NOTES

Prologue

1. See W. Welsch, “Wisd Education of the Distriom: Philosophical Aspects,” International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences, 16504-16510. (“Wisdom is not a central topic of contemporary philosophy.” P. 16505). There is, however, a growing academic interest in the subject among psychologists. Robert J. Sternberg, ed., Wisdom: Its Nature, Origins, and Development (New York: Cambridge University Press, 1990); Robert J. Sternberg and Jennifer Jordan, eds., A Handbook of Wisdom: Psychological Perspectives (New York: Cambridge University Press, 2005). See also Stephen S. Hall, “The Older-and-Wiser Hypothesis,” New York Times Magazine, May 6, 2007.

Chapter 1: Awakening

1. James Ridgeway: “Who’s Fit to Be Free?” The New Republic, February 4, 1967, 24-26; “The Rouse Case,” The New Republic, June 1, 1967, 5.

2. Ken Kesey, One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest (New York: New American Library, 1962); R. D. Laing, The Divided Self: An Existential Study in Sanity and Madness (New York: Penguin, 1960); Thomas Stephen Szasz, The Myth of Mental Illness: Foundations of a Theory of Personal Conduct (New York: Hoe-ber-Harper, 1961).

3. In recognition of Judge Bazelon’s path-breaking work, the Mental Health Project was renamed the Bazelon Center for Mental Health Law in 1993 (visit www.bazelon.org).

4. For an excellent overview of the contribution of Thurgood Marshall and the NAACP Legal Defense and Education Fund to the civil rights movement see Mark V. Tushnet, Making Civil Rights Law: Thurgood Marshall and the Supreme Court 1936–1961 (New York: Oxford University Press, 1994).

5. Erving Goffman, Asylums: Essays on the Social Situation of Mental Patients and Other Inmates (Chicago: Aldine de Gruyter, 1961).

6. See Rouse v. Cameron, 373 F.2d 451 (D.C. Cir. 1966); Rouse v. Cameron, 387 F.2d 241 (D.C. Cir. 1967). For further discussion of the development of the right to treatment see Charles R. Halpern, “A Practicing Lawyer Views the Right to Treatment,” in “The Right to Treatment Symposium,” Georgetown Law Journal (special issue), March 1969, 782-817.

Chapter 2: Breaking Out

1. For decades, Dworkin has been a leader in American jurisprudence and Constitutional theory. See his most recent book, Is Democracy Possible Here? Principles for a New Political Debate (Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 2006).

2. Thurman W. Arnold. The Folklore of Capitalism (New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1937).

3. For further background on Abe Fortas, see Laura Kalman, Abe Fortas: A Biography (New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1990).

4. U.S. v. Allis-Chalmers Mfg. Co., 1970 WL 539 (E.D. Wisc. 1970).

5. The musical Hair made its Broadway debut on October 17, 1967. See also the movie Hair, directed by Milos Forman (MGM, 1999).

6. Visit the Institute for Policy Studies at www.ips-dc.org.

7. See Paul Goodman, Growing up Absurd (New York: Vintage, 1962); Percival and Paul Goodman, Communitas: Means of Livelihood and Ways of Life (New York: Vintage, 1960); Ivan Illich, Deschooling Society (New York: Harper, 1974); Ivan Illich, Medical Nemesis, the Expropriation of Health (New York: Pantheon, 1979); Norman Mailer, The Armies of the Night: History as a Novel, the Novel as History (New York: Plume, 1995 [originally published 1968]).

8. Ram Dass’s book, The Only Dance There Is (New York: Anchor, 1974), suggests that all life can be viewed as a dance. See also Ram Dass, Be Here Now (San Cristobal, N.M.: Lama Foundation, 1971).

9. See John H. Fenton, “Dr. Spock Guilty with 3 Other Men in Antidraft Plot; Convicted of Conspiracy to Urge Evasion of Service—Raskin Wins Acquittal,” New York Times, June 15, 1968. See also U.S. v. Spock, 416 F.2d 165 (1st Cir. 1969), overturning the district court’s guilty verdict for Raskin’s codefendants.

10. Charles A. Reich, The Greening of America (New York: Random House, 1970).

Chapter 3: Social Entrepreneur

1. Rachel Carson, Silent Spring (New York: Mariner Books, 2002 [originally published 1964]).

Chapter 4: Creativity in the Courtroom

1. Visit the Children’s Defense Fund at www.childrensdefense.org; Common Cause at www.commoncause.org; the Natural Resources Defense Council at www.nrdc.org; the Puerto Rican Legal Defense and Education Fund at www.prldef.org; and the Environmental Defense Fund at www.environmen-taldefense.org.

2. See Morales v. Turman, 364 F.Supp. 1039 (E.D. Pa. 1975); Mills v. Board of Education of the District of Columbia, 348 F.Supp. 866 (D.D.C. 1972).

3. John A. McPhee, Encounters with the Archdruid (New York: Noonday Press, 1971).

4. Wilderness Society et al. v. Hickel, 325 F.Supp. 422 (D.D.C. 1970).

5. The National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (NEPA), 42 U.S.C. § 4321 et. seq. (2000).

6. Wilderness Society v. Morton, 479 F.2d 842 (D.C. Cir. 1973).

7. See Environmental Defense Fund, Inc. v. Hardin, 428 F.2d 1093 (D.C. Cir. 1970); Environmental Defense Fund, Inc. v. Ruckelshaus, 439 F.2d 584 (D.C. Cir. 1971).

8. For more details on Campaign GM, see David Vogel, Lobbying the Corporation: Citizen Challenges to Business Authority (New York: Basic Books, 1978).

9. For more information on the Sullivan Principles, visit the Sullivan Foundation at www.thesullivanfoundation.org/foundation.

10. Wyatt v. Stickney, 344 F.Supp. 373, D.C. Ala. 1972; Wyatt v. Aderholt, 503 F.2d 1305 (5th Cir. 1974). The Court of Appeals affirmed the constitutional right to treatment for individuals civilly committed to state mental facilities.

11. See Charles R. Halpern and John M. Cunningham, “Reflections on the New Public Interest Law: Theory and Practice at the Center for Law and Social Policy,” Georgetown Law Journal, May 1971, 1095-1126.

12. Colman McCarthy, “Laws, Lawyers, and the System,” Washington Post, October 14, 1970.

13. For positive portrayals, see Simon Lazarus, The Genteel Populists (New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1974); Joseph C. Goulden, The Superlawyers: The Small and Powerful World of the Great Washington Law Firms (New York: Weybright and Talley, 1971). For a negative portrayal, see Rael Jean Isaac and Erich Isaac, The Coercive Utopians: Social Deception by America’s Power Players (Chicago: Regnery Getaway, 1983).

Chapter 5: Community and Consciousness

1. Among his many books, see R.G.H. Siu, The Tao of Science: An Essay on Western Knowledge and Eastern Wisdom (Cambridge: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1957) and Transcending the Power Game: The Way to Executive Serenity (New York: Wiley, 1980).

2. Visit the National Women’s Law Center at www.nwlc.org.

3. Visit the Center for Law and Social Policy at www.clasp.org.

4. Wilderness Society v. Morton, 495 F.2d 1026 (D.C. Cir. 1974), reversed by the Supreme Court in Alyeska Pipeline Service Co. v. Wilderness Society, 421 U.S. 240 (1975).

5. Visit the Institute for Public Representation at www.law.georgetown.edu/clinics/ipr/.

6. For an account of Agnew’s tie-breaking Alaska pipeline vote, see Edward Cowan, “Senate 77-20, Votes for Alaska Pipeline; Court Test Barred, with 49-to-49 Tie Broken by Agnew,” New York Times, July 17, 1973.

Chapter 6: Facing a Tough Reality

1. Gene I. Maeroff, “Dean Appointed, Moving City U’s Law School Closer to Reality,” New York Times, December 24, 1981. See also Aric Press, “A New Kind of Law School,” Newsweek, September 26, 1983, 91.

2. See Charles R. Halpern, “A New Direction in Legal Education: The CUNY Law School at Queens College,” Nova Law Journal 10 (Winter 1986), 549-574. Visit the CUNY Law School website at www.law.cuny.edu.

3. For background on Manes, see Richard J. Meislin, “Political Power and Influence Lost in a Swirling City Scandal; Manes’s Life: Rapid Ascent, Dizzying Fall,” New York Times, March 14, 1986.

4. Scott v. Sandford, 60 U.S. 393 (1856).

5. Bowers v. Hardwick, 478 U.S. 186 (1986). The decision in Bowers, upholding Georgia’s sodomy law, was overruled in Lawrence v. Texas, 539 U.S. 558 (2003).

Chapter 7: Beginning Meditation

1. Visit the Omega Institute at www.eomega.org.

2. For a detailed presentation of the medicine wheel, see Hyemeyohsts Storm, Seven Arrows (New York: Ballantine Books, 1972).

3. Visit Thich Nhat Hanh’s website at www.plumvillage.org.

Chapter 8: Convergence

1. Kathleen Teltsch, “Needy People Get New Ally in Foundation,” New York Times, March 27, 1989.

2. For background on the Mapplethorpe trial, see Andy Grunberg, “Critic’s Notebook; Cincinnati Trial’s Unanswered Question,” New York Times, October 18, 1990; Isabel Wilkerson, “Cincinnati Museum Quiet After Trial,” New York Times, October 7, 1990.

3. For background on Mayor Rudy Giuliani’s campaign against the Brooklyn Museum of Art, see Dan Barry and Carol Vogel, “Giuliani Vows to Cut Subsidy Over ‘Sick’ Art,” New York Times, September 23, 1999.

4. Visit Demos at www.demos.org.

5. Visit the Surface Transportation Policy Project at www.transact.org.

6. Visit the Center at www.jewishhealingcenter.org.

7. For more information about Jewish spirituality, visit the Institute for Jewish Spirituality at www.ijs-online.org.

8. Rodger Kamenetz, The Jew in the Lotus: A Poet’s Rediscovery of Jewish Identity in Buddhist India (San Francisco: HarperSan Francisco, 1994).

9. Daniel Goleman, Emotional Intelligence: Why It Can Matter More Than IQ (New York: Bantam Books, 2005 [originally published 1995]).

10. Ram Dass and Paul Gorman, How Can I Help? Stories and Reflection on Service (New York: Knopf 1985); Ram Dass and Mirabai Bush, Compassion in Action: Setting Out on the Path of Service (New York: Belltower/Random House, 1995).

11. Visit the Fetzer Institute at www.fetzer.org.

12. Bill Moyers, Healing and the Mind (New York: Doubleday, 1993).

13. See the Center for Contemplative Mind in Society at www.contemplative-mind.org.

14. Visit www.vallecitos.org.

15. Woody Allen, “The Shallowest Man,” Side Effects (New York: Random House, 1975).

Chapter 9: The Northwest Passage

1. See Stephen S. Hall, “The Older-and-Wiser Hypothesis,” New York Times Magazine, May 6, 2007.

2. See Norman Fischer, Taking Our Places: The Buddhist Path to Truly Growing Up (San Francisco: HarperSan Francisco, 2003). Also visit his website www.everydayzen.org.

3. To learn more about the ethical and social dimensions of biomedical research, visit the Center for Genetics and Society at www.geneticsandsoci-ety.org.

4. See Christopher Hitchens, God Is Not Great: How Religion Poisons Everything (New York: Twelve Books, 2007); Sam Harris, The End of Faith: Religion, Terror, and the Future of Reason (New York: W.W. Norton, 2005); Richard Dawkins, The God Delusion (Boston: Houghton-Mifflin, 2006).

5. For information on scientific studies regarding the effects of meditation on the brain, visit the Mind and Life Institute at www.mindandlife.org and the Laboratory for Affective Neuroscience at the University of Wisconsin-Madison at www.psyph.pych.wisc.edu. See also Stephen S. Hall, “Is Buddhism Good for Your Health?” New York Times, September 14, 2003.

6. See, for example, Time, July 27, 2003.

7. See Marilyn Nelson’s recent book of poetry, The Cachoeira Tales and Other Poems (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2005).

8. Susan P. Halpern, The Etiquette of Illness: What to Say When You Can’t Find the Words (New York: Bloomsbury USA, 2004).