Contents

Foreword to the First Edition

Preface

Acknowledgments

About the Authors

Chapter 1 Introduction to Virtualization

1.1 Definitions and Motivations

1.1.1 What Is Virtualization?

1.1.2 Why Virtualize?

1.1.3 Virtualization Improves Consolidation

1.1.4 Other Reasons for Virtualization

1.1.5 Support of Cloud Computing

1.1.6 Common Concepts

1.2 System Virtualization Models

1.2.1 Hardware Partitioning

1.2.2 Virtual Machines

1.2.3 Operating System Virtualization

1.3 Summary

Chapter 2 Use Cases and Requirements

2.1 Introduction

2.2 General Workload Consolidation

2.2.1 Types of Resource Controls

2.2.2 Need for Availability

2.2.3 Summary

2.3 Asynchronous Workloads

2.4 Software Development and Other Bursty Workloads

2.5 Testing and Staging

2.6 Simplifying Workload Mobility

2.7 Maintaining a Legacy Operating System on New Hardware

2.8 Flexible, Rapid Provisioning

2.9 Relieving Scalability Constraints

2.10 Fine-Grained Operating System Modification

2.11 Configurable Security Characteristics

2.12 Summary

Chapter 3 Oracle Solaris Zones

3.1 Introduction

3.2 What’s New in Oracle Solaris 11 Zones

3.3 Feature Overview

3.3.1 Basic Model

3.3.2 Isolation

3.3.3 Namespaces

3.3.4 Brands

3.3.5 Packaging and File Systems

3.3.6 Boot Environments

3.3.7 Deployment

3.3.8 Management

3.4 Feature Details

3.4.1 Basic Operations

3.4.2 Packaging

3.4.3 Storage Options

3.4.4 Resource Management

3.4.5 Networking

3.4.6 Direct Device Access

3.4.7 Virtualization Management Features

3.5 Oracle Solaris Kernel Zones

3.5.1 Support

3.5.2 Creation and Basic Properties

3.5.3 Packaging

3.5.4 Security

3.5.5 Resource Controls

3.5.6 File Systems and Devices

3.5.7 Networking

3.5.8 Management

3.6 Solaris 10 Zones

3.7 Strengths of Oracle Solaris Zones

3.8 Summary

Chapter 4 Oracle VM Server for SPARC

4.1 Oracle VM Server for SPARC Features

4.2 CPUs in Oracle VM Server for SPARC

4.3 Features and Implementation

4.3.1 Domain Roles

4.3.2 Dynamic Reconfiguration

4.3.3 Virtual I/O

4.3.4 Physical I/O

4.3.5 Domain Configuration and Resources

4.3.6 CPUs

4.3.7 Virtual Network Devices

4.3.8 Virtual Disk

4.3.9 Console and OpenBoot

4.4 Installing Oracle VM Server for SPARC and Building a Guest Domain

4.4.1 Verifying and Installing Firmware

4.4.2 Installing Oracle VM Server for SPARC Software

4.4.3 Domain Migration

4.4.4 Physical to Virtual Conversion

4.4.5 Oracle VM Manager and Ops Center

4.5 Oracle VM Server for SPARC and Solaris Zones

4.6 Summary

Chapter 5 Physical Domains

5.1 Introduction

5.2 SPARC M6: An Introduction

5.2.1 CPU/Memory and I/O Units

5.2.2 Domain Configurable Units

5.3 SPARC M7: An Introduction

5.3.1 CPU/Memory I/O Units

5.3.2 Domain Configurable Units

5.4 Virtualization Technologies

5.4.1 Physical Domains

5.4.2 Static PDoms

5.4.3 Dynamic PDoms

5.4.4 Logical Domains

5.4.5 Oracle Solaris Zones

5.5 Fault Isolation

5.5.1 Redundant CPUs in a PDom

5.5.2 Redundant Memory in a PDom

5.5.3 Redundant I/O in a PDom

5.6 Oracle Enterprise Manager Ops Center

5.7 Summary

Chapter 6 Oracle VM VirtualBox

6.1 How Oracle VM VirtualBox Works

6.1.1 Oracle VM VirtualBox Architecture

6.1.2 Interacting with Oracle VM VirtualBox

6.2 Oracle VM VirtualBox Guest Platform

6.2.1 Virtual CPUs

6.2.2 RAM

6.2.3 Virtual Disk

6.2.4 Virtual Network Devices

6.2.5 BIOS and EFI

6.3 Oracle Solaris as an Oracle VM VirtualBox Host

6.3.1 Installing Oracle VM VirtualBox on a Solaris Host

6.4 Oracle Solaris as an Oracle VM VirtualBox Guest

6.5 Creating and Managing Oracle VM VirtualBox Guests

6.5.1 Creating the Guest Machine

6.5.2 Installing the Guest Operating System

6.5.3 Creating a Microsoft Windows 10 Guest Machine Using the Command Line

6.5.4 Creating an Oracle Solaris 11 Guest Machine Using the Command Line

6.5.5 Starting a Virtual Machine

6.5.6 Stopping a Virtual Machine

6.5.7 Cloning a Virtual Machine

6.5.8 Live Migration of a Guest

6.6 Summary

Chapter 7 Automating Virtualization

7.1 Oracle Enterprise Manager Ops Center

7.1.1 Architecture

7.1.2 Virtualization Controllers

7.1.3 Control Domains

7.1.4 Global Zones

7.1.5 Storage Libraries

7.1.6 Server Pools

7.1.7 Migration

7.1.8 Automatic Recovery

7.1.9 Layered Virtualization

7.1.10 Summary

7.2 OpenStack

7.2.1 What Is OpenStack?

7.2.2 The OpenStack General Architecture

7.2.3 Oracle Solaris and OpenStack

7.2.4 Compute Virtualization with Solaris Zones and Solaris Kernel Zones

7.2.5 Cloud Networking with Elastic Virtual Switch

7.2.6 Cloud Storage with ZFS and COMSTAR

7.2.7 Sample Deployment Options

7.2.8 Single-System Prototype Environment

7.2.9 Simple Multinode Environment

7.2.10 OpenStack Summary

7.3 Summary

Chapter 8 Choosing a Virtualization Technology

8.1 Review of Strengths and Limitations

8.1.1 Oracle Solaris Zones

8.1.2 Oracle VM Server for SPARC

8.1.3 Hard Partitioning and Physical Domains

8.1.4 Oracle VM VirtualBox

8.2 Choosing the Technology

8.2.1 Start with Requirements

8.2.2 Preferences

8.2.3 Virtualization Decision Tree

8.2.4 Examples

8.3 Summary

Chapter 9 Applications of Oracle Virtualization

9.1 Database Zones

9.1.1 Identity and Naming Services

9.1.2 Security

9.1.3 Resource Management

9.1.4 Administrative Boundary

9.1.5 Fault Isolation

9.1.6 Conclusion

9.2 Virtualization with Engineered Systems and Oracle SuperCluster

9.2.1 Oracle SuperCluster

9.2.2 Hardware Architecture

9.2.3 Virtualization Architecture

9.2.4 Physical Domains

9.2.5 Logical Domains

9.2.6 Oracle Solaris Zones

9.2.7 Summary of Oracle SuperCluster Virtualization

9.3 Virtualization with Secure Enterprise Cloud Infrastructure

9.3.1 Introduction

9.3.2 SECI Components

9.3.3 Service Domains

9.3.4 Server Pools

9.3.5 Security

9.3.6 Planning of Resources and Availability

9.3.7 Conclusion

9.4 Virtualization in Oracle Exalytics

9.5 Consolidating with Oracle Solaris Zones

9.5.1 Planning

9.5.2 Configure CPU Utilization

9.5.3 Create Zones

9.5.4 Testing

9.5.5 Summary

9.6 Security Hardening with Oracle Solaris Zones

9.6.1 Scenario

9.6.2 Basic Steps

9.6.3 Implementing Hardened Zones

9.6.4 Test

9.6.5 Security Analysis

9.6.6 Summary

9.6.7 Further Reading

9.7 Customer Deployment 1

9.8 Customer Deployment 2

9.9 Customer Deployment 3

9.10 Summary

Appendix: History of Virtualization and Architectural Evolution

Index