
72
Second extended filesystem (ext2),
7
Secure shell (SSH),
145–146
Secure tunnels,
145
SELinux
basics,
141–142
running modes,
142
Sendmail server,
126–127
Server message block/common internet file system (SMB/CIFS) services,
118
Server message block filesystem (SMBFS),
16
ServerRoot directory,
121
Services file,
51
Setgid bit,
141
Setuid bit,
141
Shadow password file,
137
showmount command,
24
Simple mail transfer protocol (SMTP),
126
Simple network management protocol (SNMP),
125
Snort,
144
Soft link file,
64
Software packages.
seePackages
Software repositories,
80, 83
Source configuration,
89
Source packages,
79
Special-purpose storage medias,
14
Squid server,
124–125
ssh-keygen command,
146
startx command,
102
Sticky bit,
141
Storage containers,
14
Storage devices,
2
Stream editor,
155
Subnet mask,
53
sudo command,
142
swapoff command,
25
swapon command,
25
Swapping,
24–25
switchdesk command,
105
Syslog configuration,
153
System documentation,
71
System repair/rescue,
19
T
tar command,
90–91, 157
Telnet package
installation,
82
removing,
83
updating,
82
Temporary data,
19
Term variable,
44
Terminal emulators,
108
Testing files,
65
Third extended filesystem (ext3),
8
Time to live (TTL),
116
Tomcat server,
121–123
top command,
67–68, 153
Transmission control protocol/Internet protocol (TCP/IP),
41, 113
ports,
52, 145
Tripwire,
144
Troubleshooting
boot issues,
35–37
network connectivity,
54–58
tset command,
44
Two-factor authentication,
148
U
umask command,
140–141
umount command,
17
uptime command,
153
User accounts
files for maintaining,
136–137
managing and monitoring,
133–137
User informations,
4–5
User management,
41
User profiles,
41–44
useradd command,
134
userdel command,
134
usermod command,
134–135
V
vi command,
65–66
Video adapters,
2
Virtual file allocation table (VFAT),
15
Virtual memory,
24
Virtual network computing (VNC),
117
vmstat command,
152
Volatile data,
19
W
Web management port for CUPS,
98
Web services,
120–125
Webspace container,
122
who command,
135–136
whoami command,
135–136
Winbind,
120
Window managers
controls of,
103
GDM,
104, 105
KDM,
104, 105
stacking,
103
tiling,
103
X session manager,
104
XDM,
104
Windows Internet name service (WINS),
118
Windows interoperability,
117–120
remote desktop,
117
virtual network computing,
118
Wireless interfaces, configuring,
51
Wireshark,
143
X
X server,
103
X session manager,
104
X Windows display manager (XDM),
104
X Windows system,
97
clients vs. server,
103
directories of,
106–107
forwarding,
146
starting and stopping of,
102–103
Xinetd server,
74
xorg.conf file,
107
Xtables,
53
Y
Yellowdog updater modified (yum),
83
installing software with,
83–84
repositories,
92
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