Index
A
Access control, digital identity verification for, 30
applying blockchain to f2ood industry, 5
attributes of enterprise blockchain, 3
Accounting, making blockchain consumable, 55–56
Advertising, blockchain opportunities, 36–37
AIG, 31
Airbnb, 27
Airlines, blockchain opportunities, 39
Architecture, token evaluation model and, 76–77
blockchain preventing counterfeiting, 12
securing personal data, 168
transparency of decision making, 169–170
trusted models, 169
Asset bridging, exchange mechanisms, 78
Asset/land registration, example of distributed ecosystems, 29
Asset-pair trading, monetization strategies, 139
assumptions underlying enterprise blockchain infrastructure, 81
government registration of, 35
tokens. See Tokenization
Auditing, making blockchain consumable, 55
Authentication, making blockchain consumable, 55
Authorization, making blockchain consumable, 55
Automation of business processes, using smart contracts, 24
Automotive industry, blockchain opportunities, 37–38
The Autonomous Car, 6
B
B2B (Business-to-business), permissioned blockchain and, 58
Banking and financial markets, blockchain opportunities, 29
business valuation techniques, 144
valuation models for blockchain network, 150
BFT (Byzantine Fault Tolerant) consensus model, 54
blockchain compared with, 1
governance mechanisms, 107
permissionless blockchain and, 58
unregulated rogue nature of, 52
BitTorrent, 125
Blockchain architects, project team roles, 131
Blockchain business networks. See also Networks
business network governance, 114–117, 119
governance disciplines, 109–110
network infrastructure governance, 120–121
network membership governance, 112–114, 120
SCTrustNet governance structure, 118
technology infrastructure governance, 110–112
Blockchain consultants, project team roles, 130
Blockchain developers, project team roles, 131
connecting social benefit and business benefit, 9–12
dream large, act incrementally, 6–7
governance, 8
motivating network members, 7–8
questions from business and technology leaders, 12–16
trailblazer implementations, 5–6
types of blockchain, 59
Blockchain investment rubric. See Investment rubric
Blockchain model risk framework (BMRF)
investment and, 147
risk modeling, 159
Blockchain technology solution team, 134
BSSs (Business support services), 112
business models for permissioned blockchain, 96–97
table summarizing, 103
Build-Own-Operate-Transfer (BOOT)
business models for permissioned blockchain, 96–97
overview of, 101
table summarizing, 103
business-driven solutions, 6–7
devising business and technology blueprints, 156–157
devising business blueprint for blockchain model, 90–91
risk modeling, 158
separating business domain from supporting technology, 63–65
token evaluation model applied to solutions, 76–77
Business case. See also Monetization strategy, 137
Business development manager, project team roles, 132
business models for permissioned blockchain, 96–97
table summarizing, 103
Business functions, in enterprise blockchain infrastructure, 81
Business good, connecting social benefit with, 9–12
Business integration, high-level technology issues, 62
Business language, in enterprise blockchain infrastructure, 81
Business models. See also Monetization strategy
Build-Own-Operate (BOO), 100–101, 103
Build-Own-Operate-Transfer (BOOT), 101, 103
business ecosystem, 99–100, 103
challenges of adopting enterprise blockchain, 50
comparing permissioned and permissionless blockchain, 58
devising business blueprint, 90–91
devising technology blueprint, 91–92
elements required for enterprise blockchain maturity, 67
governance mechanisms, 107
identifying appropriate use case, 89–90
integration with existing systems, 92
minimal viable ecosystem (MVE), 144
network extensibility and, 84
steps in adopting blockchain, 88–89
summary, 104
tokenization and, 138
types of blockchain initiatives, 140
checklist, 116
SCTrustNet governance structure, 119
Business objectives, assessing applicability of blockchain, 13
Business rules. See also Smart contracts, 52–53
Business structure. See also Infrastructure; Organizational structure
business network governance and, 116
financial modeling and, 141
Business support services (BSSs), 112
Business-to-business (B2B), permissioned blockchain and, 58
Byrne, Preston, 72
Byzantine Fault Tolerant (BFT) consensus model, 54
C
Cargo handling, blockchain opportunities, 40
Cars, blockchain opportunities, 37–38
exchange mechanisms, 78
intraprise synergy and, 133
limitations of, 26
organizational structure and, 124
security of personal data and, 168
Chain decision matrix, when to use blockchain, 62–63
Chaincode. See also Smart contracts
blockchain technical building blocks, 52–53
designing business models and, 93
future of blockchain and, 173–176
summary, 47
China UnionPay loyalty program, 37
Clinical trials management, blockchain opportunities, 32–33
CLS Group, 5
Co-creation, network governance and, 115
Co-existence, blockchain with existing systems. See also Integration, 82
advertising supply chain management, 36–37
blockchain opportunities, 33–34
loyalty programs, 37
supply chain management, 34
Commercialization of protocol, as monetization strategy, 139
business network governance and, 115
privacy of, 62
Competitive advantage, blockchain driving growth, 14
Compliance, blockchain opportunities, 35
Confidentiality, governance mechanisms, 107
blockchain technical vehicles for, 52
decentralized networks, 107
effective use of blockchain and, 80
as technological challenge, 46
token evaluation model, 77
verification and fairness in transactions, 23–24
business models for permissioned blockchain, 96–97
data ownership structure, 113
resource optimization, 112
risk optimization, 112
roles in, 127
table summarizing, 102
Consumability, of blockchain, 54–55
Consumer products, blockchain opportunities, 33
Contracts, smart. See Smart contracts
Control. See also Governance
effective use of blockchain and, 80
enterprise blockchain infrastructure and, 81
in HACERA Unbounded Registry, 165
interoperability and, 46
open source blockchain platforms, 15
of implementing blockchain, 15–16
reducing with blockchain use, 2
immutability of blockchain and, 21–22
CRM (Customer-relationship management), 54
Cross-chain transactions, exchange mechanisms, 78
Crypto Anchor Verifier project, 12
asset token fungibility, 75–76
governance mechanisms, 107
tokens compared with. See also Cryptocurrency, 73
Crypto developers, project team roles, 130
blockchain compared with bitcoin, 1
blockchain foundation of, 40
blockchain validation and, 23
defined, 70
stable coins, 72
tokens compared with, 73
blockchain protocols, 51
challenges of adopting enterprise blockchain, 50
Customer-relationship management (CRM), 54
Cybercurrency. See also Cryptocurrency, 52
identifying and preventing vulnerabilities, 22
D
clinical trials management, 32–33
identifying and preventing security vulnerabilities, 22
network membership governance and, 113
security of personal data, 168
consensus and, 107
distributed maintenance, 111
distributed organizational structure, 26–27
effective use of blockchain and, 80–81
intraprise synergy and, 133
organizational structure, 125
permissioned blockchain (public) and, 60
security benefits of blockchain, 23
Decentralized exchanges (DEXes), 78
Decision-making, consensus vehicles, 52
Deployment strategy, technology infrastructure governance and, 112
of blockchain network, 15
devising business blueprint, 90–91
devising technology blueprint, 91–92
separating business domain from supporting technology, 63–65
dedicated blockchain development team, 15
DEXes (Decentralized exchanges), 78
Digital assets. See Tokenization
blockchain opportunities, 30
elements for enterprise blockchain maturity, 66–67
Digitization. See also Tokenization
permissionless blockchain and, 70
token revolution and, 68
token value models in the instance economy, 74
Dispute resolution, membership governance and, 113
Disruptive elements/technologies
examples, 94
mitigation of, 95
overview of, 20
transparency, 21
Distributed organizational structures. See also Decentralization, 26–27
Distributed (shared) ledger, blockchain technical building blocks, 51
Dream large and act incrementally, 6–7
E
Economic value, token evaluation model, 76–77
Economies of scale, business network governance and, 115
peer-to-peer. See Peer-to-peer (P2P)
transaction-based, 61
blockchain addressing key aspects of transaction-based economy, 61
business ecosystem, 96–97, 99–100, 103
minimal viable. See Minimal viable ecosystem (MVE)
Electronic data capture (EDC), 32
End-to-end supports, blockchain challenges, 47
applications, 56
elements required for maturity, 66–67
founders, 127
IBM Block chain free tiers, 16
illustration of, 57
members, 127
operators, 128
platform, 63
roles, 126
types of business networks and corresponding blockchain applications, 81–82
users, 128
Enterprise blockchain adoption
devising business blueprint, 90–91
devising technology blueprint, 91–92
ensuring integration with existing systems, 92
identifying appropriate use case, 89–90
business model analyzing impact of use case on, 89
integration of, 62
Entertainment, blockchain opportunities, 35–36
Escherichia coli (E. coli), reducing foodborne illness, 9–10
in HACERA Unbounded Registry, 165–166
interoperability and, 46
open source blockchain platforms, 15
The Event Ticketing solution, 6
example of blockchain trailblazers, 6
mobility services, 38
Exchange conditions, business network governance and, 116
monetization and, 139
Extensibility, of blockchain network, 83–84
F
Facebook, 124
Fault-tolerance, 4
FDA (Food and Drug Administration), 4–5
Federated blockchain, 59
blockchain opportunities in financial markets, 29
building financial models, 141–143
trade finance benefits of blockchain, 29–30
Food and Drug Administration (FDA), 4–5
benefits of blockchain to food industry, 4–5
reducing foodborne illness, 9–10
supply chain management, 34
The Foreign Currency Exchange, 5
blockchain organizational roles, 127
Build-Own-Operate. See Build-Own-Operate (BOO)
Build-Own-Operate-Transfer. See Build-Own-Operate-Transfer (BOOT)
blockchain opportunities, 35
eliminating data breaches, 10–11
immutability of blockchain and, 21
asset exchange mechanisms and, 78–79
defined, 76
artificial intelligence (AI), 167–168
data security, 168
Internet of Things (IoT), 170–171
opportunities and challenges, 173–176
transparency of AI decision making, 169–170
trusted AI models, 169
G
General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)
accountability with, 3
transparency of AI decision making, 169–170
Goals, Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Results-focused, and Time-bound, 42
Google, 124
of blockchain network, 15
business network governance, 114–117, 119
developing structure for blockchain networks, 105–109
effective use of blockchain and, 80
enterprise blockchain infrastructure and, 81
enterprise blockchain maturity and, 67
monetization strategy and, 147
network infrastructure governance, 120–121
network membership governance, 112–114, 120
SCTrustNet governance structure, 118
structure and landscape, 109–110
summary, 121
technology infrastructure governance, 110–112
total is greater than sum of the parts and, 8
Governance, Risk, and Compliance (GRC)
business valuation techniques, 144
financial modeling and, 141–142
risk modeling, 158
technology infrastructure governance, 110, 112
asset registration, 35
blockchain opportunities, 34–35
GRC. See Governance, Risk, and Compliance (GRC)
Groups, managing group benefits, 31–32
blockchain providing competitive advantage, 14
blockchain providing opportunities for, 2
monetization strategy and, 147–148
H
HACERA Unbounded Registry, 165
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA), 3
clinical trials management, 32–33
patient records management, 32
quality of care, 32
HIPAA (Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act), 3
Hudson Quantum Initiative, 172–173
organizational structures, 125–126
types of blockchain, 59
in HACERA Unbounded Registry, 165–166
interoperability and, 46
open source blockchain platforms, 15
scalability of blockchain solutions, 45
I
IACCM (International Association for Contract and Commercial Management), 24
joining HACERA Unbounded Registry, 165
supply chain management, 34
China UnionPay loyalty program, 37
digital identity verification, 30
free tiers for implementing enterprise blockchain, 16
group benefits management, 31–32
reducing complexity of commercial transactions, 33
risk coverage in insurance industry, 31
reducing foodborne illness, 9
supply chain management, 34
IBM Research Lab, 12
ICOs. See Initial coin offerings (ICOs)
digital verification, 30
eliminating identity theft, 10–11
The Identity Verification (Verified.me), 5, 10–11
IDs, eliminating data breaches, 10–11
Immutability, of blockchain technology, 21–22
Incentives. See Motivation
business modeling and, 90
enterprise blockchain infrastructure and, 81–82
Information Technology Infrastructure Library (ITIL), 110
Infrastructure. See also Business structure; Organizational structure
identifying for team building, 129
network infrastructure governance, 120–121
separating business domain from supporting technology, 63–65
technology infrastructure governance, 110–112
token evaluation model, 77
disruptive technologies, 94–95
example of new business design, 68
examples of distributed ecosystems, 28
fundraising tools, 138
Initiatives, blockchain types, 139–140
Instance economy, token value models in, 74
Insurance, blockchain opportunities, 30–31
blockchain with existing systems, 54, 82, 92
challenges of blockchain technologies, 47
high-level technology issues, 62
business valuation techniques, 144
overview of, 151
valuation models for blockchain network, 150
International Association for Contract and Commercial Management (IACCM), 24
International Organization for Standardization (ISO), 50
The Internet of Loyalty, 6
Internet of Things (IoT), 170–171
Interoperability, blockchain challenges, 46–47
Intraprise synergy, 123, 132–133
Investment, examples of distributed ecosystems, 29
governance and risk and, 147
modeling return on investment, 148–150
proof of concept (PoC) or proof of design, 145–146
IoT (Internet of Things), 170–171
IRR. See Internal rate of return (IRR)
ISO (International Organization for Standardization), 50
risks, 157
technology infrastructure governance, 110–111
ITIL (Information Technology Infrastructure Library), 110
J
business models for permissioned blockchain, 96–97
overview of, 98
table summarizing, 102
K
Key performance indicators (KPIs), 88
business network governance and, 115
digital identity verification, 30
examples of distributed ecosystems, 29
L
Land registration, uses of distributed ecosystems, 29
Legacy systems, integration with, 92
Legal consultants, project team roles, 130
Line of business (LOB), blockchain adoption and, 87
Litecoin, 107
LOB (Line of business), blockchain adoption and, 87
Logging, making blockchain consumable, 55
Loyalty programs, blockchain opportunities, 37
Loyyal, 6
M
Maersk, 34
project team roles, 132
token evaluation model, 77
Media, blockchain opportunities, 35–36
Medicine, preventing counterfeiting, 11–12
Member enterprises, organizational roles, 127
extensible blockchain membership models, 83
network membership governance, 112–114, 120
Microsoft, 165
Minimal viable ecosystem (MVE)
business modeling, 144
business valuation, 147
defining viable ecosystem, 123
dream large and act incrementally, 7
scope selection, 42
defining viable ecosystem, 123
dream large and act incrementally, 6–7
scope selection, 42
Mobility services, blockchain opportunities, 37–38
blockchain risk model framework. See Blockchain risk model framework (BRMF)
business models. See Business models
extensible membership models, 83
return on investment, 148–150, 152–153
risk modeling, 153–156, 158–159
token evaluation modeling, 73–74, 76–77
trusted AI models, 169
benefit-cost ratio (BCR), 151–152
blockchain governance and policies and, 158–159
blockchain model risk framework (BMRF), 154–156
building financial models, 141–143
business risks, 158
devising business and technology blueprints, 156–157
governance and risk and, 147
Governance, Risk, and Compliance (GRC) framework, 158
internal rate of return (IRR), 151
investment rubric and, 143–145
net present value (NPV), 151
proof of concept (PoC) or proof of design, 145–146
return on investment modeling, 148–150
technology risks, 157
token evaluation model, 77
Monitoring, making blockchain consumable, 55
attributes of enterprise blockchain, 4
blockchain applied to food industry, 5
of blockchain network members, 7–8
Multiparty ecosystem, transaction-based economy and, 61
Music distribution, 28
MVE. See Minimal viable ecosystem (MVE)
MVP. See Minimal viable product (MVP)
N
National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), 11
business valuation techniques, 144
overview of, 151
valuation models for blockchain network, 150
Netflix, 27
Network engineers, project team roles, 132
Network infrastructure governance, 120–121
checklist, 114
SCTrustNet governance structure, 120
blockchain business networks. See Blockchain business networks
business network governance. See Business network governance
considerations for meaningful and sustainable, 79–82
effective use of blockchain and, 80–81
governance, 15
identifying network type, 129
power of, 77
support services, 114
types of business networks and corresponding blockchain applications, 81
business models for permissioned blockchain, 96
overview of, 99
table summarizing, 102
NIST (National Institute of Standards and Technology), 11
Non-fungible tokens (NFTs), 75–76
NPV. See Net present value (NPV)
O
Objectives, primary blockchain, 61–62
Off-chain governance, 117
Offboarding, network members, 113
On-chain governance, 117
Onboarding, network members, 113
Open markets, trusted business model and, 28
Operational support services (OSSs), 112
Operators, blockchain organizational roles, 128
in automotive industry and mobility services, 37–38
in banking and financial markets, 29
decentralized ecosystems, 28–29
in digital identity verification, 30
distributed organizational structure, 26–27
in fraud prevention and compliance, 35
future of blockchain and, 173–176
in insurance and risk management, 30–31
in loyalty programs, 37
in managing group benefits, 31–32
in media and entertainment, 35–36
overview of, 25
in provenance tracking, 38
summary, 47
transformative power of blockchain as, 25–26
in travel and transportation, 39–40
trusted business model and, 27–28
Oracle, 165
Organizational structure. See also Business structure; Infrastructure
benefits of distributed structure, 26–27
centralized, 124
decentralized, 125
decentralized ecosystems, 28–29
limitations of centralization, 26
overview of, 124
OSSs (Operational support services), 112
Ownership, key aspects of transaction-based economy, 61
P
P2P. See Peer-to-peer (P2P)
Partnership funding models, 141
Parts suppliers, provenance tracking, 38
Passwords, eliminating data breaches, 10–11
Patients, records management, 32
Paxox consensus model, 54
valuation models for blockchain network, 150
pBFT (Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerant) consensus model, 54
challenges and opportunities in P2P economy, 20
decentralized ecosystems, 28–29
permissionless blockchain and, 58
trusted business model and, 27
Peers, in member enterprises, 127
Permissioned blockchain (public)
comparing with permissionless, 57–61
Permissionless blockchain (private)
comparing with permissioned, 57–61
digitization, 70
disruptive technologies, 94–95
types of blockchain, 59
Permissions, digital identity verification, 30
Personnel, coordination of, 39–40
Policies, risk modeling, 158–159
Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerant (pBFT) consensus model, 54
applying blockchain to food industry, 5
attributes of enterprise blockchain, 3
eliminating data breaches, 10–11
governance mechanisms, 107
high-level technology issues, 62
SecureKey and, 7
Private (permissionless blockchain). See Permissionless blockchain (private)
Process flow improvement, blockchain initiatives, 139–140
Product owners, project team roles, 131
Project enterprise, identifying for team building, 128
Project managers, project team roles, 130
Project sustainability, blockchain technology and, 84–85
designing business models and, 93
Provenance tracking, blockchain opportunities, 38
Public (permissioned blockchain). See Permissioned blockchain (public)
Q
Quality (test) engineers, project team roles, 132
blockchain challenges, 46
future of blockchain and, 171–173
R
consortium founder, 127
in HACERA Unbounded Registry, 165
interoperability and, 46
members of R3 consortium, 127
consensus models, 54
fault-tolerance, 4
Referees, founder roles, 8
business network governance and, 116
enterprise blockchain infrastructure, 81
governance mechanisms, 107
making blockchain consumable, 55
network membership governance, 113
token evaluation model, 77
Remittance, trusted business model and, 28
Reporting, making blockchain consumable, 55
Resource optimization, consortiums, 112
Resource requirements, blockchain, 54
Retail, blockchain opportunities, 33–34
adopting blockchain and, 87
blockchain implementation costs and, 15–16
business modeling, 144
Ripple, 46
assessment, 112
blockchain model risk framework, 154–156
business risks, 158
governance complexity and, 44
monetization strategy and, 147
optimization, 114
technology risks, 157
founders, 127
identifying for team building, 129
members, 127
operators, 128
overview of, 126
users, 128
S
applying blockchain to food industry, 5
attributes of enterprise blockchain, 3
blockchain challenges, 45
of blockchain solutions, 45, 47
monetization strategy and, 147–148
identifying for team building, 129
SCTrustNet governance structure
business network governance, 119
network infrastructure governance, 120–121
network membership governance, 120
overview of, 118
digital identity verification, 30
eliminating data breaches, 10–11
example of blockchain trailblazers, 5–6
privacy protection, 7
applying blockchain to food industry, 5
attributes of enterprise blockchain, 4
blockchain challenges, 46
of blockchain transactions, 22–23
elements for enterprise blockchain maturity, 67
eliminating data breaches, 10–11
personal data, 168
quantum computing and, 172–173
Security token offerings (STOs)
disruptive technologies, 94
fundraising tools, 138
Service level agreements (SLAs)
business network governance, 116
designing business models, 94
devising technology blueprint, 91–92
governance mechanisms, 108
network membership governance, 114
Service models, blockchain initiatives, 140
Shared (distributed) ledger, blockchain technical building blocks, 51
Shared governance, 115
SLAs. See Service level agreements (SLAs)
blockchain challenges, 46
blockchain technical building blocks, 52–53
complex risk coverage in insurance industry, 31
designing business models, 93
disruptive elements of blockchain technology, 24–25
Internet of Things (IoT) and, 171
trade finance benefits, 30
blockchain and, 163
connecting business benefits with, 9–12
SoR (System of record), 54
Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Results-focused, and Time-bound (SMART) goals, 42
cryptocurrency and, 72
mitigation of disruptive technologies, 95
Stakeholders, role in blockchain governance, 8
Standard Chartered, 31
Standards, technology infrastructure governance and, 111
Start-up funding, 28
Steering committee members, project team roles, 130
Stellar, in HACERA Unbounded Registry, 165
STOs (Security token offerings)
disruptive technologies, 94
fundraising tools, 138
blockchain opportunities, 34
enterprise blockchains and, 64–65
analyzing impact of use case on, 89
integration with existing, 62, 92
System architects, project team roles, 131
System of record (SoR), 54
Systemic governance, 107
T
TC307 initiative, 50
blockchain technology solution team, 134
checklist, 129
summary, 135
applying chain decision matrix to, 62–63
asset token fungibility, 75–76, 78–79
blockchain technology solution team, 134
building blocks of blockchain solutions, 50–51
business and regulatory considerations, 63–65
chaincode, smart contracts, and business rules, 52–53
challenges of enterprise adoption, 49–50
comparing permissioned and permissionless blockchain, 57–61
consensus vehicles, 52
consumability of blockchain, 54–55
cryptographic protocols, 51
devising business and technology blueprints, 91–92, 156–157
distributed (shared) ledger, 51
enterprise applications, 56–57
enterprise blockchain maturity and, 66–67
identifying for team building, 129
industry definitions of tokenization, 72–73
industry use cases, 69
integration/coexistence with existing systems, 82
litmus test for justifying, 61–62
meaningful and sustainable blockchain networks, 79–82
overview of, 49
references, 86
risks, 157
summary, 85
token evaluation model, 73–74, 76–77
types of blockchain and industry use cases, 68–69
understanding token revolution, 69–72
Technology infrastructure governance, 110–112
Throughput, blockchain challenges, 45
Time savings, using blockchain, 2
Time value of money (TVM), 151
addressing key aspects of transaction-based economy, 61
asset token fungibility, 75–76, 78–79
business modeling and, 138
effective use of blockchain, 80
enterprise blockchain maturity, 66–67
providing motivational incentive system, 8
technology challenges of, 70–71
token evaluation model, 73–74, 76–77
understanding token revolution, 69–70
examples of distributed ecosystems, 28
as medium of exchange, 139
monetization strategies, 139
addressing key aspects of transaction-based economy, 61
The Trade Finance solution, 5
Trading and investment model, 29
costs of, 115
identifying and preventing vulnerabilities, 22
processing system, 55
transaction-based economy, 61
trusted business model and, 27–28
Transactions per second (TPS), 91–92
blockchain as, 2
blockchain challenges. See Challenges
disruptive nature of blockchain. See Disruptive elements/technologies
dream large and act incrementally, 6–7
Transparency, 21
blockchain opportunities, 39
cargo handling, 40
opportunities in automotive industry and mobility services, 37–38
blockchain opportunities, 39
cargo handling, 40
True Tickets, 6
addressing key aspects of transaction-based economy, 61
consensus vehicles, 52
designing business models, 94
high-level technology issues, 62
importance of, 19
infrastructure and, 64
model underlying blockchain networks, 9
network extensibility and, 83–84
Trusted business model, blockchain opportunities, 27–28
TVM (Time value of money), 151
U
Uber, 27
identifying for blockchain business model, 89–90
User experience (UX) designers, project team roles, 131
User researchers, project team roles, 131
Users, organizational roles, 128
V
business valuation, 144, 146–147
models for blockchain network, 150
token evaluation model, 73–74, 76–77
Vehicles, blockchain opportunities, 37–38
Verification validation, chaincode in, 52
Verified.me (The Identity Verification), 5, 10–11
Vulnerabilities, identifying and preventing, 22
W
blockchain trailblazers, 5
permissioned blockchain and, 58
trade finance benefits of blockchain, 30
Workgroups, 8