Appendix B: Skip Pattern Data Codebook

Introduction

This appendix contains the SAS program used to create a codebook for the “Skip Pattern” data set used in the Chapter 7 examples. This is the cleaned version of the data after all skip patterns in the raw data have been audited and corrected. This raw skip pattern data was simulated for the examples. Any similarity to actual data is merely a coincidence.

SAS Program to Create Codebook

Program B-1 shows the SAS statements to create the codebook shown in Codebook B-1.

Section 1: In-line formatting is used in the TITLE and FOOTNOTE statements to customize the justification, font, and font size used in the codebook.

Section 2: Macro variables are used to store the location of folders for the Data Detective’s Toolkit SAS programs, the data set that will be used to create the codebook, and the folder where the output will be saved.

Section 3: PROC FORMAT is used to create the formats assigned to variables in the data set. Note that the special SAS missing values of .L and .N are included in the VALUE statements for many of the formats.

Section 4: The %TK_codebook macro is invoked to create the codebook. The parameters are used to identify:

● The libref where the data set is stored (lib=work)

● The name of the SAS data set (file1=skippatterndata_cln)

● The libref where the format library is stored (fmtlib=work)

● The ODS destination for the type of codebook you want to create (cb_type=RTF)

● The name of the file that you want to store the codebook (cb_file = &cb_name).

◦ &cb_name is the macro variable that was created in Section 2 to hold the name of the codebook that you want to create.

● The order you want the variables listed in the codebook (var_order=internal)

◦ The internal keyword tells %TK_codebook that you want the variables listed in the same order as they are stored in the SAS data set.

● The size of the codebook (cb_size=FULL) indicates you want all information listed on every variable.

● The organization of the codebook (organization=One record per Participant (CASEID), which will be included with the data set information at the beginning of the codebook.

● The flag for the potential problem reports (include_warn=NO), which is turned off. These reports were examined when the data set was created, with all problems investigated and solved.

Program B-1: Create Codebook for the Skip Pattern Data Set Created in Chapter 7

* Section 1) Add options to embellish titles and footnotes;
title j=center height=10pt font=Arial Bold Italic “Cleaned Skip Pattern Data Codebook from Chapter 7”;
footnote j=left height=9pt font=Arial “Data created for illustrating the Data Detective’s Toolkit.”;

* Section 2) Define folders, name of codebook, and include codebook
  program;
%let TKFolder = /Data_Detective/Book/SAS_programs/TK_toolkit;
%let DataFolder = /Data_Detective/Book/SAS_Datasets;
%let WorkFolder = /Data_Detective/Book/SAS_Output;
libname SAS_data “&DataFolder”;
%let cb_name=&WorkFolder/CodebookB_1.rtf;

%include “&TKFolder/TK_codebook.sas”;

* Section 3) Create formats;
proc format;
   value VERSION 1=’Pilot’ 2=’Production’;
   value DEM1f 18 - 99 = “Valid Range”;
   value DEM2f 1=’Female’ 2=’Male’;
   value DEM3f 1 = ‘White’
      2 = ‘Black or African American’
      3 = ‘Hispanic’
      4 = ‘Asian’
      5 = ‘Other’
      6 = ‘Refused’;
   value DEM4f 1 = “< High School”
      2 = ‘High School Graduate/GED’
      3 = “Some College/vocational school (no degree)”
      4 = “2-year college/vocational/Associate’s degree”
      5 = “4-year college or higher (BA, BS, MA, MS, PhD)”
   ;
   value TOB1f 1 = “Yes” 2 = “No (Go to Section 3)”;
   value TOB2f 0-30= “Valid Range”  .L = “Legitimate Skip” 
      .E=”Expected Reply, Not Answered”;
   value TOB3f 1 = “Yes” 2 = “No “  .L = “Legitimate Skip” 
      .E=”Expected Reply, Not Answered”;
   value TOB4f 1 = “Yes” 2 = “No “  .L = “Legitimate Skip” 
      .E=”Expected Reply, Not Answered”;
   value TOB5f 1 = “Smoke the same amount” 
      2 = “Increase the amount of cigarettes smoked”
      3 = “Decrease the amount of cigarettes smoked”
      4 = “Quit smoking cigarettes altogether”
      .L = “Legitimate Skip”
      .E=”Expected Reply, Not Answered”;
   value PG1f 1 = “Yes” 2 = “No (Go to End of Survey)” 
     .L = “Legitimate Skip” .E=”Expected Reply, Not Answered”;
   value PG2f 1 - 10 =”Valid Range” .L = “Legitimate Skip” 
     .E=”Expected Reply, Not Answered”;
   value PG3f 1 - 10 =”Valid Range” .L = “Legitimate Skip”
     .N = “Question Not Available” .E=”Expected Reply, Not Answered”;
   value PG4f 1 = “Yes” 2 = “No (Go to End of Survey)” 
      3 = “Unsure (Go to End of Survey)” .L = “Legitimate Skip” 
     .E=”Expected Reply, Not Answered”;
   value PG5f 0 - 9 =”Valid Range”  .L = “Legitimate Skip” 
     .E=”Expected Reply, Not Answered”;
   value $anytext ‘ ‘=’Missing (blank)’ other=’Text or value supplied’;
   value $showall default = 20 ‘ ‘=’Missing (blank)’;
   value shownum . = ‘SAS Missing (.)’ other = _same_;
   value anymiss .=’SAS Missing (.)’ other=’Any Number’;
   value version 1 = “Date started: June 15, 2020” 
      2 = “Date started: July 31, 2020”;
   value MODE 1 = “WEB” 2 = “MAIL”;
run;

data work.skippatterndata_cln(label=”Cleaned Skip Pattern Data”);
   set SAS_data.skippatterndata_cln;
   format svy_mode mode.;
   format version version.;
run;

* Section 4) Create codebook;
%TK_codebook(lib=work,
   file1=skippatterndata_cln,
   fmtlib=work,
   cb_type=RTF,
   cb_file=&cb_name,
   var_order=internal,
   cb_size=BRIEF,
   organization = One record per Participant (CASEID),
   include_warn=NO);
run;

The codebook is shown in Codebook B-1.

Codebook B-1: Codebook for the Cleaned Skip Pattern Data Set from Chapter 7

Cleaned Skip Pattern Data Codebook from Chapter 7 Data Set: skippatterndata_cln.sas7bdat Label: Cleaned Skip Pattern Data Date Created: 17NOV20:21:58:16 Number of Observations: 701 Number of Variables: 17 Organization of Data Set: One record per Participant (CASEID)
Variable Name	Label	Type	Values	Frequency Category	Frequency	Percent
CASEID	Unique identifier for participant	Num 8	.	SAS missing (.)	0	0.00
			10000 to 10700	Range	701	100.00
SVY_MODE	MODE of Data Collection (1=WEB, 2=MAIL)	Num 8	1	WEB	348	49.64
			2	MAIL	353	50.36
VERSION	VERSION of Data Collection Instrument: 1=Pilot, 2=Production	Num 8	1	Date started: June 15, 2020	149	21.26
			2	Date started: July 31, 2020	552	78.74
DEM1	How old are you?	Num 8	.	SAS missing (.)	61	8.70
			18-99	Valid Range	640	91.30
DEM2	Sex of participant	Num 8	1	Female	331	47.22
			2	Male	370	52.78
DEM3	Race/Ethnicity	Num 8	.	SAS missing (.)	24	3.42
			1	White	408	58.20
			2	Black or African American	162	23.11
			3	Hispanic	58	8.27
			4	Asian	20	2.85
			5	Other	17	2.43
			6	Refused	12	1.71
DEM4	Highest grade/year of school completed	Num 8	1	< High School	46	6.56
			2	High School Graduate/GED	137	19.54
			3	Some College/vocational school (no degree)	179	25.53
			4	2-year college/vocational/Associate’s degree	114	16.26
			5	4-year college or higher (BA, BS, MA, MS, PhD)	225	32.10
TOB1	Ever smoked a cigarette, even one or two puffs?	Num 8	1	Yes	342	48.79
			2	No (Go to Section 3)	359	51.21
TOB2	[Ask if TOB1=1] On how many of the past 30 days did you smoke a cigarette?	Num 8	.L	Legitimate Skip	359	51.21
			0-30	Valid Range	342	48.79
TOB3	[Ask if TOB1=1] Smoked at least 100 cigarettes in your life?	Num 8	.E	Expected Reply, Not Answered	7	1.00
			.L	Legitimate Skip	359	51.21
			1	Yes	166	23.68
			2	No	169	24.11
TOB4	[Ask if TOB1=1] Stopped smoking cigarettes for 1 or more days because trying to quit?	Num 8	.L	Legitimate Skip	359	51.21
			1	Yes	190	27.10
			2	No	152	21.68
TOB5	[Ask if TOB1=1 and TOB2>0] In the next 3 months do you think your will ...	Num 8	.E	Expected Reply, Not Answered	39	5.56
			.L	Legitimate Skip	365	52.07
			1	Smoke the same amount	175	24.96
			2	Increase the amount of cigarettes smoked	75	10.70
			3	Decrease the amount of cigarettes smoked	23	3.28
			4	Quit smoking cigarettes altogether	24	3.42
PG1	[Ask if DEM2=1] Ever been pregnant?	Num 8	.L	Legitimate Skip	370	52.78
			1	Yes	159	22.68
			2	No (Go to End of Survey)	172	24.54
PG2	[Ask if DEM2=1 AND PG1=1] How many pregnancies have you had?	Num 8	.L	Legitimate Skip	542	77.32
			1-10	Valid Range	159	22.68
PG3	[Ask if DEM2=1 AND PG1=1 AND VERSION>1] How many pregnancies did you have that did not result in live birth?	Num 8	.L	Legitimate Skip	425	60.63
			.N	Question Not Available	149	21.26
			1-10	Valid Range	127	18.12
PG4	[Ask if DEM2=1 AND PG1=1] Are you pregnant now?	Num 8	.L	Legitimate Skip	542	77.32
			1	Yes	41	5.85
			2	No (Go to End of Survey)	79	11.27
			3	Unsure (Go to End of Survey)	39	5.56
PG5	[Ask if DEM2=1 AND PG4=1 AND PG1=1] How many months pregnant are you?	Num 8	.L	Legitimate Skip	660	94.15
			0-9	Valid Range	41	5.85