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Developing Feeds with RSS and Atom
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Developing Feeds with RSS and Atom
by Ben Hammersley
Developing Feeds with RSS and Atom
A Note Regarding Supplemental Files
Preface
Audience
Assumptions This Book Makes
How This Book Is Organized
Conventions Used in This Book
Using Code Examples
Safari Enabled
Comments and Questions
Acknowledgments
1. Introduction
1.1. What Are RSS and Atom for?
1.2. A Short History of RSS and Atom
1.2.1. HotSauce: MCF and RDF
1.2.2. Channel Definition Format
1.2.3. RSS First Appears
1.2.4. The Standards Evolve
1.2.5. The First Fork
1.2.6. The Second Fork
1.2.7. Pie, Echo, Necho, Atom
1.2.8. Today’s Scene
1.3. Why Syndicate Your Content?
1.4. Legal Implications
1.4.1. If You Are Scraped
2. Using Feeds
2.1. Web-Based Applications
2.1.1. Bloglines
2.1.2. Kinja
2.1.3. Rocketinfo RSS Reader
2.2. Desktop Applications
2.2.1. NetNewsWire
2.2.2. FeedDemon
2.2.3. NewsMonster
2.3. Other Cunning Techniques
2.3.1. Mobile Devices
2.3.2. Email Clients
2.3.3. Feed-Based Search Engines
2.4. Finding Feeds to Read
3. Feeds Without Programming
3.1. From Email
3.2. From a Search Engine
3.2.1. Google
3.2.2. Google News
3.2.3. Yahoo!
3.3. From Online Stores
4. RSS 2.0
4.1. Bringing Things Up to Date
4.2. The Basic Structure
4.2.1. Required Channel Subelements
4.2.2. Optional Channel Subelements
4.2.3. item Elements
4.2.4. The Simplest Possible RSS 2.0 Feed
4.3. Producing RSS 2.0 with Blogging Tools
4.4. Introducing Modules
4.4.1. blogChannel Module
4.4.2. Creative Commons Module
4.4.3. Simple Semantic Resolution Module
4.4.4. Trackback Module
4.4.5. ICBM Module
4.4.6. Yahoo!’s Media RSS Module
4.5. Creating RSS 2.0 Feeds
4.5.1. Creating RSS with Perl Using XML::RSS
4.5.1.1. guid, Permalink or not
4.5.1.2. Module support under XML::RSS
4.5.2. Creating RSS 2.0 with PHP
4.5.2.1. Caching and saving
4.5.2.2. Dates
4.5.2.3. Namespaced modules
4.5.3. Creating RSS 2.0 with Ruby
4.5.4. Serving RSS 2.0
5. RSS 1.0
5.1. Metadata in RSS 2.0
5.1.1. Using URIs in RSS
5.2. Resource Description Framework
5.2.1. Resources, PropertyTypes, and Properties
5.2.2. Nodes and Arcs
5.2.3. Fitting RDF to RSS
5.3. RDF in XML
5.3.1. The Root Element
5.3.2. <element rdf:about="URI OF ELEMENT">
5.3.3. <element rdf:resource="URI” />
5.3.4. RDF Containers
5.3.4.1. rdf:Bag
5.3.4.2. rdf:Seq
5.3.4.3. rdf:Alt
5.4. Introducing RSS 1.0
5.4.1. Walking Through an RSS 1.0 Document
5.5. The Specification in Detail
5.5.1. The Basic Structure
5.5.2. The Root Element
5.5.3. <channel rdf:about=""> (a Subelement of rdf:RDF)
5.5.3.1. Required subelements of channel
5.5.4. <image rdf:resource=""> (a Subelement of rdf:RDF)
5.5.5. <textinput rdf:about=""> (a Subelement of rdf:RDF)
5.5.6. <item rdf:about=""> (a Subelement of rdf:RDF)
5.5.7. The Simplest Possible RSS 1.0 Feed
5.6. Creating RSS 1.0 Feeds
5.6.1. Creating RSS 1.0 with Perl
5.6.2. Producing RSS 1.0 with PHP
6. RSS 1.0 Modules
6.1. Module Status
6.2. Support for Modules in Common Applications
6.3. Other RSS 1.0 Modules
7. The Atom Syndication Format
7.1. Introducing Atom
7.1.1. The Structure of an Atom Feed
7.1.1.1. The Atom entry
7.1.1.2. Combining entries to make a feed
7.1.2. The Reusable Syntax of Constructs
7.2. The Atom Entry Document in Detail
7.2.1. The Elements of Atom Entry
7.2.2. The Atom Feed Document in Detail
7.2.3. The Simplest Possible Thing That Will Actually Work
7.3. Producing Atom Feeds
7.3.1. Validating Atom Feeds
8. Parsing and Using Feeds
8.1. Important Issues
8.1.1. Converting Atom to RSS
8.2. JavaScript Display Parsers
8.2.1. RSS XPress
8.2.2. Other Examples to Try
8.3. Parsing for Programming
8.3.1. PHP: MagpieRSS
8.3.1.1. Using MagpieRSS
8.3.2. Python: The Universal Feed Parser
8.3.2.1. A complete aggregator in 40 lines
8.3.3. Perl: XML::Simple
8.3.3.1. Parsing RSS as simply as possible
8.4. Using Regular Expressions
8.5. Using XSLT
8.6. Client-Side Inclusion
8.7. Server-Side Inclusion
8.7.1. Enabling Server-Side Includes Within Apache 1.3.x
8.7.2. Server-Side Includes with Microsoft IIS
9. Feeds in the Wild
9.1. Once You Have Created Your Simple RSS Feed
9.1.1. Publish a Link
9.1.2. Enabling Autodiscovery
9.1.3. Serving a Feed Correctly
9.1.3.1. MIME types
9.1.3.2. HTTP 1.1
9.1.3.2.1. Compression
9.1.3.2.2. Conditional GET
9.1.3.3. RSScache.com
9.1.4. Registering with Aggregators
9.1.5. Metadata for the Main Page
9.1.6. Counting Hits and Clickthroughs
9.2. Publish and Subscribe
9.2.1. Publish and Subscribe Within RSS 2.0
9.2.2. Publish and Subscribe with RSS 1.0
9.3. Rolling Your Own: LinkPimp PubSub
9.4. LinkpimpClient.pl
9.4.1. LinkpimpListener.pl
10. Unconventional Feeds
10.1. Apache Logfiles
10.1.1. Walking Through the Code
10.1.2. The Entire Listing
10.2. Code TODOs to RSS
10.2.1. Walking Through the Code
10.2.2. The Entire Listing
10.3. Daily Doonesbury
10.3.1. Walking Through the Code
10.3.2. The Entire Listing
10.4. Amazon.com Wishlist to RSS
10.4.1. Walking Through the Code
10.4.2. The Entire Listing
10.5. FedEx Parcel Tracker
10.5.1. Walking Through the Code
10.5.2. The Entire Listing
10.6. Google to RSS with SOAP
10.6.1. Walking Through the Code
10.6.2. The Entire Listing
10.7. Last-Modified Files
10.7.1. Walking Through the Code
10.7.2. The Entire Listing
10.8. Installed Perl Modules
10.8.1. Walking Through the Code
10.8.2. The Entire Listing
10.9. The W3C Validator to RSS
10.9.1. Walking Through the Code
10.9.2. The Entire Listing
10.10. Game Statistics to Excel
10.11. Feeds by SMS
10.12. Podcasting Weather Forecasts
10.12.1. How to Use It
10.12.2. The Code Itself
10.13. Having Amazon Produce Its Own RSS Feeds
10.14. Cross-Poster for Movable Type
10.14.1. Walking Through the Code
10.14.2. The Entire Listing
11. Developing New Modules
11.1. Namespaces and Modules Within RSS 2.0 and Atom
11.1.1. Differences from RSS 1.0
11.2. Case Study: mod_Book
11.2.1. What Do We Know?
11.2.2. Can We Express This Data Already?
11.2.3. Putting the New Elements to Work with RSS 2.0
11.2.4. Putting the New Elements to Work with RSS 1.0
11.2.5. Documentation
11.3. Extending Your Desktop Reader
11.4. Introducing AmphetaDesk
11.4.1. Installing AmphetaDesk
11.4.2. index.html
A. The XML You Need for RSS
A.1. What Is XML?
A.2. Anatomy of an XML Document
A.2.1. Elements and Attributes
A.2.2. Name Syntax
A.2.3. Well-Formedness
A.2.4. Comments
A.2.5. Entity References
A.2.6. Character References
A.2.7. Character Encodings
A.2.7.1. Unicode encoding schemes
A.2.7.2. Other character encodings
A.2.8. Validity
A.2.8.1. Document type definitions (DTDs)
A.2.9. Putting It Together
A.2.10. XML Namespaces
A.3. Tools for Processing XML
A.3.1. Selecting a Parser
A.3.2. XSLT Processors
B. Useful Sites and Software
B.1. Uber Resources
B.2. Specification Documents
B.3. Mailing Lists
B.4. Validators
B.5. Desktop Readers
Index
About the Author
Colophon
Copyright
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A Note Regarding Supplemental Files
Developing Feeds with RSS and Atom
Ben Hammersley
Beijing • Cambridge • Farnham • Köln • Sebastopol • Tokyo
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