Acronyms and Abbreviations

AFD approved for design

AIChE American Institution of Chemical Engineers

BS British Standard

CFR Code of Federal Regulations

CHAZOP computer HAZOP (study)

CIA Chemical Industries Association

CPF central process facility

DHSV down hole safety valve

EC European Community

EPSC European Process Safety Centre

ESDV emergency shutdown valve

EU European Union

FEED front-end engineering design

FMEA failure modes and effects analysis

FMECA failure modes and effects criticality analysis

HAZID hazard identification (method)

HAZOP hazard and operability (study)

HS hazard study

HSE Health and Safety Executive (UK)

IChemE Institution of Chemical Engineers

IEC International Electrotechnical Commission

I/O input/output

LOPA layer of protection analysis

LTEL long-term exposure limit

MOC management of change (system)

MSDS material safety data sheet

MV master valve

OP orifice plate

OSHA Office of Safety and Health Administration (USA)

P&ID piping and instrumentation diagram

PES programmable electronic system

PFD probability of failure on demand

PI productivity index

PIF performance-influencing factor

PSM process safety management

PSSR pre start-up safety review

QA quality assurance

QRA quantitative risk assessment/analysis

SHE safety, health, and environmental

SIL safety integrity level

SIS safety instrumented system

SMS safety management system

SOP standard operating procedure

SOR safety and operability review

SSSV sub-surface safety valve

WV wing valve