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by Paresh Shah, Syed Farrukh Hassan, Rajendra Chayapathi
Network Functions Virtualization (NFV) with a Touch of SDN
About This E-Book
Title Page
Copyright Page
Dedication Page
Contents
Preface
Acknowledgments
About the Authors
About the Technical Reviewers
Introduction
Who Should Read This Book?
Goals and Methods—How This Book Is Organized
Chapter 1. The Journey to Network Functions Virtualization (NFV) Era
The Evolution of Network Architecture
Traditional Network Architecture
Introducing NFV
NFV Architectural Framework
Need for a Framework
ETSI Framework for NFV
Understanding the ETSI Framework
A Closer Look at ETSI’s NFV Framework
NFV Framework Summary
Benefits of NFV
Hardware Flexibility
Faster Service Life Cycle
Scalability and Elasticity
Leveraging Existing Tools
Rapid Development and Vendor Independence
Validation of New Solutions
Amorphous Service Offering
Operational Efficiency and Agility
NFV Market Drivers
Movement to Cloud
New Business Services
Capital Expense Savings
Operational Expense Savings
Barrier of Entry
Summary
References
Review Questions
Chapter 2. Virtualization Concepts
History and Background of Virtualization
Virtualization Benefits and Goals
Server Virtualization, Network Virtualization, and NFV
Virtualization Techniques
Virtualization versus Emulation
Virtual Machines
Components of a Virtual Machine
Resource Allocation to the Virtual Machine
Network Communication
Packaging a Virtual Machine
Commonly Used Hypervisors
Linux Containers and Docker
Understanding Containers
Container versus Virtual Machines
Application Container and OS Container
Enter Docker
Container Packaging—Beyond Docker
Single and Multitenant Environment
Virtualization and NFV
Summary
References
Review Questions
Chapter 3. Virtualization of Network Functions
Designing NFV Networks
NFV Design Considerations
NFV Transformation Challenges
Virtualization of Network Infrastructure and Services
NFV for Routing Infrastructure
Virtualization of Network Security
Virtualization of Mobile Communication Networks
Summary
References
Review Questions
Chapter 4. NFV Deployment in the Cloud
What’s in a Cloud?
Characteristics of Cloud
Cloud-Based Services
Cloud Deployment Models
NFV and Cloud
Revisiting ETSI Management and Orchestration Block
MANO Data Repositories
Orchestrating, Deploying, and Managing NFV Infrastructure
Hardware Virtualization Deployment Options
Deploying Virtual Machines and Containers
Software and Tools for NFVI Deployment
Introduction to OpenStack
So What Is OpenStack?
A Brief History of OpenStack
OpenStack Releases
OpenStack Deployment Nodes
OpenStack Networking
OpenStack Deployment Nodes Revisited
OpenStack High Availability
Live Migration for VNF mobility
Deploying OpenStack
Using OpenStack as VIM
Life Cycle Management of VNFs
Instantiation and Provisioning
VNFM Software Examples
Orchestration and Deployment of Network Services
Cisco’s Network Service Orchestrator
Telefonica’s OpenMANO
Brocade VNF Manager
Nokia’s CloudBand Network Director
Ciena’s Blue Planet
HP’s NFV Director
Ericsson Cloud Manager
OpenStack Tracker
RIFT.io’s RIFT.ware
NFV MANO and Open Source Solutions
Open Platform NFV
Open Orchestration Project (Open-O)
Open Source MANO (OSM)
Describing Network Service Descriptor
Juju Charms
HOT
TOSCA
Summary
References
Review Questions
Chapter 5. Software Defined Networking (SDN)
Basic Concepts of SDN
What is SDN?
Advantages of SDN
SDN Implementation and Protocols
Introduction to SDN Controller
SDN Implementation Models
SDN Protocols
SDN Use-Cases for Different Networking Domains
SDN in the Data Center (SDN DC)
SDN in Service Provider Cloud (SP SDN)
SDN in Wide-Area Networks (SD WAN)
Enterprise SDN
Transport SDN
Revisiting SDN Controllers
Open Source SDN Controllers
Commercial SDN Controllers
SDN Correlation with NFV
CORD—An Example of NFV and SDN Working Together
Summary
References
Review Questions
Chapter 6. Stitching It All Together
Security Considerations
Service Function Chaining
Service Chaining in a Traditional Network
Service Function Chaining for Cloud Scaling
Network Service Header (NSH)
Other Protocols for SFC
Service Chaining Use Case
How Virtual Machines Communicate
Virtual Switch
Single Root Input/Output Virtualization and Sharing (SR-IOV)
Direct Memory Access
Enhancing vSwitch Performance
Data Plane Development Kit (DPDK)
Vector Packet Processing (VPP)
Data Performance Considerations
CPU Usage Optimization
Optimized Use of Memory
Programmability in a Virtualized Network
Summary
References
Review Questions
Appendix A: Answers to Review Questions
Chapter 1
Chapter 2
Chapter 3
Chapter 4
Chapter 5
Chapter 6
Index
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