Irfan Turk

Practical MATLAB

With Modeling, Simulation, and Processing Projects

Irfan Turk
Nilufer, Bursa, Turkey
ISBN 978-1-4842-5280-2e-ISBN 978-1-4842-5281-9
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4842-5281-9
© Irfan Turk 2019
This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed.
Trademarked names, logos, and images may appear in this book. Rather than use a trademark symbol with every occurrence of a trademarked name, logo, or image we use the names, logos, and images only in an editorial fashion and to the benefit of the trademark owner, with no intention of infringement of the trademark.MATLAB® is a registered trademark of The MathWorks, Inc. The use in this publication of trade names, trademarks, service marks, and similar terms, even if they are not identified as such, is not to be taken as an expression of opinion as to whether or not they are subject to proprietary rights.
While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication, neither the authors nor the editors nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that may be made. The publisher makes no warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein.
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This book is dedicated to the lovers of MATLAB.

Introduction

This book emerged as a result of programming lecture notes, experiences gathered from different computational algorithms, and reading about mathematical models of real-life problems. The purposes of this book are to introduce and teach MATLAB as a programming language and apply the programming concepts to computational models in finance, numerical methods, simulation of randomness, analyzing data with basic statistics, visualization and animation, computational biology, signal processing, image processing, and sound processing. Apart from these illustrations, the book teaches how to create applications with graphical user interfaces (GUIs).

The intended audiences of this project are people who want to learn MATLAB as a programming language, users of MATLAB who want to excel in problem solving, and advanced users of the language looking to prepare applications with GUIs.

The book has two parts. In the first part, the general concepts of the language such as variables, data types, and common built-in functions are explained. Besides these topics, fundamentals of the language such as algorithms, m files, selection structures, loops, and user-defined functions are presented. In the second part of the book, I illustrate solving problems from different areas. In the examples, the algorithmic approach is explained when necessary. Every new item, whether it is a function or a command, is explained so that the reader can understand the subjects and does not miss anything new.

This product can be used as a textbook, or as supplemental material for undergraduate or low-level one-semester graduate courses in colleges or universities. These courses might include but are not limited to computer programming with MATLAB, science and engineering problem solving with MATLAB, scientific computing, and mathematical modeling with MATLAB. The first part of the book should be taught in such courses. The chapters do not depend on each other in the second part of the book. Therefore, topics from the second part can be selected freely depending on the needs of the class. Prior to learning the content of this book, knowledge of mathematics at the precalculus level helps to understand the modeling concepts, so this is recommended as a prerequisite to taking this course. Although a background in any programming language might help to grasp the algorithms used in the examples, it is not a prerequisite. The book is also a practical resource and textbook for individual learners. It provides 152 illustrative and instructive examples including the solutions along with the codes.

Source code for this book is accessible via the Download Source Code button located at www.apress.com/9781484252802 .

Acknowledgments

I would like to mention and thank a few people who helped me in the preparation of this book. I especially thank Steve Anglin, Associate Editorial Director of Apress, who allowed me the honor of authoring this book. I also gratefully thank Mark Powers, Editorial Operations Manager of Apress, who helped me and guided me in bringing this product to life. I also thank Matthew Moodie, Lead Development Editor at Apress, for being a part of this team, and Karpur Shukla, the reviewer of this project. I would like to thank my primary PhD supervisor, Associate Professor Dr. Maksat Ashyraliyev from the Software Engineering Department of Bahcesehir University, for his priceless contributions to my skills. Finally, thanks go to my friend and colleague Ibrahim Emre Celikkale for his recommendations.

Table of Contents

Chapter 1:​ Introduction to MATLAB 1
MATLAB Environment 1
Using MATLAB as a Calculator 5
Variables and Expressions 6
Formats 8
Vectors and Matrices 10
Arrays 10
Vectors 11
Matrices 13
Colon Operator 14
Built-in Functions 16
Some of the Elementary Math Functions 17
Trigonometric Functions 18
Data Types 19
Homogeneous Data Types 20
Heterogeneous Data Types 29
Plotting Graphics 33
Single Plotting 33
Multiple Plots 36
Problems 38
Chapter 2:​ Fundamentals of MATLAB Language 41
Algorithms 42
Flowcharts and Pseudocode 42
Scripts and M-Files 43
Logical Functions and Selection Structures 46
if and if-else Commands 46
Switch-Case Commands 50
Menu 52
Programming Controls 53
for Loop 54
while Loop 56
break and continue 58
try-catch Block 60
User-Defined Functions 62
Creating Functions 63
Local and Global Variables 65
Creating Subfunctions 66
Anonymous Functions 67
Interaction with the Computer 68
Problems 71
Chapter 3:​ Economic Modeling 73
Preliminaries 73
Simple and Compound Interest 74
Simple Interest 74
Compound Interest 76
Percentage Change 78
Cost, Revenue, and Profit 80
Cost 80
Revenue 81
Profit 83
Problems 84
Chapter 4:​ Numerical Methods 87
Interpolation and Extrapolation 87
Curve Fitting 88
Root Finding 90
fzero Function 90
Bisection Method 92
Newton’s Method 93
Secant Method 94
Fixed-Point Iteration 95
Numerical Integration 97
Numerical Differentiation 98
Ordinary Differential Equations 98
Problems 102
Chapter 5:​ Applications in Simulation 105
Random Number Generation 105
Flipping a Coin 108
Rolling a Pair of Dice 109
Random Walking 112
Traffic Flow 116
Problems 119
Chapter 6:​ Basic Statistics and Data Analysis 121
Basic Statistics 121
Data Analysis 122
Sorting and Searching 123
Data Processing 128
Problems 131
Chapter 7:​ Data Visualization and Animation 133
Data Visualization 133
Animation 138
Updating Coordinates 138
Applying Transformation 140
Creating Movies 142
Problems 144
Chapter 8:​ Computational Biology 147
Bacterial Growth and Population Models 147
Host–Parasitoid Models 151
Bioinformatics 152
Genome Sequencing 152
Dot Plot 159
Predator–Prey Models 161
Model with Two Species 161
Model with Three Species 164
Epidemic Models 168
SI Epidemic Model 168
SIS Epidemic Model 169
SIR Epidemic Model 173
SEIR Epidemic Model 175
Cellular Dynamics of HIV 178
Problems 182
Chapter 9:​ Signal Processing 185
Signal Types 185
Continuous and Discrete Signals 185
Analog and Digital Signals 188
Periodic and Nonperiodic Signals 188
Even and Odd Signals 192
Electrical Currents 193
Harmonic Analysis 196
Fast Fourier Transform 200
Problems 207
Chapter 10:​ Image Processing 209
Image Types 209
Binary Images 210
Grayscale Images 210
Indexed Images 211
Truecolor (RGB) Images 212
Converting Image Types and Formats 213
Operations on Images 215
Image Enhancement 219
Point Processing 220
Enhancement in the Spatial Domain 227
Enhancement in the Frequency Domain 230
Enhancement with Other Functions 234
Image Restoration 236
Adding and Removing Noise 236
Color Processing 238
Image Segmentation 242
Thresholding 243
Edge Detection 246
Region-Based Methods 252
Mathematical Morphology 253
Problems 255
Chapter 11:​ Introduction to Sound Processing 259
Sine Wave as Sound 266
Problems 269
Chapter 12:​ Applications with Graphical User Interfaces 271
GUI Elements 271
Creating GUIs Programmatically​ 273
Creating GUIs Using GUIDE 275
Creating GUIs with App Designer 278
Creating Applications 280
Problems 290
Appendix A:​ References 291
Index 293

About the Author and About the Technical Reviewer

About the Author

Irfan TurkPhD
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is a math and computer programming instructor and has been working in universities, high schools, and educational institutions for nearly 15 years. He concentrated on applied mathematics for his PhD. Dr. Turk finished the computer science track requirements of his master’s degree when he was a student at the University of Texas at Arlington. He is the author of Python Programming: For Engineers and Scientists and MATLAB Programming: For Beginners and Professionals . Dr. Turk’s research interests include but are not limited to numerical solutions of differential equations, scientific computing, mathematical modeling, and programming in MATLAB and Python.

 

About the Technical Reviewer

Karpur Shukla
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is a research fellow at the Centre for Mathematical Modeling at FLAME University in Pune, India. His current research interests focus on topological quantum computation, nonequilibrium and finite-temperature aspects of topological quantum field theories, and applications of quantum materials effects for reversible computing. He received an MSc in physics from Carnegie Mellon University, with a background in theoretical analysis of materials for spintronics applications as well as Monte Carlo simulations for the renormalization group of finite-temperature spin lattice systems.

 
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