Title page
by Hussein Mohamed Nabil Nassar, Nour Shafik El-Gendy
Biodesulfurization in Petroleum Refining
- Cover
- Title page
- Copyright page
- Preface
- Chapter 1: Background
- Chapter 2: Desulfurization Technologies
- Chapter 3: Biodesulfurization of Natural Gas
- Chapter 4: Microbial Denitrogenation of Petroleum and its Fractions
- List of Abbreviations and Nomenclature
- 4.1 Introduction
- 4.2 Denitrogenation of Petroleum and its Fractions
- 4.3 Microbial Attack of Nitrogen Polyaromatic Heterocyclic Compounds (NPAHs)
- 4.4 Enhancing Biodegradation of NPAHs by Magnetic Nanoparticles
- 4.5 Challenges and Opportunities for BDN in Petroleum Industries
- References
- Chapter 5: Bioadsorptive Desulfurization of Liquid Fuels
- List of Abbreviations and Nomenclature
- 5.1 Introduction
- 5.2 ADS by Agroindustrial-Wastes Activated Carbon
- 5.3 ADS on Modified Activated Carbon
- 5.4 ADS on Carbon Aerogels
- 5.5 ADS on Activated Carbon Fibers
- 5.6 ADS on Natural Clay and Zeolites
- 5.7 ADS on New Adsorbents Prepared from Different Biowastes
- References
- Chapter 6: Microbial Attack of Organosulfur Compounds
- Chapter 7: Enzymology and Genetics of Biodesulfurization Process
- Chapter 8: Factors Affecting the Biodesulfurization Process
- List of Abbreviations and Nomenclature
- 8.1 Introduction
- 8.2 Effect of Incubation Period
- 8.3 Effect of Temperature and pH
- 8.4 Effect of Dissolved Oxygen Concentration
- 8.5 Effect of Agitation Speed
- 8.6 Effect of Initial Biomass Concentration
- 8.7 Effect of Biocatalyst Age
- 8.8 Effect of Mass Transfer
- 8.9 Effect of Surfactant
- 8.10 Effect of Initial Sulfur Concentration
- 8.11 Effect of Type of S-Compounds
- 8.12 Effect of Organic Solvent and Oil to Water Phase Ratio
- 8.13 Effect of Medium Composition
- 8.14 Effect of Growing and Resting Cells
- 8.15 Inhibitory Effect of Byproducts
- 8.16 Statistical Optimization
- References
- Chapter 9: Kinetics of Batch Biodesulfurization Process
- List of Abbreviations and Nomenclature
- 9.1 Introduction
- 9.2 General Background
- 9.3 Microbial Growth Kinetics
- 9.4 Some of the Classical Kinetic Models Applied in BDS-Studies
- 9.5 Factors Affecting the Rate of Microbial Growth
- 9.6 Enzyme Kinetics
- 9.7 Michaelis-Menten Equation
- 9.8 Kinetics of a Multi-Substrates System
- 9.9 Traditional 4S-Pathway
- 9.10 Different Kinetic Studies on the Parameters Affecting the BDS Process
- 9.11 Evaluation of the Tested Biocatalysts
- References
- Chapter 10: Enhancement of BDS Efficiency
- List of Abbreviations and Nomenclature
- 10.1 Introduction
- 10.2 Isolation of Selective Biodesulfurizing Microorganisms with Broad Versatility on Different S-Compounds
- 10.3 Genetics and its Role in Improvement of BDS Process
- 10.4 Overcoming the Repression Effects of Byproducts
- 10.5 Enzymatic Oxidation of Organosulfur Compounds
- 10.6 Enhancement of Biodesulfurization via Immobilization
- 10.7 Application of Nano-Technology in BDS Process
- 10.8 Role of Analytical Techniques in BDS
- References
- Chapter 11: Biodesulfurization of Real Oil Feed
- List of Abbreviations and Nomenclature
- 11.1 Introduction
- 11.2 Biodesulfurization of Crude Oil
- 11.3 Biodesulfurization of Different Oil Distillates
- 11.4 BDS of Crude Oil and its Distillates by Thermophilic Microorganisms
- 11.5 Application of Yeast and Fungi in BDS of Real Oil Feed
- 11.6 Biocatalytic Oxidation
- 11.7 Anaerobic BDS of Real Oil Feed
- 11.8 Deep Desulfurization of Fuel Streams by Integrating Microbial with Non-Microbial Methods
- 11.9 BDS of other Petroleum Products
- References
- Chapter 12: Challenges and Opportunities
- List of Abbreviations and Nomenclature
- 12.1 Introduction
- 12.2 New Strains with Broad Versatility
- 12.3 New Strains with Higher Hydrocarbon Tolerance
- 12.4 Overcoming the Feedback Inhibition of the End-Products
- 12.5 Biodesulfurization under Thermophilic Conditions
- 12.6 Anaerobic Biodesulfurization
- 12.7 Biocatalytic Oxidation
- 12.8 Perspectives for Enhancing the Rate of BDS
- 12.9 Production of Valuable Products
- 12.10 Storage of Fuel and Sulfur
- 12.11 Process Engineering Research
- 12.12 BDS Process of Real Oil Feed
- 12.13 BDS as a Complementary Technology
- 12.14 Future Perspectives
- 12.15 Techno-Economic Studies
- 12.16 Economic Feasibility
- 12.17 Fields of Developments
- 12.18 BDS Now and Then
- 12.19 Conclusion
- References
- Glossary
- Index
- End User License Agreement
Biodesulfurization in Petroleum Refining
Nour Shafik El-Gendy
Hussein Nabil Nassar
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