- Java Performance Tuning
- Preface
- 1. Introduction
- 2. Profiling Tools
- 3. Underlying JDK Improvements
- Garbage Collection
- Replacing JDK Classes
- Faster VMs
- Better Optimizing Compilers
- What Optimizing Compilers Cannot Do
- What Optimizing Compilers Can Do
- Remove unused methods and classes
- Increase statically bound calls
- Cut dead code and unnecessary instructions, including checks for null
- Use computationally cheaper alternatives (strength reduction)
- Replace runtime computations with compiled results
- Remove unused fields
- Remove unnecessary parts of compiled files
- Reduce necessary parts of compiled files
- Alter access control to speed up invocations
- Inline calls
- Remove dynamic type checks
- Unroll loops
- Code motion
- Eliminate common subexpressions
- Eliminate unnecessary assignments
- Rename classes, fields, and methods
- Reorder or change bytecodes
- Generate information to help a VM
- Managing Compilers
- Sun’s Compiler and Runtime Optimizations
- Compile to Native Machine Code
- Native Method Calls
- Uncompressed ZIP/JAR Files
- Performance Checklist
- 4. Object Creation
- 5. Strings
- 6. Exceptions, Casts, and Variables
- 7. Loops and Switches
- 8. I/O, Logging, and Console Output
- 9. Sorting
- 10. Threading
- 11. Appropriate Data Structures and Algorithms
- 12. Distributed Computing
- 13. When to Optimize
- When Not to Optimize
- Tuning Class Libraries and Beans
- Analysis
- Design and Architecture
- Shared Resources
- Scaling
- Distributed Applications
- Object Design
- Techniques for Predicting Performance
- Factor in comparative performance of operations
- Consider the relative costs of different types of accesses and updates
- Use simulations and benchmarks
- Consider the total work done and the design overhead
- Focus on shared resources
- Predict the effects of parallelism
- Assess the costs of data conversions
- Determine whether batch processing is faster
- Tuning After Deployment
- More Factors That Affect Performance
- Performance Checklist
- 14. Underlying Operating System and Network Improvements
- 15. Further Resources
- Index
- Colophon
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