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References
by Cynthia Wagner Weick, Harry C. Triandis, Ravi K. Jain
Managing Research, Development, and Innovation: Managing the Unmanageable, Third Edition
Copyright
Dedication
Preface
R&D ORGANIZATIONS AND RESEARCH CATEGORIES
HOW INFORMATION CAN BE USED
A PERSPECTIVE ON R&D MANAGEMENT
WHAT IS RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT?
RESEARCH CATEGORIES
WHAT TO RESEARCH
EMPHASIS ON BASIC VERSUS APPLIED RESEARCH
WHAT IS UNIQUE ABOUT MANAGING R&D ORGANIZATIONS?
SUMMARY
QUESTIONS FOR CLASS DISCUSSION
ELEMENTS NEEDED FOR AN R&D ORGANIZATION
PEOPLE
SPECIALIZATION
STAFFING
IDEAS
DEFECTS IN HUMAN INFORMATION PROCESSING
FADS IN SCIENCE
COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
THE INNOVATION PROCESS
FUNDS
A CULTURE FOR R&D ORGANIZATIONS
NOT-INVENTED-HERE SYNDROME
FIT OF PERSON AND JOB
CREATIVE TENSIONS: MANAGING ANTITHESIS AND AMBIGUITY
DEVELOP A CLIMATE OF PARTICIPATION
SUMMARY
Questions for Class Discussion
CREATING A PRODUCTIVE AND EFFECTIVE R&D ORGANIZATION
ORGANIZATION EFFECTIVENESS
WHO ARE THE INVENTORS AND INNOVATORS?
ODD CHARACTERISTICS OF INVENTORS AND INNOVATORS
RESEARCHER'S RELATIONSHIP WITH MANAGEMENT AND PEERS
FORMATION OF TEAMS
GENERATING NEW IDEAS
EMPHASES ON ASPECTS OF ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE
ETHOS OF A SCIENTIFIC COMMUNITY
SUMMARY
QUESTIONS FOR CLASS DISCUSSION
JOB DESIGN AND ORGANIZATIONAL EFFECTIVENESS
JOB ATTRIBUTES
PHYSICAL LOCATION AND COMMUNICATION
CAREER PATHS
DUAL AND TRIPLE HIERARCHIES
CENTRALIZATION AND DECENTRALIZATION
KEEPING THE RESEARCHER AT THE INNOVATION STAGE
JOB DESIGN AND CONFLICT
SUMMARY
QUESTIONS FOR CLASS DISCUSSION
INFLUENCING PEOPLE
ATTITUDE, ATTITUDE CHANGE
FINDINGS FROM ATTITUDE RESEARCH
BEHAVIORAL SCIENCE DIVISION CASE
CASE ANALYSIS
COMMUNICATION ALTERNATIVES AND OUTCOMES
SUMMARY
QUESTIONS FOR CLASS DISCUSSION
MOTIVATION IN R&D ORGANIZATIONS
A MODEL OF HUMAN BEHAVIOR
CHANGING THE REWARD SYSTEM TO SUPPORT TECHNICAL CAREERS
STRUCTURING THE ORGANIZATION FOR OPTIMAL COMMUNICATION
REWARDS AND MOTIVATION
REWARD SYSTEM DISCUSSION
SENSE OF CONTROL AND COMMUNITY
A FEDERAL R&D LABORATORY CASE
SUMMARY
QUESTIONS FOR CLASS DISCUSSION
DEALING WITH DIVERSITY IN R&D ORGANIZATIONS
ASSIMILATION AND MULTICULTURALISM
UNDERSTANDING CULTURE
CULTURAL DIFFERENCES
WHAT HAPPENS WHEN PEOPLE FROM DIFFERENT CULTURES WORK TOGETHER?
CULTURAL DISTANCE
CULTURAL INTELLIGENCE AND RELATED CONCEPTS
A MODEL FOR DIVERSITY IN GROUPS
THE STATUS OF MINORITIES IN WORK GROUPS
DEALING WITH PEOPLE FROM DIFFERENT DISCIPLINES, ORGANIZATIONAL LEVELS, AND FUNCTIONS
INTERCULTURAL TRAINING
SUMMARY
QUESTIONS FOR CLASS DISCUSSION
LEADERSHIP IN R&D ORGANIZATIONS
IDENTIFYING YOUR LEADERSHIP STYLE
THEORIES OF LEADERSHIP AND LEADERSHIP STYLES
LEADERSHIP IN R&D ORGANIZATIONS
R&D LEADERSHIP: A PROCESS OF MUTUAL INFLUENCE
A LEADERSHIP-STYLE CASE
LEADERSHIP IN A CREATIVE RESEARCH ENVIRONMENT
SUMMARY
QUESTIONS FOR CLASS DISCUSSION
MANAGING CONFLICT IN R&D ORGANIZATIONS
CONFLICT WITHIN INDIVIDUALS
CONFLICT BETWEEN INDIVIDUALS
CONFLICT BETWEEN GROUPS
INTERCULTURAL CONFLICT
PERSONAL STYLES OF CONFLICT RESOLUTION
UNIQUE ISSUES OF CONFLICT IN R&D ORGANIZATIONS
ETHICS
SUMMARY
QUESTIONS FOR CLASS DISCUSSION
PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL—EMPLOYEE CONTRIBUTION—IN R&D ORGANIZATIONS
SOME NEGATIVE CONNOTATIONS OF PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL
DIFFICULTIES WITH EMPLOYEE APPRAISAL
PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL AND THE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL AND ORGANIZATIONAL STAGES
PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL AND ORGANIZATION PRODUCTIVITY
GOALS OF ENGINEERS VERSUS SCIENTISTS
PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL AND MONETARY REWARDS
PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL IN PRACTICE
A UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT CASE
IMPLEMENTATION STRATEGY WITH EMPHASIS ON EMPLOYEE CONTRIBUTION
SUMMARY
QUESTIONS FOR CLASS DISCUSSION
Appendix: Argonne National Laboratory Performance Review Information*
TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER
TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER HYPOTHESES
STAGES OF TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER
APPROACHES AND FACTORS AFFECTING TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER
ROLE OF THE USER
CHARACTERISTICS OF INNOVATION AND ITS DIFFUSION
ROLE OF PEOPLE
BOUNDARY SPANNING
ORGANIZATIONAL ISSUES IN TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER
THE AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION MODEL
NASA TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER PROGRAMS
IBM TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER CASES
TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER STRATEGY
SUMMARY
QUESTIONS FOR CLASS DISCUSSION
MODELS FOR IMPLEMENTING INCREMENTAL AND RADICAL INNOVATION
DEFINING INNOVATION
STRATEGIC CHOICES IN TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION
MAKING TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION OPERATIONAL
THE MARKET, MARKETERS, AND MARKET RESEARCH IN TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION
LEADING INNOVATIVE ORGANIZATIONS
SUMMARY
QUESTIONS FOR CLASS DISCUSSION
ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGE IN R&D SETTINGS
WHY ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGE?
STEPS IN ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGE
PROBLEMS AND ACTION STEPS
INDIVIDUAL CHANGE
GROUP CHANGE: TEAM BUILDING
ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGE
EVALUATING ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGE
CASE STUDY IN ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGE
SUMMARY
QUESTIONS FOR CLASS DISCUSSION
MANAGING THE NETWORK OF TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION
OVERALL TRENDS WITHIN AND BETWEEN SECTORS
TRENDS IN RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT, AND INNOVATION IN THE COMMERCIAL REALM
TRENDS IN RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT AND INNOVATION IN THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT
TRENDS IN RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT, AND INNOVATION IN UNIVERSITIES
OPEN INNOVATION, REGIONAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT, AND THE GLOBAL INNOVATION NETWORK
SUMMARY
QUESTIONS FOR CLASS DISCUSSION
UNIVERSITIES AND BASIC RESEARCH
BASIS FOR UNIVERSITY RESEARCH ACTIVITIES
FEDERAL SUPPORT OF UNIVERSITY RESEARCH: AN ENTITLEMENT OR A MEANS TO ACHIEVE NATIONAL GOALS?
BASIC RESEARCH: WHO NEEDS IT?
UNIVERSITY–INDUSTRY LINKAGE
RETHINKING INVESTMENT IN BASIC RESEARCH
SUMMARY AND CONCLUDING COMMENTS
QUESTIONS FOR CLASS DISCUSSION
R&D ORGANIZATIONS AND STRATEGY
WHAT IS STRATEGY?
STRATEGY LEVELS AND PERSPECTIVES
STRATEGY FORMULATION AND IMPLEMENTATION
STRATEGY EVALUATION
STRATEGY AND INNOVATION
TECHNOLOGY AND STRATEGY
APPLYING A STRATEGY PROCESS
SUMMARY
QUESTIONS FOR CLASS DISCUSSION
RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT, AND SCIENCE POLICY
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
TECHNICAL INNOVATION AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
ANALYSIS OF INVESTMENT IN BASIC RESEARCH
R&D EXPENDITURE
R&D PRODUCTIVITY
GLOBAL PERSPECTIVES ON INNOVATION
R&D EXPENDITURE AND SCIENCE POLICY
SUMMARY
QUESTIONS FOR CLASS DISCUSSION
References
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