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iSCSI Implementation and Best Practices on IBM Storwize Storage Systems

Author Anuj Chandra Jonathan Burton Jordan Fincher , Kushal Patel , Torsten Rothenwaldt
Release Date: 2017/10/01
ISBN: 9780738442754
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Book Description

Abstract

This IBM® Redbooks® publication helps administrators and technical professionals understand Internet Small Computer System Interface (iSCSI) and how to implement it for use with IBM Storwize® storage systems. iSCSI can be used alone or with other technologies.

This publication provides an overview of the iSCSI protocol and helps you understand how it is similar to and different from Fibre Channel (FC) technology. It helps you plan and design your network topology. It explains how to configure your IBM Storwize storage systems and hosts (including IBM AIX®, Linux, VMware, and Microsoft Windows hosts) to interact with it. It also provides an overview of using IBM Storwize storage systems with OpenStack.

This book describes configuring iSCSI for IBM Storwize and SAN Volume Controller storage systems at Version 7.6 or later.

In addition to configuration, this publication provides information about performance and troubleshooting.

Table of Contents

  1. Front cover
  2. Notices
    1. Trademarks
  3. Preface
    1. Authors
    2. Now you can become a published author, too!
    3. Comments welcome
    4. Stay connected to IBM Redbooks
  4. Summary of changes
    1. October 2017, Second Edition
  5. Part 1 iSCSI overview
  6. Chapter 1. Use cases for iSCSI virtualization
    1. 1.1 Consolidating iSCSI storage consolidation
    2. 1.2 Removing capacity silos from data centers
    3. 1.3 Improving the performance of iSCSI storage systems
  7. Chapter 2. Introduction to iSCSI in IBM Storwize storage systems
    1. 2.1 What iSCSI is
    2. 2.2 iSCSI sessions
      1. 2.2.1 Components of an iSCSI session
      2. 2.2.2 The three phases of iSCSI login
    3. 2.3 iSCSI adapters
      1. 2.3.1 Ethernet card (network interface card)
      2. 2.3.2 TCP offload engine
      3. 2.3.3 iSCSI offload engine
    4. 2.4 iSCSI routing
    5. 2.5 Ethernet for iSCSI
      1. 2.5.1 Data Center Bridging
      2. 2.5.2 The future of Ethernet and its impact on iSCSI
    6. 2.6 Fibre Channel: FCoE terms and their iSCSI equivalents
      1. 2.6.1 Fibre Channel zoning
      2. 2.6.2 Virtual SAN
      3. 2.6.3 Buffer-to-Buffer credit
      4. 2.6.4 Worldwide name
      5. 2.6.5 Fabric name server
    7. 2.7 Comparison of iSCSI and FCoE
    8. 2.8 Why use iSCSI
      1. 2.8.1 iSCSI is cost-effective
      2. 2.8.2 No distance limitations
      3. 2.8.3 Good interoperability
      4. 2.8.4 Bandwidth usage and Converged Enhanced Ethernet benefits
      5. 2.8.5 Security
  8. Chapter 3. External virtualization and host connectivity interface options for the IBM Storwize family
    1. 3.1 Connectivity options for the IBM Storwize V5000 Gen2 storage system
      1. 3.1.1 Connectivity options for the IBM Storwize V5010 storage system
      2. 3.1.2 Connectivity options for the IBM Storwize V5020 storage system
      3. 3.1.3 Connectivity options for IBM Storwize V5030 and IBM Storwize V5030F storage systems
      4. 3.1.4 IBM Storwize V5010, IBM Storwize V5020, and IBM Storwize V5030 HIC options at a glance
    2. 3.2 Connectivity options for the IBM Storwize V7000 storage system
      1. 3.2.1 External connectivity options for the IBM Storwize V7000 Gen2+
      2. 3.2.2 External connectivity options for the IBM Storwize V7000 Gen2
    3. 3.3 The IBM Storwize V7000 Unified storage system
    4. 3.4 SAN Volume Controller SV1 storage systems
    5. 3.5 Hardware terminology for the IBM Storwize disk systems
      1. 3.5.1 Control enclosures, nodes, and I/O groups
      2. 3.5.2 Expansion enclosures
      3. 3.5.3 IBM Storwize cluster system
      4. 3.5.4 IBM Storwize virtualization
  9. Chapter 4. Planning considerations
    1. 4.1 General considerations
    2. 4.2 Network topology
      1. 4.2.1 Network topology with one Ethernet switch
      2. 4.2.2 Network topology with two VLANs
      3. 4.2.3 Network topology with four VLANs
      4. 4.2.4 Link aggregation between switches
      5. 4.2.5 iSCSI that uses a Layer 3 network topology
      6. 4.2.6 IP replication network topology
    3. 4.3 Planning for host access
      1. 4.3.1 Planning for IBM AIX
      2. 4.3.2 Planning for Linux
      3. 4.3.3 Planning for VMware
      4. 4.3.4 Planning for Windows
    4. 4.4 Planning considerations for external virtualization
      1. 4.4.1 Network security
      2. 4.4.2 iSCSI Protocol-specific considerations
      3. 4.4.3 Controller migration considerations
    5. 4.5 IBM Storwize family and iSCSI limits
      1. 4.5.1 Version 7.8 configuration limits and restrictions for the IBM Storwize V3500 storage system
      2. 4.5.2 Version 7.8 configuration limits and restrictions for the IBM Storwize V3700 storage system
      3. 4.5.3 Version 7.8 configuration limits and restrictions for the IBM Storwize V5000 storage system
      4. 4.5.4 Version 7.8 configuration limits and restrictions for the IBM Storwize V7000 storage system
      5. 4.5.5 Version 7.8 configuration limits and restrictions for the SAN Volume Controller storage system
  10. Chapter 5. iSCSI storage connection security
    1. 5.1 iSCSI security model
      1. 5.1.1 iSCSI network security
    2. 5.2 Configuring CHAP for an IBM Storwize storage system
      1. 5.2.1 Configuring CHAP for the IBM Storwize storage system by using the GUI
      2. 5.2.2 Configuring CHAP for the IBM Storwize storage system by using the CLI
    3. 5.3 Configuring CHAP authentication for the host
      1. 5.3.1 Setting up authentication for Linux hosts
      2. 5.3.2 Setting up authentication for Microsoft Windows hosts
      3. 5.3.3 Setting up authentication for AIX hosts
      4. 5.3.4 Setting up authentication for VMware hosts
    4. 5.4 iSCSI security
    5. 5.5 Mandatory security in real-world situations
  11. Chapter 6. IBM Storwize performance
    1. 6.1 Jumbo frames
    2. 6.2 VLAN separation
      1. 6.2.1 VLAN
      2. 6.2.2 Advantages of VLANs
      3. 6.2.3 VLAN and iSCSI performance
    3. 6.3 Subnetting
      1. 6.3.1 Network subnetting
      2. 6.3.2 Subnetting and iSCSI performance
    4. 6.4 Quality of service and traffic prioritization
    5. 6.5 iSCSI protocol digests and performance
  12. Part 2 iSCSI host attachment
  13. Chapter 7. Configuring the IBM Storwize storage system and hosts for iSCSI
    1. 7.1 Configuring the IBM Storwize storage system for iSCSI
      1. 7.1.1 Setting the IBM Storwize iSCSI IP address
      2. 7.1.2 Setting optional iSCSI settings on IBM Storwize storage systems
    2. 7.2 Configuring initiators for iSCSI
      1. 7.2.1 iSCSI discovery mechanisms
      2. 7.2.2 iSCSI operational parameters
      3. 7.2.3 Considerations for enabling TSO for host network adapters
      4. 7.2.4 Host configuration maximums for iSCSI with IBM Storwize storage systems
    3. 7.3 Configuring iSCSI on AIX 7.1
      1. 7.3.1 Ethernet network configuration
      2. 7.3.2 Selecting the discovery policy
      3. 7.3.3 Working with the IBM Storwize storage volume
    4. 7.4 Configuring iSCSI for SUSE Linux Enterprise Server
      1. 7.4.1 Prerequisites for mapping the iSCSI volume
      2. 7.4.2 Ethernet network configuration
      3. 7.4.3 Discovering and logging in to the iSCSI targets
      4. 7.4.4 Understanding iSCSI sessions for software-based initiators
      5. 7.4.5 Working with the IBM Storwize storage volume
    5. 7.5 Configuring iSCSI for Windows 2012
      1. 7.5.1 Prerequisites
      2. 7.5.2 Ethernet network configuration on Windows hosts
      3. 7.5.3 iSCSI target discovery for Windows hosts
    6. 7.6 Configuring iSCSI for VMware ESXi hosts
      1. 7.6.1 Configuring the Ethernet network on the VMware host
    7. 7.7 iSNS server configuration
      1. 7.7.1 Enabling ISNS server in Windows 2012
      2. 7.7.2 Configuring the iSNS server address on an IBM Storwize storage system
      3. 7.7.3 Configuring the iSCSI initiator with iSNS server details
    8. 7.8 Configuring Priority Flow Control for the IBM Storwize storage system
      1. 7.8.1 Requirements for PFC
      2. 7.8.2 Configuring Priority Flow Control on Brocade VDX
      3. 7.8.3 Verifying Priority Flow Control from the IBM Storwize storage system
    9. 7.9 Configuring the iSCSI host for the HyperSwap cluster
      1. 7.9.1 What HyperSwap is
      2. 7.9.2 Host site assignment
      3. 7.9.3 Working with HyperSwap volumes
  14. Chapter 8. IBM Spectrum Virtualize and IBM Storwize performance monitoring
    1. 8.1 Manually gathering performance statistics
      1. 8.1.1 Statistics file naming
    2. 8.2 Real-time performance monitoring
      1. 8.2.1 Real-time performance monitoring with the CLI
      2. 8.2.2 Real-time performance monitoring with the GUI
    3. 8.3 Performance data collection with IBM tools
      1. 8.3.1 IBM Spectrum Control
      2. 8.3.2 IBM Spectrum Control Storage Insights
  15. Chapter 9. IBM Spectrum Virtualize and IBM Storwize storage systems on the OpenStack platform
    1. 9.1 Introduction to OpenStack components
    2. 9.2 Integrating the Cinder driver with IBM Spectrum Virtualize and IBM Storwize storage systems
      1. 9.2.1 Volume creation and host attachment with OpenStack
      2. 9.2.2 Volume attachment from Nova
  16. Chapter 10. Troubleshooting
    1. 10.1 Storage tools on an IBM Storwize storage system
      1. 10.1.1 Management GUI
      2. 10.1.2 Service Assistant GUI
      3. 10.1.3 Command-line interface
      4. 10.1.4 Service CLI
      5. 10.1.5 USB
      6. 10.1.6 Visual indicators (Ethernet port LED status)
    2. 10.2 Storage logs that are used for analysis
      1. 10.2.1 Support Package on the IBM Storwize cluster
      2. 10.2.2 Event log on the IBM Storwize cluster
      3. 10.2.3 Audit log on the IBM Storwize cluster
      4. 10.2.4 Ethernet logs and statistics on IBM Storwize nodes
      5. 10.2.5 iSCSI logs on IBM Storwize nodes
    3. 10.3 Different IP addresses on the IBM Storwize storage system
      1. 10.3.1 Path failover mechanisms in iSCSI on an IBM Storwize storage system
      2. 10.3.2 iSCSI IP failover
    4. 10.4 Problem determination
      1. 10.4.1 Problem determination: Obtaining a basic configuration overview
      2. 10.4.2 Problem determination: Checking the network configuration
      3. 10.4.3 Problem determination: Checking the IBM Storwize configuration
      4. 10.4.4 Problem determination: Checking authentication
      5. 10.4.5 Problem determination: Checking active sessions from the IBM Storwize storage system
      6. 10.4.6 Problem determination: Checking a host configuration
      7. 10.4.7 Problem determination: Checking for performance problems
  17. Part 3 iSCSI virtualization
  18. Chapter 11. iSCSI virtualization overview
    1. 11.1 Planning considerations for iSCSI virtualization
      1. 11.1.1 Fibre Channel versus iSCSI virtualization
      2. 11.1.2 Storage port configuration model
      3. 11.1.3 Controller considerations
      4. 11.1.4 Stretched cluster and HyperSwap topology
      5. 11.1.5 Security
      6. 11.1.6 Limits and considerations
    2. 11.2 iSCSI external virtualization steps
      1. 11.2.1 Port selection
      2. 11.2.2 Source port configuration
      3. 11.2.3 Target port configuration
      4. 11.2.4 Host mapping and authentication settings on target controllers
      5. 11.2.5 Understanding the storage port model for a back-end controller
      6. 11.2.6 Discovering storage ports from the initiator
      7. 11.2.7 Viewing the discovery results
      8. 11.2.8 Adding sessions to discovered storage ports
      9. 11.2.9 Viewing established sessions to storage ports
  19. Chapter 12. External virtualization of IBM Storwize storage systems
    1. 12.1 Planning considerations
      1. 12.1.1 Limits and considerations
      2. 12.1.2 Performance considerations
    2. 12.2 Target configuration
      1. 12.2.1 System layer
      2. 12.2.2 Host mappings
      3. 12.2.3 Authentication
      4. 12.2.4 Port configuration
    3. 12.3 Initiator configuration
      1. 12.3.1 Establishing connections and sessions
    4. 12.4 Configuration validation
  20. Chapter 13. Virtualization of IBM Spectrum Accelerate storage systems
    1. 13.1 Planning considerations
      1. 13.1.1 Limits and considerations for IBM XIV, IBM FlashSystem A9000, and IBM Spectrum Accelerate
      2. 13.1.2 Performance considerations
      3. 13.1.3 Migration considerations
    2. 13.2 Target configuration
      1. 13.2.1 Port configuration
      2. 13.2.2 Host mappings and authentication
      3. 13.2.3 Mapping XIV LUNs to the SAN Volume Controller or IBM Storwize system
    3. 13.3 Initiator configuration
      1. 13.3.1 Overview
      2. 13.3.2 Workflow that uses the CLI
      3. 13.3.3 Workflow with GUI
      4. 13.3.4 Configuration validation
  21. Chapter 14. External virtualization of Dell Equallogic PS Series
    1. 14.1 Planning considerations
      1. 14.1.1 Dell Equallogic PS Series connection considerations
      2. 14.1.2 Migration considerations
    2. 14.2 Target configuration
      1. 14.2.1 Port configuration
      2. 14.2.2 Setting up access policies
      3. 14.2.3 Creating volumes and applying access policies
      4. 14.2.4 Modifying the settings of existing volumes
    3. 14.3 Initiator configuration
      1. 14.3.1 GUI workflow
      2. 14.3.2 CLI workflows
  22. Chapter 15. Configuration and administration of iSCSI
    1. 15.1 Changing the iSCSI port configuration
      1. 15.1.1 Changing the iSCSI initiator ports’ IP addresses
      2. 15.1.2 Changing the iSCSI target ports’ IP addresses
      3. 15.1.3 Enabling or disabling iSCSI on IP ports
    2. 15.2 Adding or removing nodes or I/O groups
      1. 15.2.1 Adding nodes
      2. 15.2.2 Removing nodes from a SAN Volume Controller initiator cluster
      3. 15.2.3 Adding ports to the SAN Volume Controller initiator
      4. 15.2.4 Removing ports
    3. 15.3 Changing the system name or node name
      1. 15.3.1 Changing the system name or node name of the initiator (SAN Volume Controller system)
    4. 15.4 Changing the CHAP configuration
      1. 15.4.1 General considerations
      2. 15.4.2 Instructions for a SAN Volume Controller or IBM Storwize initiator system with an IBM Storwize target system
    5. 15.5 Changing the number of LUNs, ports, and IQNs in an IBM Storwize system
      1. 15.5.1 Adding and removing LUNs exposed from IBM Storwize or XIV controllers
      2. 15.5.2 Adding LUNs from a Dell EqualLogic controller
      3. 15.5.3 Removing LUNs from a Dell EqualLogic controller
  23. Chapter 16. Troubleshooting iSCSi virtualization
    1. 16.1 Troubleshooting iSCSI target discovery
      1. 16.1.1 Problems with initial discovery
      2. 16.1.2 Problems adding a storage port
    2. 16.2 Troubleshooting a degraded or offline status
      1. 16.2.1 Restoring an offline MDisk or storage controller
      2. 16.2.2 Restoring degraded MDisks or storage controllers
    3. 16.3 Performance issues
  24. Related publications
    1. IBM Redbooks
    2. Online resources
    3. Help from IBM
  25. Back cover
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