A collection of sensors is fairly useless unless the data they collect can be transmitted and processed. Whether that is a local embedded controller or sent upstream to a cloud, more hardware is needed to build the system. Typically, the sensors will use established IO interface and communication systems, such as I²C, SPI, UART, SPI, or other low-speed IOs. Other devices such as video systems will need much faster IO to maintain high resolution and fast video frame rates such as MIPI, USB, or even PCI-Express. To communicate wirelessly, the sensors will need to be used with wireless transport hardware like Bluetooth, Zigbee, or 802.11. All this requires extra componentry, which we will cover in this section.