Chapter 18
IN THIS CHAPTER
Exploring the VUCA world concept
Understanding the changing talent development environment
Predicting a vision of the future
Determining how to prepare yourself for the future
Smart phones, smart cars, smart homes, virtual reality. Growing corporate networks, exciting technology, and the Internet have created expectations for “smart” learning everywhere. The ability to integrate tools is nothing short of amazing. As we move to a world without computers, just smart networked objects, everything will be connected. TD professionals need to determine how to connect employees to the learning they need to be “smart,” too.
Organizations are pushing the boundaries of artificial intelligence. They will use the wealth of data that will soon be available to them to do everything from innovate their services and products to gain a competitive advantage to reverse-engineer customer dissatisfaction.
In talent development, you’ll see more wearables that support learners, a stronger emphasis on gaining employee experience, and mainstreamed virtual reality. The downside is that the great reshuffle of employees experienced in 2022 is just the beginning. In addition, experts predict that the world will see a skilled labor shortage like never before.
This chapter examines the workplace of the future and what it means for the changing talent development environment. The chapter also helps you determine how you can prepare for your TD future.
Rapid technological change; new, tougher competition; a demographically changing workforce; increased globalization; higher customer expectations; greater employee expectations; a constantly increasing rate of change — these are some of the incredible number of pressures being placed on organizations today. Your organization is facing all these pressures, and they require your attention. Where there are new challenges, there is a need for new knowledge and skills. This section looks at some of the workplace challenges and trends that affect the training profession.
All organizations are changing — what an understatement! As you read through the list of changes, think about what your TD department is doing to prepare your organization and its employees to address each of them. Also consider what skills you require in order to make a difference.
The world is more connected. Globalization is good in many ways, but the downside is that people may be in demand around the clock. Also, many organizations must integrate systems to work in all local areas to centralize and integrate data for decision making. What information can you share with your workforce to create excellent working relations among people in different areas of the world? How can talent development take advantage of the connected world?
Unique differences occur in every language. For example, using the colloquialism of “Are you pulling a fast one?” doesn’t make much sense to someone just learning the language. Say instead, “Are you trying to trick me?” Similarly, sarcasm may be misunderstood or seem too aggressive. “Sure it is!” stated sarcastically will be better understood if you say “I don’t think that is correct.”
If you were wearing your “critical-thinking skills” cap, you would easily see that your job is essential to your organization’s success. You could be pulled into every one of these trends. They may affect your job directly, or you may be asked to support or find a solution for any of them.
You know about the virus — COVID, that is. I mention it several times throughout the book. I also mention VUCA (Chapters 8 and 13), which stands for volatile, uncertain, complex, and ambiguous — terms that reflect the unstable and rapidly changing business world we live in today. Here’s a deeper look at what VUCA stands for:
The military-derived acronym and phrase, the VUCA world, was introduced in the late 1990s. The VUCA environment demands that talent development must change its strategy and processes so that TD professionals can better support their organizations.
Your organization must be agile and adaptable to thrive in this evolving business environment. You support your organization; therefore, you, too, must be agile and adaptable. Your organization is becoming more flexible, networked, global, and virtual. Your work as a TD professional mimics those same requirements. You experience change with the onslaught of virtual and hybrid classrooms, social and mobile-influenced learning tools, gamification, and your expanded job description.
As a TD professional, you are feeling this same disruption.
Your leaders are operating in a VUCA world. If your organization is struggling, it is at least partially due to VUCA and the speed of change. All organizations are in the midst of it.
Many studies in the past 10 years concluded that organizations had to become more adaptive and to learn better, faster, and more economically than their competition to survive. Few organizations had adapted fast enough to be competitive before the pandemic, and many are still trying to catch up.
What does this need for adaptation have to do with you? As a talent development professional, you must help to position your organization to be more successful. You need to help your organization learn and develop better, faster, and more economically than the competition.
Table 18-1 summarizes some of the things you and your TD function need to implement now. I’ve discussed some of these in other parts of this book.
TABLE 18-1 Changes in the TD Function
From Today’s Expectations … | … to Tomorrow’s Demands |
---|---|
Learning departments push courses | Employees pull what they need to learn when they need it. |
Focus is on knowledge, skills, attitude. | Experiential learning increases. |
Focus is on eLearning, classes, individual development plans, and learning from experts. | There is more dependence on informal, on-the-job and social interaction. |
Emphasis is on closing performance gaps and gaining competencies as defined by supervisors. | Emphasis is on learning to learn and finding ways to answer immediate requirements. |
Learning is contained and approved internally to the organization. | Learning occurs both internally and out in the community as well as outside the country. |
The trends identified in Table 18-1 are leading to a dramatic reshaping of the workforce and the workplace. You can also see how closely tied the training profession is to these trends. The definition of an employee is on the cusp of a transformation. Employee attitudes and expectations for flexibility will influence where, when, and how people work. Dynamic and agile team structures will become the norm, and the default mode of employment will look more like a contractor for hire than an employee. We already see that the location of work will vary widely. Offices will continue to serve as temporary anchor points for human interaction rather than daily travel destinations. Smart systems will emerge and collaborate with humans, changing the nature of work, and driving a reimagining of work content and work process.
Some of the challenges of the TD profession have been around for some time, and they aren’t going away. Entire books have been written about the topics within this chapter, which means that it’s barely scratching the surface of the topics as well as how and why they’re important to you.
Spending on learning and development has risen over the past several years. Increased spending means bigger budgets. Yeah! It also means more work. Be prepared to continue working leaner, harder, and faster. Although spending for development is up, it is off pace with revenue growth, suggesting that companies are doing more with less.
Finding ways to continue to provide services to your organization’s growing list of requirements may seem daunting at times. What can you do? Begin by ensuring excellent communication with your organization’s leadership. What are their priorities? Where will you obtain the best return on investment? What else can you do? These suggestions are a start:
Human capital is precious and scarce. According to Korn Ferry, more than 85 million jobs could go unfilled globally by 2030 because of a lack of skilled talent. Unique talent in specialized occupations is more important for organizational success, yet harder to find. How do you attract these people to your organization and keep them? Now before you say “that’s not my job,” think about this: Trainers understand what it takes to draw people in, to create involvement, to engage employees, and to provide an active learning experience. It starts with a good onboarding program for a superior “first impression,” followed by fabulous training and development.
Is this your job? Yes. Then after a new employee is on board, your development roles take over. Even this part of your job must change. The pace of technological change accelerates each year, creating even more demand for highly educated people. Your role will be to find ways to train and develop people for the future — maybe for jobs that haven’t even been created yet. Career development is key to employee retention.
This section presents two talent-development requirements under one heading: coaching and essential skills. The focus on both coaching and learning basic human skills will grow. Start by learning whether your organization has reexamined its leadership model to identify which essential skills are most important for it. A recent article on the Harvard Business Insights blog identified five skills required to thrive in the future digital workplace: empathy, communication, adaptability, coaching, and trust building. You’ll want to be skilled at coaching and knowledgeable about the essential skills, as described here:
It turns out that soft skills aren’t so soft; they’re critical. They are essential to every employee’s career success and every organization’s results. Employees are becoming more productive but less able to work with other employees. This is a recipe for disaster when most organizations depend on teamwork to accomplish their mission.
Keep the learning going! Informal learning, the unofficial, impromptu, unscheduled way that most people learn to do their jobs, is responsible for 70–80 percent of all learning. Everyone learns on the job. Whether you help yourself, receive assignments from your supervisor, learn from experiences, tap into the Internet, ask a colleague, or join a professional association, every experience that you have and encourage your learners to have benefits both the individual and the organization. As a trainer, you can create an environment that is supportive and conducive to learning. You will also be responsible for helping to create an organizational culture that supports informal learning. Chapter 14 addresses your role in depth. Here are several tools and options that are available to you:
You can help your organization define its “informal learning” strategy, which means finding the right mix of coaching, mentoring, stretch assignments, rotational assignments, and training interventions to meet the job requirements of today and the future.
Work is changing at a magnitude that we have yet to fully grasp. Technology such as augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR), artificial intelligence (AI), robotics, and big data have an important role in shaping the jobs of the future. Technology changes mean a transformation of current jobs and changes in how people connect to work and each other. Even full-time employees may feel more like consultants and part-time workers as they face unpredictable work schedules and changing rewards and purposes.
What is the metaverse? Well, it doesn’t quite exist except in the minds of some people. It started as science fiction, with its name coined by Neal Stephenson in his 1992 novel Snow Crash.
Facebook describes the metaverse as “a set of virtual spaces where you can create and explore with other people who aren’t in the same physical space as you.” Imagine a hybrid training as a digital experience through which everyone can interact and move about the room as if they were actually there.
For now, prepare yourself by grasping the opportunities that exist within the technology available today with AR and VR.
As trainers, we are tuned into the challenges our organizations face, and we need to accept challenges as a permanent business reality and find the best way to provide support. One obvious way we can provide support is to use technology wisely. I address technology options for training throughout this book. Know what’s available and how to use it. With a growing hybrid workforce and limited travel, think about all the tools you have that weren’t available just a few short years ago. Take time to integrate all the technologies and tools that your organization uses. Review your most implemented training program. How can you use technology effectively? Consider whether you can do any of these things:
Assisting learners to learn faster and retain knowledge longer is one way for trainers to help their organizations deal with the VUCA world. As I note in Chapter 2, insights into how the brain learns can help you be a better trainer. Your brain doesn’t just receive information — it processes it. The brain sorts out all incoming information and tries to make connections. The brain starts learning because it has a question about where new information fits. If adults are invited to ask questions about new information, their brains can do a better job of connecting the new with information they’ve already stored. That’s because the act of learning begins with a question. If the brain isn’t curious about incoming information, it takes the path of least resistance and focuses on something else.
A high AGES score is required for participants to recall ideas. Attention, generation, emotion, and spacing form the AGES model. Practicing in the form of small-group work, gamification, contests, or team teaching can all increase a learning event’s AGES score and help to ensure that you provide support to help your organization’s employees learn better and faster.
One of the outcomes of the brain-based research is the value in presenting content in smaller chunks — even pill size. In addition, trainers are often challenged to present “must know” and not “nice to know” content. Focusing on only “must know” has never been more critical than today. Learners are swamped by a sea of information every day — or as some call it, data smog. You have an obligation to avoid adding to the data smog by identifying only the micro-bursts of information that are critical for your learners to know and that are timed close to the time they need to know them. Align these decisions to your corporate strategy.
Technology can come to the rescue. Mobile learning, social media, job aids (electronic or not), videos, mentoring, coaching, QR codes, podcasts, micro-learning, and other options support your delivery of just-in-time capsules of information: what they need, when they need it, and where they need it.
It will be up to you to determine the least amount of information your learners need to know and to deliver it in bite-sized, right-sized portions.
The pandemic response in 2020 demonstrated how rapidly organizations could pivot to virtual, instructor-led training to reach employees working from home. A McKinsey study concluded that organizations need to “pair virtual sessions with safe, high-impact in-person experiences” to see an impact and the sustainability of new behaviors.
You will also be expected to consider new norms of virtual etiquette. To reduce screen fatigue and build trust, groups may need to create norms about when to have people on or off camera, when to mute, and the best use of virtual or physical backgrounds.
Begin to learn all you can about augmented reality (AR, a combination of real and virtual worlds) and virtual reality (VR, which replaces the physical world with a virtual simulation). Both provide safe training opportunities to practice a new skill in a real, physical environment. You likely hold an AR device in your hand every day in the form of a smartphone.
Although virtual training is exciting, be sure to use other elements such as micro-learning activities and short videos. Blending asynchronous digital elements with focused, instructor-led learning experiences will deliver compelling learning that can be integrated into daily life for learners on the go. Be sure to review the hybrid suggestions in Chapters 5 and 9. Skilled virtual facilitators are key to results-oriented training.
What about those times when you’re expected to design an interactive training session on short notice? Or when management asks you to condense your session down from a day to two hours? Impossible, you say? You may feel that way, but as the trends clearly show, efficiency and productivity take precedence now. Because having short notice to do anything is more the norm than the exception, these suggestions will help you next time it occurs:
Next time you’re asked to do the impossible, just smile and start running!
When conducting training for people from another country or culture that isn’t typical for you, learn all you can. For example, learn to pronounce the names of your participants, and respect personal preferences. If participants have introduced themselves as Ms. or Dr., they’re indicating a strong preference to be addressed in a more formal context. Recognize that a highly participative learning approach may be uncomfortable for some cultures. For example, some cultures don’t view direct eye contact as positively as many people who live in the United States do.
Diverse cultures require additional effort. A diverse audience requires that trainers speak clearly; are careful about giving feedback; frequently check for understanding; give instructions in the same sequence in which they are to be followed; and avoid single-country or nondiverse references. In addition, you should take care with jokes or other potentially offensive remarks, and repeat information when necessary. Make everyone in your session feel included and valued.
As baby boomers retire, only half of the positions vacated will have experienced workers to fill them. Millennials will have early promotion opportunities and will require an accelerated rate of development. Consider these tips for designing and delivering training to millennials:
Circumstances are different throughout the world, and what has been successful in the past may not be successful today. All the millennials are currently old enough to have joined the workforce, so many are available and ready for your development.
What is “learning to learn?” Despite hearing the popular phrase, there is no general consensus about just what “learning to learn” means or what an approach might include. You may hear it combined with other popular trends such as support for the lifelong learner or ideas on how to enhance personalized learning. In general, the concept draws on themes from thinking skills, cognitive science, self-esteem, and others. Identified skills might include a person’s ability to pursue and persist in learning, to organize content and time to learn, awareness of one’s own learning needs, or the ability to internalize and apply the learning.
Acquiring new skills instantly and constantly is critical to success in the VUCA world in which we live. An article in Harvard Business Review titled “Learning to Learn,” by Erika Andersen, presents four attributes of people who learn in difficult settings: aspiration, self-awareness, curiosity, and vulnerability. The article states that these people truly want to understand and master new skills; they see themselves very clearly; they constantly think of and ask good questions; and they tolerate their own mistakes as they move up the learning curve.
Did anyone teach you ways to read efficiently? Or how to study for tests? Or how to take notes? It’s not likely. Learning is something we all do from the moment we’re born, so most of us likely take this complex process for granted. You probably have your own thoughts about what it means to learn, and over the years you may have created your own system for success based on your assumptions. As a rule, however, few of us were taught how to learn in school.
Learning to learn has its own set of steps: diagnosing one’s need for learning; establishing goals; identifying essential information; determining patterns; and seeking help when needed. It also means using efficient memory tactics and spacing the intake of information. These aren’t the kinds of skills that we either seek or learn naturally. We need to be introduced to the concept.
The best organizations ensure that their employees know how to learn. This isn’t just important — it’s critical.
The future of learning is here — now. The classroom is no longer bound by walls or calendar dates. According to David Powell of CCL and originator of the Persistent Classroom, the learning future is all around us — wherever our smartphone lies, whenever the time is right, and through whichever mode makes the most sense. In the future, learners won’t come to a classroom; the classroom will come to them, bound by neither date nor location.
Learning spaces in the future will be “always on.” Everyone will be connected regardless of physical location. People will learn together but be physically apart. We will learn by multiplying and intensifying our connections.
Even today, we recognize that trainers will be only one source of knowledge. When learners inhabit a radically connected learning space, expert knowledge holders (and what they know) are both student and teacher and are just a click away. When designing a curriculum, you should break down content into a series of bite-sized pieces. Think snacks, not meals. Traditional location-based instructional design needs to be reimagined for unwalled learning spaces, where learners drop in and out of the content stream.
In the future, people will inhabit a personally curated educational world in which the curriculum is designed, moment to moment, by the participant. Instructional designers and trainers will work in a world where participants have involvement equal to the trainer.
Yes, change is the only constant in today’s world. A successful training professional embraces change and welcomes the new roles that come with it. How do you stay on top of all these trends and roles?
This section considers some suggestions for how to prepare for your career in the exciting time ahead. Your challenge is to stay in touch with the dilemmas that your leaders and organizations face, and to be ready to provide what they need. Here are three things you can ponder about your future:
Remember what you read earlier about the VUCA world: The volatility, uncertainty, complexity, and ambiguity inherent in today’s business world is the “new normal,” and it is profoundly changing how organizations do business.
The skills and abilities that leaders once needed to help their organizations thrive are no longer sufficient. Today, more strategic, complex, critical-thinking skills are required. All trainers can help their organizations succeed in today’s VUCA environment. You can do your part to develop a workforce that counters volatility, uncertainty, complexity, and ambiguity.
Applying the VUCA model as a framework to retool employee development models may enable companies to identify and foster the skills that organizations need now and in the future.
Pause for a moment and think about it. Even generally, what does it take to work in a VUCA world? Yes, of course the technical and job-related skills, but what’s needed to be successful in a VUCA world? What do your current and future employees need to develop to be successful? What are the white-space skills — those skills that are between the job requirements and competencies?
Imagine that your CEO comes to you and says, “Our employees need more vision, understanding, clarity, and agility.” What are you going to say?
I’ve identified half a dozen skills in each area that provide some meaningful topics reducible to KSAs (knowledge, skills, and attitudes) and should be helpful. They certainly aren’t all-inclusive, and there is some crossover among them. Here are skills you can consider:
All these skills require complete, concise, and timely communication and relationship building. That might be a list of “content” that you need to deliver — whether formally in a classroom, asynchronously online, in a book, informally through discussions, using your social networks, through coaches or mentors, on apps, on a webcast, in a brown-bag presentation, or through a college course; the venue or means doesn’t matter.
Now, how about you? How do you prepare yourself? Think about your own development and what you need to do to stay ahead.
Here are a dozen roles the training profession is experiencing. Some are tongue-in-cheek titles, but every role will be necessary soon and describes talent that you should pay attention to. So sit back, relax, and select a new job for yourself!
Yes, some of these roles may not exist, but even without knowing what real roles will exist in the future, you can continue to work on your own development. Share your needs and hopes for continued development. Broaden your skills and knowledge. Learn to be flexible and to watch for opportunities to learn new skills. Learn everything you can about your industry. Set goals and build development plans for your future.
You represent learning. You must model lifelong learning. If not you, who? Be accountable for your own development. Let the rest of the organizations see that you take learning seriously. Stay ahead of the change. One of the most important roles you model is to be a Lifelong Learner Extraordinaire.
The profession has used the term lifelong learning since the 1990s, but you will be expected to model this to extreme. You will have lots to learn to keep up with in your own VUCA world. You will need to be able to immerse yourself in a topic, technique, process, data, whatever, and come up for air with insight for the organization and what it will take to bring the workforce along to accomplish the strategy. Be sure to take the time to keep your skills and knowledge on the cutting edge with continuous learning. Dedicate yourself to lifelong professional development.
Becoming a lifelong learner isn’t new to the training profession — in fact, we invented the idea. Have you ever thought about all the skills you need to be proficient? I sometimes get exhausted just thinking about everything I need to do my job. This is what makes the job so exciting, but it’s also what necessitates becoming lifelong learners.
Develop your skills and knowledge to maintain your place on the cutting edge. By doing so, you’re providing the kind of development opportunities your employer and your participants expect and deserve. You owe it to yourself to continue to develop your skills and increase your knowledge. Staying in touch with the changes and the excitement of the profession will keep you enthusiastic and passionate about what you do. You need to learn continuously. Learning is paramount in order to achieve all that you’re capable of doing.
Step back and take stock of where you are and where you want to be. Determine some measure of success, drive a stake in the ground, and head for it. You can establish measures that include both knowledge and skills. Next, identify a developmental plan for continued growth. Consider several strategies. Make a list of all the things you would like to learn — professionally and personally. Remember, this is an investment in you. If you won’t invest in you, who will?
Yes, it’s important to maintain your professional spark. It is equally important to maintain your personal spark. How?
Make a list of everything that inspires and rejuvenates you. Put it where you will see it every day. Find the passion in your life. Trainers need to have a spark because we light fires for so many others. Love what you do and do what you love. Becoming a lifelong learner is exciting. It is sure to put passion back in your life.
There’s a side benefit to maintaining your spark. CCL research has found that the practices listed in this section are exactly the kinds of things you need to build resilience — yes, that same resilience that’s on every leader’s list as one of the top skills employees need to improve right now.
You’ve reached the end of this section, but think of it as just the beginning of your exciting profession in talent development. David Peterson, director of executive coaching and leadership at Google, says, “Staying within your comfort zone is a good way to prepare for today, but it’s a terrible way to prepare for tomorrow.”
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