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Index

A note on the digital index

A link in an index entry is displayed as the section title in which that entry appears. Because some sections have multiple index markers, it is not unusual for an entry to have several links to the same section. Clicking on any link will take you directly to the place in the text in which the marker appears.

A

accountability

citizens replacing journalists in holding government accountable, Crowdsourcing in Action
legislative information and, Screen Scraping Congress
privacy protection and government data, Accountability
transparency and, The Dark Side of Open Government

ad hoc groups, Conclusion

adhocracy, Pockets of Excellence: The Goverati

advisory committees, A Robustness Principle for Government

advocacy

BAHs (basic advocacy headlines) for communications, Clearly identify your emails
making your voice heard, Be knowledgeable

Allen, George, Crowdsourcing in Action

Allison, Bill, How This Book Is Organized, About the Author

Amazon

crowdsourcing technology, A Robustness Principle for Government
factors in success, Lesson 7: Lead by Example
service-oriented architecture, Lesson 2: Build a Simple System and Let It Evolve

American Recovery and Reinvestment Act, My Data Can’t Tell You That, Good Data Doesn’t Mean Good Results, Putting It All Together: Disclosure of Federal Spending

anonymity for privacy protection, Anonymous Access

antipatterns, Engineering Good Government

blob antipattern, Order from Chaos: The Standards Reference Model, Continued Maintenance: The Blob and Confederacy–The blob and government
stovepipe antipattern, The First Constitution

antitrust enforcement, innovation and, Lesson 1: Open Standards Spark Innovation and Growth

APIs (application programming interfaces), Gov→Media→People

APIs for government data, Government As a Platform, Why Bother with Bulk?

participation enabled by, A Robustness Principle for Government
portal for, Data.gov, Lesson 1: Open Standards Spark Innovation and Growth

Apple

factors in success, Lesson 7: Lead by Example
iPhone (see iPhone)

application programming interfaces (APIs), Gov→Media→People

Apps for America, Creating a Developer Corps

Apps for Democracy competition, Competition Is Critical to Any Ecosystem

Apps.DC.gov, Lesson 7: Lead by Example

Arkansas

campaign finance disclosure, State-Level Transparency Faces Serious Challenges
selling of legislative information, Constitutional Guidance: Avoid Secrecy Via Access

Armstrong, Charles, How This Book Is Organized, About the Author

Articles of Confederation, The Articles of Confederation and the Stovepipe Antipattern

as stovepipe antipattern, The Stovepipe Antipattern

Ashcroft, John, Changing Policies, Exemptions, Denials, and Delays

“Ask the President” project (see Personal Democracy Forum)

asymmetric organization, Conclusion

audit logs, immutable, Accountability

automated content, Providing for Reuse and Innovation

B

backups of government data, controlling for privacy, Controlled Backups

BAHs (basic advocacy headlines), Clearly identify your emails

The Bakersfield Californian, Gov→Media→People

Bass, Gary D., How This Book Is Organized, About the Authors

bazaar or marketplace, government as, Government As a Platform

Bender, Edwin, How This Book Is Organized, About the Author

Berners-Lee, Tim, Lesson 3: Design for Participation, Lesson 4: Learn from Your “Hackers”

Biden, Joe, Good Data Doesn’t Mean Good Results

blob antipattern, Order from Chaos: The Standards Reference Model, Continued Maintenance: The Blob and Confederacy–The blob and government

government and, The blob and government

blogging

blogs for Utah state government bloggers, Champions Discovered in All Branches of State Government
inside and outside of government, Reversing the Obscurity of Public Servants
Porkbusters coalition of bloggers, This Is the Mashable Now
Utah bloggers in Utah openness debate, Champions Discovered in All Branches of State Government

Boehner, John, Gathering Effective Tools

Brandeis, Louis, Lesson 6: Lower the Barriers to Experimentation

BRIDGE platform, U.S. Intelligence Community, Competition Is Critical to Any Ecosystem, GovLoop and BRIDGE: Networks for Government Employees

Brito, Jerry, How This Book Is Organized, About the Author

bubble charts, Policy

bulk government data versus APIs, Why Bother with Bulk?

Bureau of Labor Statistics, job losses in April 2009, My Data Can’t Tell You That

bureaucracies, culture of, The Culture of Bureaucracies and Homeland Security

Burton, Matthew, How This Book Is Organized, About the Author

Bush administration

FOIA policy, Changing Policies
politically based firings of U.S. attorneys, Crowdsourcing in Action

C

C-SPAN, opening up of archives, This Is the Mashable Now

California

access to voting records of legislators, Barriers to Transparency
campaign finance disclosure, State-Level Transparency Faces Serious Challenges
influence of moneyed interests in state politics, Case Study: MAPLight.org

campaign finance

access to political donor data, Case Study: FollowTheMoney.org–Conclusion
disrupting rule of money in Washington, D.C., Disrupting Washington’s Golden Rule–What Comes Next
information available online, This Is the Mashable Now
money–politics connection, corrupting influence, Why We Founded MAPLight.org

Carrotmob project, New Technologies and Civic Life

The Cathedral & the Bazaar, Government As a Platform, The Next Civil Service Culture: The Gift Economy

cell phone market, Lesson 1: Open Standards Spark Innovation and Growth

Center for Democracy and Technology (CDT), Demanding Government Data: Public Money Versus Private Research

Center for Responsive Politics (CRP), The National Institute on Money in State Politics’ Role in the Fight for Greater Transparency, Going 2.0: Why OpenSecrets.org Opted for Full Frontal Data Sharing–Conclusion

(see also OpenSecrets.org)
campaign fundraising and lobbying data, This Is the Mashable Now
difficulties of being open, It’s Not Easy Being Open
future developments, The Future Is Now
new model for transparency, Creating a New Model for Transparency
opening up of political finance and lobbying data, Going 2.0: Why OpenSecrets.org Opted for Full Frontal Data Sharing

CFR (Code of Federal Regulations), Changing Policy from the Outside

Change Congress, Patch Culture, Conclusion

Change.gov website, Change.gov Shows How to Change the Gov

choice architecture, Lesson 3: Design for Participation

Christensen, Clayton, Data Is the “Intel Inside”

cities, release of government raw data, Patch Culture

citizen self-organization, A Robustness Principle for Government

citizen self-service, A Robustness Principle for Government

example in Hawaii, A Robustness Principle for Government

citizenship, advanced, Advanced Citizenship

citizens’ view of open government, Citizens’ View of Open Government–Conclusion

findable government data, working toward, Toward a Findable Government
Internet and findability of government data, The Internet Has Made Us Lazy
Obama as first “we president”, The First “We President”

city services, APIs for, A Robustness Principle for Government

civic intelligence, Online Deliberation and Civic Intelligence

definitions and assertions about, Definitions and Assertions
democracy, deliberation, and the Internet, Democracy, Deliberation, and the Internet–E-Liberate is created
findings and issues for deliberative systems, Findings and Issues
potential for online deliberation, Conclusion

civic organizations, transparency movement, Transparency’s Moment?

civic participation, enabling innovation for, Enabling Innovation for Civic Engagement–Conclusion

citizen initiatives leading the way, Citizen Initiatives Lead the Way
data APIs versus bulk data, Why Bother with Bulk?
data authentication for third-party interfaces, Data Authenticity Down the Line
providing for reuse and innovation, Providing for Reuse and Innovation

civil service, future of, After the Collapse: Open Government and the Future of Civil Service–Conclusion

Coasean collapse, The Coasean Collapse
end of objectivity, The End of Objectivity
extending government networks to citizen participation, Extend the Network
long tail of public policy, The Long Tail of Public Policy
next culture, the gift economy, The Next Civil Service Culture: The Gift Economy
patch culture, Patch Culture
preconditions to government as platform, Two Preconditions to Government As Platform: Capacity for Self-Organization and Collaboration

Clinton, Bill, From Policy to Politicians, Crowdsourcing in Action

cloud computing

encouragement of open standards and interoperability, Lesson 1: Open Standards Spark Innovation and Growth
introduction of EC2 platform by Amazon, Lesson 2: Build a Simple System and Let It Evolve
privacy issues for government data, Controlled Backups

CNN visualizations, Visual Literacy

Coalition of Journalists for Open Government, Freedom of Information Acts: Promises and Realities

Coase, Ronald, The Coasean Collapse

Coasean collapse, The Coasean Collapse

Code of Federal Regulations (CFR), Changing Policy from the Outside

collaboration

between intelligence analysts and outsiders on national security, GovLoop and BRIDGE: Networks for Government Employees
precondition to government as platform, Two Preconditions to Government As Platform: Capacity for Self-Organization and Collaboration

collaborative filtering, Providing for Reuse and Innovation

collaborative technologies, solving collective problems, Government As a Platform

committee data on Congressional bills, Committees

Common Cause organization, The Future Is Now

communication from government to citizens, By the People

community collaborative tools, E-Liberate is created

comparison tag cloud, From Policy to Politicians

competition, importance of, Competition Is Critical to Any Ecosystem

complexity creating opacity, Complexity Creates Opacity

computer networking, OSI model, Lesson 2: Build a Simple System and Let It Evolve

computer-assisted reporting, Gov→Media→People

Congress

access to hearings, By the People
campaign finance disclosures, Barriers to Transparency
citizens’ access to legislative process, Many Voices, Many Messages, One Government
communications with constituents, Improving Communication without Being Crushed by Email
entrepreneurial insurgency and use of social media by Republicans, Entrepreneurial Insurgency: Republicans Connect With the American People–Conclusion
information on members’ voting and work, Patch Culture
personal financial disclosure of members, Good Data Doesn’t Mean Good Results
Senate campaign finance disclosure, State-Level Transparency Faces Serious Challenges

Congress Votes database, Accessing Government Data: Open Distribution Versus Jealous Control

Congressional Research Service (CRS) reports, efforts to make public, Demanding Government Data: Public Money Versus Private Research

Connecticut, campaign finance disclosure, State-Level Transparency Faces Serious Challenges

Consortium for Open Source Software in the Public Administration (COSPA), Seek Out Advice or Search for Information on Similar Transitions

Constitution

directives on avoidance of legislative secrecy, Constitutional Guidance: Avoid Secrecy Via Access
good framework for government, Engineering Good Government
as standards reference model, The Constitution As a Standards Reference Model

constitution for emergent democracy, Building an Emergent Democracy

consultation in government, By the People

contracting for government IT, failures of, A Peace Corps for Programmers–A Peace Corps for Programmers

contracts and grants (federal), information on, Federal Data: Approximations Galore

corporate and nonprofit records, access to, Sharing Documents with the Public

cosmos versus taxis, Limiting Factors and the Internet

cost to keep and expose government data, Cost

coupling (in software design), The Blob

court records, federal court, RECAP: Freeing PACER Documents for Public Use

courts in Utah, online services, Champions Discovered in All Branches of State Government

Craigslist, A Robustness Principle for Government

mashup using data on Google Maps, Lesson 4: Learn from Your “Hackers”

Credit Cardholders’ Bill of Rights of 2009, industries supporting and opposing, MAPLight.org’s Unique Contribution

Critical Infrastructure Information Act (2002), The Act and Amendments

crowdsourcing, A Robustness Principle for Government, “You Can Be the Eyes and Ears”: Barack Obama and the Wisdom of Crowds

(see also wisdom of crowds, Barack Obama and)
collaborative filtering and crowdsourced analysis of data, Providing for Reuse and Innovation
GovTrack.us user community, Engaging the GovTrack Community
potential use by journalists in new mediasphere, Gov→Media→People

CRS (Congressional Research Service) reports, efforts to make public, Demanding Government Data: Public Money Versus Private Research

Culberson, John, So, Who Gets It?

culture in government

changes needed in spending reporting, Changing the Culture to Emphasize Effectiveness, Performance, and Equity
changing culture of secrecy to transparency, Changing the Culture Within Government
resistance to release of information, The Culture of Bureaucracies and Homeland Security

D

Daffara, Carlo, How This Book Is Organized, About the Authors

Danish Board of Technology (DBT), consensus conferences, Online Civic Deliberation

data

importance in context of current Internet business models, Data Is the “Intel Inside”
inaccessibility of government data to search engines, Toward a Findable Government
open data and open government, Open Data and Open Government

data authentication for third-party sites, Data Authenticity Down the Line

data collection by city governments, Data Collection

data feeds, Providing for Reuse and Innovation

data minimization, Data Minimization

data mining and harnessing of implicit participation, Lesson 5: Data Mining Allows You to Harness Implicit Participation

data retention and decommissioning by government, Data Retention and Decommissioning

data tethering, Data-Sharing Integrity: Data Tethering

data-driven, service-oriented architecture, Practical Steps for Government Agencies

Data.gov, Lesson 1: Open Standards Spark Innovation and Growth, Open Data and Open Government, Social Media and the Fight for Transparency, Appointing the first federal CIO

platform model for Gov 2.0, Apps.DC.gov versus, Lesson 7: Lead by Example
quest for simple system, Lesson 2: Build a Simple System and Let It Evolve

Data.utah.gov, Making Data More Accessible

databases, A Peace Corps for Programmers

(see also IT)
proprietary and antiquated, holding government data, Proprietary and Medieval Databases
terrorist watch list, failures of, Tipping Point: The Extinction of Pencils

de Cindio, Fiorella, E-Liberate is created

de Tocqueville, Alexis, The Dark Side of Open Government

decline of deference, Patch Culture

default choices in public policy, Lesson 3: Design for Participation

deliberation, Definitions and Assertions–Conclusion

conclusions about, Conclusion
context of, Definitions and Assertions
democracy and the Internet, Democracy, Deliberation, and the Internet
issues for developers of deliberative systems, Findings and Issues
online civic deliberation, Democracy, Deliberation, and the Internet, Support for Online Civic Deliberation

deliberative democracy, The Timidity of Deliberative Democracy–The Timidity of Deliberative Democracy

versus collaborative democracy, Distinguishing Deliberative and Collaborative Democracy–Distinguishing Deliberative and Collaborative Democracy

DeMint, Jim, The TC Effect, Changing Policy from the Outside

democracy

changes wrought by the Internet (see emergent democracy)
civic intelligence and, Definitions and Assertions
definitions of, Democracy As a Scaling Mechanism
deliberation and the Internet, Democracy, Deliberation, and the Internet–E-Liberate is created
transparency in government and private sectors, The Missing Diagnosis

Department of Defense (DoD), Complexity Creates Opacity

guidance on use of open source software, Lesson 1: Open Standards Spark Innovation and Growth

Department of Justice

PACER database, By the People, RECAP: Freeing PACER Documents for Public Use
website for FOIA oversight, Conclusion

design patterns and antipatterns, Engineering Good Government

developer corps, creating, Creating a Developer Corps

developer ecosystem, competition from platform provider, Lesson 7: Lead by Example

Dierking, Howard, How This Book Is Organized, About the Author

digital age, explanation of, The Digital Age Explained

digital signatures for government data, Data Authenticity Down the Line

DIO (Do It Ourselves), A Robustness Principle for Government

DIRECT Launcher project, The Coasean Collapse

disclosure of federal spending, Putting It All Together: Disclosure of Federal Spending–Changing the Culture to Emphasize Effectiveness, Performance, and Equity

culture change emphasizing effectiveness, performance, and equity, Changing the Culture to Emphasize Effectiveness, Performance, and Equity
policy changes for deeper information on recipients, Policy Changes to Get Deeper Information on Recipients
technology making data transparent and useful, Using Technology to Make Recovery Act Data Accessible, Understandable, and Usable

disclosure of government data, paper versus Internet, Disclosing Government Data: Paper Versus the Internet

discrimination in mortgage lending, Targeted Transparency

discussion forums, Providing for Reuse and Innovation

documenting government, By the People

Drapeau, Mark, How This Book Is Organized, About the Author

E

e-Liberate, E-Liberate is created

Eaves, David, How This Book Is Organized, About the Author

economic crisis of 2009, “You Can Be the Eyes and Ears”

(see also wisdom of crowds, Barack Obama and)
crowdsourcing, watching of government spending on, “You Can Be the Eyes and Ears”
government efforts to counter, The Dark Side of Open Government
unemployment figures, My Data Can’t Tell You That

EDGAR database, By the People, The Bad Old Days: When Insiders Ruled

SEC forced to make data available over Internet, Liberating Government Data: Carl Malamud Versus the Man

effectiveness of federal spending, Changing the Culture to Emphasize Effectiveness, Performance, and Equity

Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2) platform, Lesson 2: Build a Simple System and Let It Evolve

electronic health record (EHR), The Huge Positive Potential of Digital Technologies

emails to legislators, Improving Communication without Being Crushed by Email

best practices, Clearly identify your emails

emergency services calls, Extend the Network

data collection about, Data Collection

emergent democracy, Emergent Democracy–The Road to Emergent Democracy

constitution for, Underlying Principles
future trends, The Road to Emergent Democracy
limiting factors and the Internet, Limiting Factors and the Internet
One Click Orgs and virtual corporations, One Click Orgs and Virtual Corporations
scaling mechanism, democracy as, Democracy As a Scaling Mechanism–Increasing Scale, Increasing Formalization

enterprise architecture patterns, The Articles of Confederation and the Stovepipe Antipattern

enterprise stovepipe antipattern, The Articles of Confederation and the Stovepipe Antipattern

entrepreneurial insurgency, Entrepreneurial Insurgency: Republicans Connect With the American People–Conclusion

Congress and, Entrepreneurial Insurgency and Congress
social media and the fight for transparency, Social Media and the Fight for Transparency
Twitter use by Congress members, Congress Tweets, Too
YouTube use by Congress members, I YouTube, You YouTube

equity issues in government spending, Changing the Culture to Emphasize Effectiveness, Performance, and Equity

EU Open Source Observatory, Promote Collaboration and Pooling of Resources

executive stock options, backdating of, Crowdsourcing in Action

experimentation, lowering barriers to, Lesson 6: Lower the Barriers to Experimentation

experts, advisory committees of, A Robustness Principle for Government

F

Facebook

applications based on GovTrack.us data, Engaging the GovTrack Community
government use of, Two Preconditions to Government As Platform: Capacity for Self-Organization and Collaboration
open development platform, Competition Is Critical to Any Ecosystem

failure, experimentation and, Lesson 6: Lower the Barriers to Experimentation

Fair Copyright in Research Works Act, Committees

Fair Credit Reporting Act, Transparent Transparency

FBI Uniform Crime Reports, Federal Data: Approximations Galore

Federal Advisory Committee Act (FACA), A Robustness Principle for Government

Federal Chief Information Officer (see Kundra, Vivek)

federal courts online database, RECAP: Freeing PACER Documents for Public Use

Federal Election Commission (FEC), example of filing, It’s Not Easy Being Open

federal government, size and complexity creating opacity, Complexity Creates Opacity

federal judiciary, PACER database, By the People

federal stimulus bill, visualization, Policy

FederalReporting.gov, Policy Changes to Get Deeper Information on Recipients

FedSpending.org, This Is the Mashable Now, Federal Data: Approximations Galore

feedback from users, Competition Is Critical to Any Ecosystem

Felten, Edward W., How This Book Is Organized, Lesson 2: Build a Simple System and Let It Evolve, About the Authors

Filibusted.us website, Congressional Mashups

filtering, collaborative, Providing for Reuse and Innovation

financial sector regulation, transparency efforts, A Matter of Politics

findable government data, working toward, Toward a Findable Government

Fioretti, Marco, How This Book Is Organized, About the Author

FixMyStreet project, A Robustness Principle for Government, Gov→Media→People

Fletcher, David, How This Book Is Organized, About the Author

Flickr online photo sharing, Lesson 3: Design for Participation

FLOSS (free/libre/open source software), Open Source Software for Open Government Agencies, Free and Open Standards and Software: The Digital Basis of Open Government

advantages for government and public agencies, Advantages of FLOSS for Government and Public Agencies–Staff Empowerment
making it easy to experiment and learn, Make It Easy to Experiment and Learn
management best practices, Best Practices: Management–Promote Collaboration and Pooling of Resources
social best practices in migration, Best Practices: Social–Use the Migration As an Opportunity to Improve Users’ Skills
technical best practices, Best Practices: Technical–Compile and Update a Detailed Migration Workbook

FOIA (see Freedom of Information Act)

FollowTheMoney.org, The National Institute on Money in State Politics’ Role in the Fight for Greater Transparency–The National Institute on Money in State Politics’ Role in the Fight for Greater Transparency

form letters to legislators, Improving Communication without Being Crushed by Email, Forego the use of form letters

Founders’ wave of change, By the People, By the People

Freedom of Information Act (FOIA), Sharing Documents with the Public, Freedom of Information Acts: Promises and Realities–Conclusion

the act and amendments, The Act and Amendments
administrations’ policy on, Changing Policies
delays in fulfilling requests, Exemptions, Denials, and Delays
denials of requests, Exemptions, Denials, and Delays
exemptions to the act, Exemptions, Denials, and Delays
flaws and limitations, Changing Policies
needed changes, Research and Prepare
open to citizens from all countries, Open to All
recommended changes for, Changing Policies
research and preparation for filing requests, Research and Prepare
sources of FOIA requests, Freedom of Information Acts: Promises and Realities
successful strategies for requests, FOIA Strategies That Work
websites for monitoring FOIA use and changes, Conclusion

Fung, Archon, How This Book Is Organized, About the Authors

G

GAO (Government Accountability Office) website, Research and Prepare

GDP, government spending as percent of, Lesson 1: Open Standards Spark Innovation and Growth

generativity, platforms and, Lesson 1: Open Standards Spark Innovation and Growth

geography and government, What Is Government?

gift economy, The Next Civil Service Culture: The Gift Economy

Gillmor, Dan, How This Book Is Organized, About the Author

Gingrich, Newt, Opening Legislative Data

Global Positioning System (GPS), By the People

global, distributed press conference, Crowdsourcing in Action

god class (see blob antipattern)

golden rule of Washington (see money, influence on government)

Gonzalez, Albert, From Policy to Politicians

Gonzalez-Barahona, Jesus M., How This Book Is Organized, About the Authors

Google

AdWords, data-driven feedback loops, Lesson 5: Data Mining Allows You to Harness Implicit Participation
extraction of value from implicit participation, Lesson 5: Data Mining Allows You to Harness Implicit Participation

Google Maps, Lesson 4: Learn from Your “Hackers”

Gov 2.0 movement, Preface

Gov 2.0 Summit, Reversing the Obscurity of Public Servants

Goverati, Pockets of Excellence: The Goverati

Government 2.0 Camp, Reversing the Obscurity of Public Servants

Government 2.0, defining, Government As a Platform–Practical Steps for Government Agencies

build simple system and allow it to evolve, Lesson 2: Build a Simple System and Let It Evolve
data and value derived from it, Data Is the “Intel Inside”
data mining allowing harnessing of implicit participation, Lesson 5: Data Mining Allows You to Harness Implicit Participation
design for participation, Lesson 3: Design for Participation–Lesson 3: Design for Participation
government as platform, Government As a Platform
leading by example, Lesson 7: Lead by Example
learning from hackers, Lesson 4: Learn from Your “Hackers”
lowering barriers to experimentation, Lesson 6: Lower the Barriers to Experimentation
open standards sparking innovation and growth, Lesson 1: Open Standards Spark Innovation and Growth
practical steps for agencies, Practical Steps for Government Agencies
robustness principle for government, A Robustness Principle for Government

Government Accountability Office (GAO) website, Research and Prepare

government data

disclosing, paper versus Internet, Disclosing Government Data: Paper Versus the Internet
inaccuracies and omissions in, My Data Can’t Tell You That–Conclusion

“Government Data and the Invisible Hand”, Lesson 2: Build a Simple System and Let It Evolve, Practical Steps for Government Agencies

government employees, use of social networking media, GovLoop and BRIDGE: Networks for Government Employees–Conclusion

government information flow, Gov→Media→People–Conclusion

government social ambassadors, Harnessing Social Capital

government spending

citizens’ involvement in watching, This Is the Mashable Now
disclosure of federal spending, Putting It All Together: Disclosure of Federal Spending–Changing the Culture to Emphasize Effectiveness, Performance, and Equity
as percent of GDP, Lesson 1: Open Standards Spark Innovation and Growth
ShovelWatch project tracking stimulus package spending, Crowdsourcing in Action

government, definition of, What Is Government?

GovLoop, GovLoop and BRIDGE: Networks for Government Employees

GovTrack.us, Citizen Initiatives Lead the Way

GovTrack.us case study, Case Study: GovTrack.us–Conclusion

change in goals of website, Screen Scraping Congress
changing government policy on sharing information, Changing Policy from the Outside
engaging user community, Engaging the GovTrack Community
newer technology applied to legislative information, Opening Legislative Data
screen scraping government websites, Screen Scraping Congress
websites reusing GovTrack data in mashups, Congressional Mashups

Gray, Jim, search for, Conclusion

group size, neocortex size as constraint on, Informal Self-Government

H

hack, definition of, All Your Data Are Belong to Us: Liberating Government Data

Halliburton, government contracts, Federal Data: Approximations Galore

Hamilton, Alexander, Engineering Good Government, The Constitution As a Standards Reference Model, The Blob

Harper, Jim, How This Book Is Organized, New Technologies and Civic Life, About the Authors

hashing techniques, Minimal Disclosure

Hawaii, citizen self-service example, A Robustness Principle for Government

health care

alignment of costs and outcomes, Lesson 5: Data Mining Allows You to Harness Implicit Participation
current efforts at reform, technology lessons and, Lesson 7: Lead by Example
electronic health record (EHR), The Huge Positive Potential of Digital Technologies
problems with digital technologies, Why Open Digital Standards Matter in Government, Standards and the Problems with Digital Technology
provision of, government versus private sector, Government As a Platform

Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (1996), The Act and Amendments

hierarchical organizations, value of, The Coasean Collapse

Holder, Eric, Changing Policies

Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA), Targeted Transparency

homeland security and release of government information, The Culture of Bureaucracies and Homeland Security

Hoppin, Andrew, Revealing Obscured Government Data

HousingMaps.com, Lesson 4: Learn from Your “Hackers”

Houston, Brant, How This Book Is Organized, About the Author

HTML and HTTP in WWW architecture of participation, Lesson 3: Design for Participation

Huffington Post

Bill Clinton interview, Crowdsourcing in Action
FundRace, New Technologies and Civic Life, This Is the Mashable Now

I

Illinois, Open Book mashup of state contracts and political donors, Bolstering the Spirit of Public Disclosure Laws

immutable audit logs, Accountability

impedance mismatches, Design the Workflow Support Infrastructure to Reduce “Impedance Mismatches”

inaccuracies in government data, My Data Can’t Tell You That–Conclusion

information flow about government activities (see government information flow)

information sharing about individuals by government agencies, Ethically Questionable Information (Sharing)

innovation

arising from open standards, Lesson 1: Open Standards Spark Innovation and Growth
bottom-up change through young technologists, Bottom-Up Change Through Young Technologists
enabling for civic engagement, Enabling Innovation for Civic Engagement–Conclusion
policy defaults’ impact on, Lesson 3: Design for Participation

insiders (moneyed), influence on government, Disrupting Washington’s Golden Rule

rule of insiders, The Bad Old Days: When Insiders Ruled

institutional inertia blocking transparency, Transparency, Meet Institutional Inertia

Intel, duopoly with Microsoft, Data Is the “Intel Inside”

Intelligence Community platform (BRIDGE), Competition Is Critical to Any Ecosystem, GovLoop and BRIDGE: Networks for Government Employees

Internet

democracy, deliberation and, Democracy, Deliberation, and the Internet–E-Liberate is created
design for participation, Lesson 3: Design for Participation
disclosure of government data on, Disclosing Government Data: Paper Versus the Internet
effectiveness of government transparency goals and, The Internet Has Made Us Lazy
elimination of limiting factors on democracy, Limiting Factors and the Internet
government data access and, Lesson 2: Build a Simple System and Let It Evolve
as information superhighway, Government As a Platform
Web 2.0 and importance of data, Data Is the “Intel Inside”

Internet wave of change, By the People

interoperability and portability, encouragement through open standards, Lesson 1: Open Standards Spark Innovation and Growth

Investigative Reporters and Editors, The Act and Amendments

iPhone

developer platform, Government As a Platform, Lesson 1: Open Standards Spark Innovation and Growth
equivalent needed in health care system, Lesson 7: Lead by Example
introduction of, Lesson 7: Lead by Example
Routesy app, Data Is the “Intel Inside”
StationStops app, Lesson 4: Learn from Your “Hackers”

IT

antiquated media storing government data, Ancient Media
bottom-up change in government IT through young technologists, Bottom-Up Change Through Young Technologists
downsizing or eliminating federal organizations’ development teams, Downsize or Eliminate Organizational IT Development Teams
federal government, need to develop own software, A Peace Corps for Programmers–Conclusion
fragmented IT and one-off apps in DoD, Kaleidoscope IT: One-Off Apps Obscure Information
government IT market, focus on proposals, not products, A Market Focused on Proposals, Not Products
government market, pre-Internet mentality, Framing the Window
products, not projects for government IT, IT Products, Not Projects
proprietary and antiquated databases storing government data, Proprietary and Medieval Databases
setting tone at top for government IT, Set the Tone at the Top
transparency for government IT projects, IT Transparency
transparency in government, Transparency, Meet Institutional Inertia
user analytics for government IT products, User Analytics
using 21st-century technology to enable government data transparency, Deploying Twenty-First-Century Technology

IT Dashboard (IT.usaspending.gov), Open Data and Open Government, Appointing the first federal CIO

J

Jonas, Jeff, How This Book Is Organized, About the Authors

journalism

failure to ask hard questions, Crowdsourcing in Action
possibilities in new mediasphere, Gov→Media→People–Conclusion
reporting on government activities, Gov→Media→People
self-appointed role as intermediaries between government and citizens, Gov→Media→People

journalism organizations, The Act and Amendments

K

Kettl, Donald, Government As a Platform
Knowledge As Power, My Idea
Koelkebeck, Tim, How This Book Is Organized, About the Author
Krumholz, Sheila, How This Book Is Organized, About the Author
Kundra, Vivek, Lesson 2: Build a Simple System and Let It Evolve, A Robustness Principle for Government, Open Data and Open Government, Appointing the first federal CIO, Making Data More Accessible

L

lack of political will for transparency, State-Level Transparency Faces Serious Challenges

law of conservation of attractive profits, Data Is the “Intel Inside”

Lee, Tim, RECAP: Freeing PACER Documents for Public Use

legal materials, access to, By the People

legal restrictions on releasing government data, Privacy and Legal Restrictions

Legislative Committee Analysis Tool, The National Institute on Money in State Politics’ Role in the Fight for Greater Transparency

legislative process, citizens’ access to, Democracy, Under Everything–Conclusion

charges by governments for legislative information, Constitutional Guidance: Avoid Secrecy Via Access
Constitutional directives on avoiding secrecy, Constitutional Guidance: Avoid Secrecy Via Access
inadequacy of current tools, Meeting Modern-Day Needs
recommendations for improvement, How to Improve Civic Engagement–Use open source tools
social media and journalism, Revealing Obscured Government Data
Utah state government, Champions Discovered in All Branches of State Government

Legislative Research Service (LRS), Revealing Obscured Government Data

LegiStorm website, Disclosing Government Data: Paper Versus the Internet

Leonhardt, David, Lesson 5: Data Mining Allows You to Harness Implicit Participation

Lessig, Lawrence, Patch Culture, Committees, Policy

lethally generous, Reversing the Obscurity of Public Servants

liberating government data, All Your Data Are Belong to Us: Liberating Government Data–Conclusion

freeing PACER documents for public use, RECAP: Freeing PACER Documents for Public Use
open distribution versus jealous control, Accessing Government Data: Open Distribution Versus Jealous Control
paper copies versus online data, Disclosing Government Data: Paper Versus the Internet
public money versus private research, Demanding Government Data: Public Money Versus Private Research

Library of Congress, THOMAS system, Citizen Initiatives Lead the Way, Opening Legislative Data–Changing Policy from the Outside

limiting factors for democracy, Limiting Factors and the Internet

Lincoln wave of change, By the People

links to web pages, WWW design and, Lesson 3: Design for Participation

Linux, Lesson 3: Design for Participation

LittleSis project, The Future Is Now

Lobbyist Link mashup, The National Institute on Money in State Politics’ Role in the Fight for Greater Transparency

lobbyists

inaccurate reporting of campaign contributions, Federal Data: Approximations Galore
in Washington, D.C., Disrupting Washington’s Golden Rule
we are all lobbyists now, Starting the Movement: We Are All Lobbyists Now

long tail, The Long Tail of Public Policy

governments tapping into, Extend the Network

Los Angeles County, transparency efforts, Targeted Transparency

LRS (Legislative Research Service), Revealing Obscured Government Data

M

machine-readable formats for data disclosure, State-Level Transparency Faces Serious Challenges

Madison, James, The blob and government, Disrupting Washington’s Golden Rule

Malamud, Carl, How This Book Is Organized, About the Author, The Bad Old Days: When Insiders Ruled, Changing Policy from the Outside, Sharing Documents with the Public

liberating government data, Liberating Government Data: Carl Malamud Versus the Man

Many Eyes visualizations, Policy

Sarah Palin’s acceptance speech, From Policy to Politicians

MAPLight.org, New Technologies and Civic Life, Providing for Reuse and Innovation, Case Study: MAPLight.org–Conclusion

campaign finance data mashups with Congressional votes, This Is the Mashable Now
committee data on bills, Committees
database illuminating money–politics connection, Why We Founded MAPLight.org
mashups using GovTrack’s legislative database, Congressional Mashups
other tools, Other Tools
reasons for founding, Why We Founded MAPLight.org
timeline feature for campaign contributions, Timeline
unique contribution of, MAPLight.org’s Unique Contribution
vote data for legislators, How Each Legislator Voted
votes on bills and campaign donations, Votes

maps

mapping mashups, Lesson 4: Learn from Your “Hackers”
MapQuest and Google Maps, Lesson 4: Learn from Your “Hackers”
mashups of government data, Providing for Reuse and Innovation

Maricopa County (Arizona) sheriff’s office, Federal Data: Approximations Galore

marketplace or bazaar, government as, Government As a Platform

Marshall, Joshua Micah, Crowdsourcing in Action

mashups, Lesson 4: Learn from Your “Hackers”

encouraging with government data, Encouraging data mashups
government data from different agencies, Providing for Reuse and Innovation
potential for government data, This Is the Mashable Now
using GovTrack’s legislative database, Congressional Mashups

McCain, John, From Policy to Politicians

McCaskill, Claire, So, Who Gets It?

McCroskey, Chris, How This Book Is Organized, About the Authors

Mechanical Turk projects, A Robustness Principle for Government

Medicare, dynamic pricing system for, Lesson 5: Data Mining Allows You to Harness Implicit Participation

meetings (law-making process), access to, By the People

meetups, civic-minded and self-organized, A Robustness Principle for Government

Melber, Ari, Crowdsourcing in Action, Crowdsourcing in Action

Microsoft

development and control of PC market, Lesson 1: Open Standards Spark Innovation and Growth
duopoly with Intel, Data Is the “Intel Inside”
factors in success, Lesson 7: Lead by Example
introduction of Windows platform and applications, Lesson 7: Lead by Example

Milan Community Network, E-Liberate is created

Miller, Ellen S., How This Book Is Organized, Online Town Hall or “Participation Theater”?, About the Author, It’s Not Easy Being Open

minimal data disclosure to protect privacy, Minimal Disclosure

money, influence on government, Disrupting Washington’s Golden Rule–What Comes Next

campaign contributions correlated with legislation, Conclusion
campaign finance and political donors, Why We Founded MAPLight.org
future developments in transparency, What Comes Next
government information on the Internet, This Is the Mashable Now
poll of American public on, The Dark Side of Open Government
rule of insiders, The Bad Old Days: When Insiders Ruled

mortgages, Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA), Targeted Transparency

Moulton, Sean, How This Book Is Organized, About the Authors

Moynihan, Daniel Patrick, Changing the Culture Within Government

multimedia portal (Utah.gov), Utah’s Multimedia Portal Leverages Web 2.0 Services

mySociety organization, A Robustness Principle for Government, Gov→Media→People

N

NASA, DIRECT Launcher project, The Coasean Collapse

The Nation magazine, Crowdsourcing in Action, Crowdsourcing in Action

National Freedom of Information Coalition, Open to All

National Institute on Money in State Politics, The National Institute on Money in State Politics’ Role in the Fight for Greater Transparency, Case Study: MAPLight.org

recommendations for open data, In an Ideal World: Recommendations for Open Data

National Security Archive, information on FOIA requests, Sharing Documents with the Public, Open to All

Netherland, Wynn, How This Book Is Organized, About the Authors

New York Metropolitan Transit Authority, Lesson 4: Learn from Your “Hackers”

New York State legislature, selling of legislative information, Revealing Obscured Government Data

The New York Times, visualizations, Visual Literacy

Newman, Daniel, How This Book Is Organized, About the Author

news media, reporting on government activities, Gov→Media→People–Conclusion

news sources for legislative process, Revealing Obscured Government Data

Newsom, Gavin, Practical Steps for Government Agencies

911 (emergency services) calls, Extend the Network

Noveck, Beth Simone, How This Book Is Organized, About the Author, Open Data and Open Government, Social Media and the Fight for Transparency

Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC), data on nuclear waste, The How and Why of Data Collection

nuclear waste from power plants, The How and Why of Data Collection

O

Obama administration

commitment to open government, Open Government and Open Society
FOIA policy, Changing Policies
Open Government Initiative, Social Media and the Fight for Transparency
stimulus spending, transparency of, My Data Can’t Tell You That
transparency, promises versus actual, Government Transparency: Three Hurdles

Obama, Barack, Preface, By the People, Change.gov Shows How to Change the Gov

(see also wisdom of crowds, Barack Obama and)
first “we president”, The First “We President”
statement on open government and transparency, “You Can Be the Eyes and Ears”: Barack Obama and the Wisdom of Crowds
Transparency and Open Government memo, Memo from President Obama on Transparency and Open Government

object orientation, The Blob

objectivity, end of, The End of Objectivity

obscurity of public servants, reversing, Reversing the Obscurity of Public Servants

obsolescent media and unreadable software formats, Standards and the Problems with Digital Technology

Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs, Lesson 3: Design for Participation

Office of Management and Budget (OMB), Open Data and Open Government

Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP), Open Data and Open Government

Office of the Secretary of Defense (OSD), Transparency Inside Out

OMB Watch, Federal Data: Approximations Galore

One Click Orgs, One Click Orgs and Virtual Corporations

one-way hash, Minimal Disclosure

online civic deliberation, Democracy, Deliberation, and the Internet, Online Civic Deliberation

support for, Online Civic Deliberation

online town hall, Online Town Hall or “Participation Theater”?

open data

Center for Responsive Politics (CRP), Going 2.0: Why OpenSecrets.org Opted for Full Frontal Data Sharing–Conclusion
recommendations for disclosure, In an Ideal World: Recommendations for Open Data

open digital standards

innovation and growth arising from, Lesson 1: Open Standards Spark Innovation and Growth

open digital standards in open government, Why Open Digital Standards Matter in Government–Conclusion

badly used technology hindering progress, Badly Used Technology Hinders Progress
digital basis of open government, Free and Open Standards and Software: The Digital Basis of Open Government
explanation of digital age, The Digital Age Explained
positive potential of digital technologies, The Huge Positive Potential of Digital Technologies
reasons digital has gone bad, Why Has Digital Gone Bad So Often?
standards and problems with digital technology, Standards and the Problems with Digital Technology

Open for Questions area of White House website, Crowdsourcing in Action

open government

dark side of, The Dark Side of Open Government
defined, Preface
improving democracy, civic intelligence, and containing costs, Definitions and Assertions
Obama administration position on, Open Government and Open Society

open government data, barriers to, Toads on the Road to Open Government Data–Conclusion

antiquated media for government data, Ancient Media
cost, Cost
culture of bureaucracies and homeland security, The Culture of Bureaucracies and Homeland Security
data collection by governments, Data Collection
definition of government, What Is Government?
ethically questionable information (privacy), Ethically Questionable Information (Privacy)
privacy and legal restrictions, Privacy and Legal Restrictions
proprietary and antiquated databases, Proprietary and Medieval Databases
reasons why government data is not released, Exposing the Soul of Government
sharing of ethically questionable information, Ethically Questionable Information (Sharing)

open government directives, Practical Steps for Government Agencies

Open Government Initiative, Social Media and the Fight for Transparency

open society, The Missing Diagnosis

political opposition to targeted transparency, A Matter of Politics
transparency efforts, conclusions on, Conclusion

open source software

Department of Defense guidance on use by military, Lesson 1: Open Standards Spark Innovation and Growth
reason projects work, Lesson 3: Design for Participation
used to build Tweet Congress, Open source fuels open government
using to disseminate government information, Use open source tools

open source software for open government, Open Source Software for Open Government Agencies–References

advantages of FLOSS, Advantages of FLOSS for Government and Public Agencies
hurdles in adopting FLOSS, Open Source Software for Open Government Agencies
making it easy to experiment and learn, Make It Easy to Experiment and Learn
management best practices, Best Practices: Management–Promote Collaboration and Pooling of Resources
social best practices, Best Practices: Social–Use the Migration As an Opportunity to Improve Users’ Skills
technical best practices, Best Practices: Technical–Compile and Update a Detailed Migration Workbook

Open Systems Interconnect (OSI) model, Lesson 2: Build a Simple System and Let It Evolve

open systems, design for participation, Lesson 3: Design for Participation–Lesson 3: Design for Participation

OpenCongress.org, Patch Culture, This Is the Mashable Now, Congressional Mashups, The Future Is Now

applications using GovTrack.us data, Engaging the GovTrack Community

OpenCRS.com, Demanding Government Data: Public Money Versus Private Research

OpenSecrets.org, Conclusion

O’Reilly, Tim, How This Book Is Organized, About the Author, By the People, Making Data More Accessible

P

PACER database (federal judiciary), By the People, RECAP: Freeing PACER Documents for Public Use

Palin, Sarah, From Policy to Politicians

paper copies versus online data disclosure, Disclosing Government Data: Paper Versus the Internet

parliamentary procedure, Support for Online Civic Deliberation

participation

citizen participation in government employees’ networks, Extend the Network
data mining allowing harnessing of, Lesson 5: Data Mining Allows You to Harness Implicit Participation
design principle, meaning in technology context, A Robustness Principle for Government
designing for, Lesson 3: Design for Participation–Lesson 3: Design for Participation

participatory government, online town halls and, Online Town Hall or “Participation Theater”?

patch culture, Patch Culture

patent and trademark database, online, Liberating Government Data: Carl Malamud Versus the Man

Patent and Trademark Office (PTO), Liberating Government Data: Carl Malamud Versus the Man

patterns and antipatterns, Engineering Good Government

PC era, keys to success, Data Is the “Intel Inside”

PC market, Lesson 1: Open Standards Spark Innovation and Growth

PDFs, limitations as format for data disclosure, State-Level Transparency Faces Serious Challenges

Pentagon, internal transparency efforts, Transparency Inside Out–Conclusion

complexity creating opacity, Complexity Creates Opacity
market focus on proposals, not products, A Market Focused on Proposals, Not Products
necessary improvements for government, Framing the Window–Conclusion
one-off apps obscuring information, Kaleidoscope IT: One-Off Apps Obscure Information
transparency meets institutional inertia, Transparency, Meet Institutional Inertia

performance data on government spending, Changing the Culture to Emphasize Effectiveness, Performance, and Equity

Perkins, Frances, By the People

Personal Democracy Forum, Reversing the Obscurity of Public Servants, What Comes Next, Crowdsourcing in Action

photo-sharing sites, Lesson 3: Design for Participation

phrase nets, Policy

planned systems versus emergent systems, Limiting Factors and the Internet

platform provider, competition with developer ecosystem, Lesson 7: Lead by Example

platform, government as, Government As a Platform, Making Data More Accessible

architecture leading to most generative outcome, Lesson 3: Design for Participation
big government versus small government debate, Lesson 6: Lower the Barriers to Experimentation
electronic governance platform for emergent democracy, One Click Orgs and Virtual Corporations
encouraging private sector to build applications using government data, Lesson 4: Learn from Your “Hackers”
examples, By the People
gift economy and platforms, The Next Civil Service Culture: The Gift Economy
open standards sparking innovation and growth, Lesson 1: Open Standards Spark Innovation and Growth
preconditions, capacity for self-organization and collaboration, Two Preconditions to Government As Platform: Capacity for Self-Organization and Collaboration
radical change rather than patching systems, Lesson 7: Lead by Example
resistance from established culture, After the Collapse: Open Government and the Future of Civil Service

policy

changes to get deeper information on recovery-spending recipients, Policy Changes to Get Deeper Information on Recipients
changing government policy for transparency, Changing Policies–Changing Policies
priorities, public involvement in discussion of, Online Town Hall or “Participation Theater”?
visualizing, Policy

Political Action Committees (PACs), campaign contributions, What Comes Next

political donor data, accessing, Case Study: FollowTheMoney.org–Conclusion

bolstering public disclosure laws, Bolstering the Spirit of Public Disclosure Laws
challenges to state-level transparency, State-Level Transparency Faces Serious Challenges
meaningful disclosure with machine-readable formats, State-Level Transparency Faces Serious Challenges
National Institute on Money in State Politics, The National Institute on Money in State Politics’ Role in the Fight for Greater Transparency
recommendations for open data, In an Ideal World: Recommendations for Open Data

political opposition to targeted transparency, A Matter of Politics

politicians, visualizing, From Policy to Politicians

Politicopia wiki, Champions Discovered in All Branches of State Government

polling, deliberative, Online Civic Deliberation

Porkbusters (bloggers), This Is the Mashable Now

Postel, Jon, Lesson 2: Build a Simple System and Let It Evolve

pothole map for Bakersfield, California streets, Gov→Media→People

Presidential Management Fellows (PMF) program, Bottom-Up Change Through Young Technologists

Presidential Records Act (PRA), Data Retention and Decommissioning

press conferences (people’s), Crowdsourcing in Action

Princeton University, Center for Information Technology Policy, RECAP: Freeing PACER Documents for Public Use

privacy

ethically questionable government information, Ethically Questionable Information (Privacy)
laws covering government data, The Act and Amendments
restrictions on government data, Privacy and Legal Restrictions

Privacy Act, Sharing Documents with the Public, Data-Sharing Integrity: Data Tethering

privacy imperative and open government, Open Government: The Privacy Imperative–Conclusion

accountability for data use, Accountability
anonymous access for privacy enhancement, Anonymous Access
controlled backups of data, Controlled Backups
data minimization to enhance privacy, Privacy-Enhancing Practices
data retention and decommissioning, Data Retention and Decommissioning
data-sharing integrity and data tethering, Data-Sharing Integrity: Data Tethering
minimal disclosure, Minimal Disclosure
transparent transparency, Transparent Transparency

private sector

government competition with, Lesson 1: Open Standards Spark Innovation and Growth
need for transparency in, Transparency’s Moment?, The Missing Diagnosis

Project Vote Smart, The National Institute on Money in State Politics’ Role in the Fight for Greater Transparency

proposals for government IT projects, A Market Focused on Proposals, Not Products

ProPublica nonprofit newsroom, Policy

protocol-based cooperative work, Support for Online Civic Deliberation

public accounting systems, platform for citizens, The Dark Side of Open Government

Public Campaign, Conclusion

public policy

long tail of, The Long Tail of Public Policy

public servants’ obscurity, reversing, Reversing the Obscurity of Public Servants

public, defined as online, By the People

Public.Resource.Org, The Bad Old Days: When Insiders Ruled, Changing Policy from the Outside

PublicMarkup.org, New Technologies and Civic Life

(see also Sunlight Foundation)

publishing data online, formats for, Providing for Reuse and Innovation

Q

QSOS and FLOSSMETRICS projects, Consider All the Factors, Both Technical and Contextual
Quaid, Dennis, Why Open Digital Standards Matter in Government
questions on education, visualizations of, Policy

R

Rademacher, Paul, Lesson 4: Learn from Your “Hackers”

Raymond, Eric, Government As a Platform, The Next Civil Service Culture: The Gift Economy

RECAP browser plug-in, RECAP: Freeing PACER Documents for Public Use

Recovery Accountability and Transparency Board, Policy Changes to Get Deeper Information on Recipients

Recovery Act, Putting It All Together: Disclosure of Federal Spending

Recovery.gov, “You Can Be the Eyes and Ears”, Social Media and the Fight for Transparency, Putting It All Together: Disclosure of Federal Spending

stimulus spending data, My Data Can’t Tell You That

Reich, Brian, How This Book Is Organized, About the Author

Reporters Committee for Freedom of the Press, The Act and Amendments, Open to All

Republican Party, use of social media, Entrepreneurial Insurgency: Republicans Connect With the American People–Conclusion

Request for Proposals (RFP) for government IT projects, A Market Focused on Proposals, Not Products

Rice, Condoleezza, Crowdsourcing in Action

Right To Know (RTK), Changing Policies

Robert’s Rules of Order, Support for Online Civic Deliberation

online version, E-Liberate is created

Robinson, David G., How This Book Is Organized, Lesson 2: Build a Simple System and Let It Evolve, About the Authors

Robustness Principle (Postel), Lesson 2: Build a Simple System and Let It Evolve

robustness principle for government, A Robustness Principle for Government

Routesy (iPhone app), Data Is the “Intel Inside”

RSS feeds, Providing for Reuse and Innovation

S

satellites, Government As a Platform

scaling mechanism, democracy as, Democracy As a Scaling Mechanism–Increasing Scale, Increasing Formalization

Schacht, Sarah, How This Book Is Organized, About the Author

Schaper, Nick, How This Book Is Organized, About the Author

Schrier, Bill, How This Book Is Organized, About the Author

Schuler, Douglas, How This Book Is Organized, About the Author

Schultze, Stephen, RECAP: Freeing PACER Documents for Public Use

screen scraping, Screen Scraping Congress

search engines, Lesson 5: Data Mining Allows You to Harness Implicit Participation

inaccessibility of government data to, Toward a Findable Government

search for Jim Gray, Conclusion

search, advanced, Providing for Reuse and Innovation

secrecy culture in federal agencies, Changing the Culture Within Government

secrecy, avoiding with access to public information, Constitutional Guidance: Avoid Secrecy Via Access

Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), EDGAR database, By the People, The Bad Old Days: When Insiders Ruled

forced to make data available over Internet, Liberating Government Data: Carl Malamud Versus the Man

SeeClickFix company, A Robustness Principle for Government

self-government

informal, evolution of, Informal Self-Government

self-organization

Coasean collapse and, The Coasean Collapse
precondition to government as platform, Two Preconditions to Government As Platform: Capacity for Self-Organization and Collaboration

self-service replacements for government functions, A Robustness Principle for Government

semi-structured messages, Support for Online Civic Deliberation

September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks, The Culture of Bureaucracies and Homeland Security

FOIA request denials after, Exemptions, Denials, and Delays

service-oriented architecture

data-driven, for government, Practical Steps for Government Agencies

service-oriented architecture (Amazon), Lesson 2: Build a Simple System and Let It Evolve

sharing of information among government agencies, Ethically Questionable Information (Sharing)

shelfware, A Peace Corps for Programmers

ShovelWatch project, Crowdsourcing in Action

Sifry, Micah L., How This Book Is Organized, About the Author

Skype, Lesson 3: Design for Participation

social capital, harnessing, Harnessing Social Capital

social media, Conclusion

(see also Tweet Congress)
emergence of social networks among government employees, Two Preconditions to Government As Platform: Capacity for Self-Organization and Collaboration
entrepreneurial insurgency and use by minority party, Entrepreneurial Insurgency: Republicans Connect With the American People–Conclusion
government employees’ use of, GovLoop and BRIDGE: Networks for Government Employees–Conclusion
guidelines for use by Utah state government employees, Concerns About Security and Productivity
information flow on government activities, Gov→Media→People
information on legislative process, Revealing Obscured Government Data
information sharing about participants, Ethically Questionable Information (Sharing)
people coming together to work for change, An Alternative
success of Web 2.0, Government As a Platform
use by federal government agencies, Open Data and Open Government
use by government agencies, Government As a Platform
user participation and co-creation of value, Lesson 5: Data Mining Allows You to Harness Implicit Participation

social relations, human capability for, Informal Self-Government

Society of Professional Journalists, The Act and Amendments

South Carolina, public disclosure of campaign finances, State-Level Transparency Faces Serious Challenges

standards reference model, Order from Chaos: The Standards Reference Model

Constitution as, The Constitution As a Standards Reference Model

Stanford University students confronting Condoleezza Rice, Crowdsourcing in Action

state legislatures

communications with constituents, Improving Communication without Being Crushed by Email
websites for, Constitutional Guidance: Avoid Secrecy Via Access

state political offices, campaign finance (see political donor data, accessing)

state politics

MAPLight.org data on money and politics, Other Tools

StationStops (iPhone app), Lesson 4: Learn from Your “Hackers”

stocks options for executives, backdating of, Crowdsourcing in Action

stovepipe antipattern, The First Constitution

Sunlight Foundation, The National Institute on Money in State Politics’ Role in the Fight for Greater Transparency

Apps for America, Creating a Developer Corps
Congressional earmarks bubble charts, Policy
Fortune 535 Project, Good Data Doesn’t Mean Good Results
Read the Bill Initiative, Social Media and the Fight for Transparency
Transparency Corps, This Is the Mashable Now
Transparency Timeline, The Bad Old Days: When Insiders Ruled

Sunstein, Cass, Lesson 3: Design for Participation

Superfund sites, Conclusion

Swartz, Aaron, How This Book Is Organized, About the Author

T

Talking Points Memo (TPM) sites, Crowdsourcing in Action

Tapscott, Don, Foreword

targeted transparency, Targeted Transparency

conclusion on current efforts, Conclusion

Tauberer, Joshua, How This Book Is Organized, Citizen Initiatives Lead the Way, About the Author (see GovTrack.us case study)

Tauzin, Billy, Why Open Digital Standards Matter in Government

taxis versus cosmos, Limiting Factors and the Internet

TC effect, Impact

TCP/IP

as example of government-funded project, Lesson 2: Build a Simple System and Let It Evolve
OSI model and, Lesson 2: Build a Simple System and Let It Evolve
platform components used by Tim Berners-Lee, Lesson 3: Design for Participation

terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, The Culture of Bureaucracies and Homeland Security

FOIA request denials afterward, Exemptions, Denials, and Delays

terrorist watch list, problems with, Tipping Point: The Extinction of Pencils

text visualization, From Policy to Politicians

Thaler, Richard, Lesson 3: Design for Participation

Themis Constitution, The Themis Constitution

THOMAS system (Library of Congress), Citizen Initiatives Lead the Way

Thomas.gov website, Meeting Modern-Day Needs, Opening Legislative Data

topic analysis, Providing for Reuse and Innovation

Torvalds, Linus, Lesson 3: Design for Participation

town hall meetings, online, Online Town Hall or “Participation Theater”?

trademark and patent database, Liberating Government Data: Carl Malamud Versus the Man

transparency, Open Government and Open Society–Conclusion

barriers to government transparency, Barriers to Transparency, Government Transparency: Three Hurdles

design principle, meaning in technology context, A Robustness Principle for Government

diagnosing problem solved by, The Missing Diagnosis

efforts at targeted transparency, conclusions on, Conclusion

examples of application in private sector, Targeted Transparency

federal government changes needed for, Framing the Window–Conclusion

fight for, social media and, Social Media and the Fight for Transparency

movement for, Transparency’s Moment?

open society and, The Missing Diagnosis

political opposition to targeted transparency, A Matter of Politics

Sunlight Foundation, Transparency Timeline, The Bad Old Days: When Insiders Ruled

targeted, Targeted Transparency

in technical systems underlying open government, Transparent Transparency

when it’s useful, When Is Transparency Useful?–An Alternative

generating public databases, Generating Databases for the Public
interpreting databases for the public, Interpreting Databases for the Public
lack of investigation and enforcement, Interpreting Databases for the Public
people coming together to work for change, An Alternative
sharing documents with public, When Is Transparency Useful?

Transparency and Open Government memo (Obama), Memo from President Obama on Transparency and Open Government

transport layer (Layer 4) of OSI model, Lesson 2: Build a Simple System and Let It Evolve

treemaps, Policy

Triangle Shirtwaist fire, By the People

Tweet Congress, Case Study: Tweet Congress–Conclusion, Congress Tweets, Too

building the application, Building the App
Congressional supporters of Tweet Congress and Twitter use, So, Who Gets It?
getting elected representatives on Twitter, Starting the Movement: We Are All Lobbyists Now
impact on social media use by government, Impact

Twitter