IBM Spectrum Protect
This chapter suggests settings for IBM Spectrum Protect (formerly Tivoli Storage Manager), and includes information about interoperability, software compatibility, zoning, and more.
The IBM ProtecTIER product can be deployed as a Virtual Tape Library (VTL) or File System Interface (FSI) to IBM Spectrum Protect. This chapter describes IBM Spectrum Protect with VTL and with FSI.
 
Rebranding: Beginning with version 7.1.3, IBM Tivoli Storage Manager was rebranded to the name IBM Spectrum Protect. Versions prior to 7.1.3 deployed with IBM ProtecTIER are referred to as Tivoli Storage Manager.
•For more information about the branding transition, see this web page:
•For an overview of IBM Spectrum Storage, see this web page:
•For general VTL considerations for IBM Spectrum Protect servers, see this web page:
•For preferred practices and configuration of IBM Spectrum Protect in your ProtecTIER FSI environment, see 13.3, “IBM Spectrum Protect: FSI” on page 200.
This chapter contains the following topics:
13.1 IBM Spectrum Protect VTL
Combining the advanced capabilities and features of IBM Spectrum Protect with the powerful performance-enhancing and cost reducing capabilities of the ProtecTIER product provide IT organizations with a cost-effective way to improve the performance, reliability, and scalability of data protection.
 
Important: The IBM Tivoli Storage Manager parser does not recognize the backed-up file as a Tivoli Storage Manager stream when you use random access mode. Do not use random access mode with IBM Spectrum Protect, or Tivoli Storage Manager.
For more information about planning for the IBM Tivoli Storage Manager parser, and estimating the benefits of the Tivoli Storage Manager parser by using the ProcessCSV tool, see Appendix C, “ProtecTIER parsers” on page 461.
13.2 IBM Spectrum Protect: Preferred options
Review the following IBM Spectrum Protect server and client options. If necessary, change the options to enable optimum performance of the ProtecTIER server.
•IBM Spectrum Protect uses a 256 KB block size to write to tape. This block size is tied to the tape drive and the HBA. To optimize this block size with your operative system, configure an adequate memory page size that efficiently handles the IBM Spectrum Protect block size.
The most well known example is AIX, where 64 KB is the page size that adjusts better for resource utilization in terms of memory paging.
 
Note: Allowed page sizes in AIX are 4 KB, 64 KB and 16 MB. Using a 4 KB page size requires 64 cycles of acquiring the segment control block (SCB) lock; using a 64 KB page size requires 4 cycles of acquiring the SCB lock; and using a 16 MB page size will require only 1 cycle, but it would result in inefficient memory usage
•If IBM Spectrum Protect is installed under a NAS network, the Network Data Management Protocol (NDMP) feature can be configured to set the block size to 256 KB. See the following web pages:
 – NDMP functionality in IBM Spectrum Protect and NetApp filers:
 – Tape libraries and drives for NDMP operations:
 – NDMP requirements:
•Disable client compression. Keep the default parameter as COMPRESSION NO in the IBM Spectrum Protect Backup Client option file, or update the IBM Spectrum Protect client node definition in the IBM Spectrum Protect server with the update node <node_name> compression=no parameter.
•Set the server option MOVEBATCHSIZE to 1000 (the default value).
•Set the server option MOVESIZETHRESHOLD to 2048 (the default value).
•When you define the library in the ProtecTIER server, select the TS3500 as the library to be emulated by ProtecTIER (more information about setting up the virtual library is in 4.3.1, “Creating libraries” on page 51).
•When you use Windows-based IBM Spectrum Protect servers, use IBM Tape Driver, not the IBM Spectrum Protect included drivers.
•With the ProtecTIER product, servers can share one virtual library, or you can create a separate virtual library for each IBM Spectrum Protect server.
•Set the IBM Spectrum Protect device class to represent the Ultrium LTO3 tape without compression by using the FORMAT=ULTRIUM3 parameter.
•Configure the estimated capacity size, in the IBM Spectrum Protect device class, to represent the virtual tape size that is defined in the VTL, by using the ESTCAPacity parameter in the device class definition.
•When you define the library in the IBM Spectrum Protect Server, if the IBM Spectrum Protect Server version is Version 6.3 or higher, use the LIBType=VTL parameter. When using this library type, there can be no mixed media in the library and a path must be defined for all the drives to all of the servers or storage agents that use the library.
•For best results, create as many drives as necessary for your environment, taking into consideration multi-streamed and parallel backups to improve performance. If more drives are required, you can logically partition the VTL into multiple libraries and assign drives to each library. Operating system and storage area network (SAN) hardware configurations might impose limitations on the number of devices that can be used in the VTL library.
•Use RELABELSCRatch=yes in the IBM Spectrum Protect library definition to specify that the server relabels volumes that are deleted and returned to scratch to free up the space in the VTL repository. Without relabeling scratch tapes, the allocated space in the ProtecTIER repository is not released.
 
IBM Spectrum Protect command syntax: To verify the command syntax and other topics related to IBM Spectrum Protect, see the IBM Knowledge Center:
13.2.1 LAN-free backups with the ProtecTIER product
Local area network (LAN)-free backups are simpler with the ProtecTIER product because there are increased tape resources and fewer hardware restrictions. ProtecTIER configured as a VTL has the advantage of presenting greatly increased tape resources to the backup server. So, you are able to perform LAN-free backups to the ProtecTIER server without considering the limitations that are normally applied to these backups, such as tape drive availability.
If you have many LAN-free clients, then a possibility is that your LAN-free backup windows are dictated not entirely by business needs but also by hardware availability. With the ProtecTIER product and its maximum of 256 virtual tape drives per ProtecTIER node, you can virtually eliminate any previous hardware restrictions, and schedule your backups as and when they are required by your business needs. The IBM System Storage TS7620 ProtecTIER Deduplication Appliance Express (TS7620) can support only up to 64 virtual drives per node.
 
LUN masking: Enable logical unit number (LUN) masking with LAN-free clients. LUN masking reduces the administration of path creation at the IBM Spectrum Protect server. For more information, see 6.3.1, “LUN masking methods and preferred practices” on page 88.
13.2.2 Data streams
You might be able to reduce your current backup window by taking full advantage of the throughput performance capabilities of the ProtecTIER product. If tape drive availability is limited for concurrent backup operations on your information technology (IT) storage management (IBM Spectrum Protect) server, you can define a greater number of virtual drives. Reschedule backups to run at the same time to maximize the number of allowable parallel tape operations on ProtecTIER servers.
You can also increase the number of parallel streams for the IBM Spectrum Protect database backup using the NUMSTREAMS parameter (maximum of 4).
 
Important:
•If you choose to implement this strategy, you might need to increase the value of the MAXSESSIONS option on your IBM Spectrum Protect server to specify the maximum number of simultaneous client sessions that can connect to the server. For more information, see the IBM Knowledge Center:
•You might also need to update the maximum number of mount points (MAXNUMMP) in the IBM Spectrum Protect node registration to specify the maximum number of mount points a node can use on the server or storage agent only for backup operations.
•In the IBM Spectrum Protect client option file, you can set the resource utilization (RESOURceutilization) parameter to specify the level of resources that the IBM Spectrum Protect server and client can use during processing. For more information, see the IBM Knowledge Center:
•See Harnessing the Power of ProtecTIER and Tivoli Storage Manager, SG24-8209.
13.2.3 Reclamation
Continue to reclaim virtual storage pools that are on the ProtecTIER server. The thresholds for reclamation might need some adjustment until the system reaches a steady state. In a steady state, the fluctuating size of the virtual cartridges stabilizes and you can decide what the fixed reclamation limit ought to be.
When you decide how many virtual cartridges to define, consider the current storage pool reusedelay value. This value is equal to the number of days that your IBM Spectrum Protect database backups are retained. The same delay period applies to your storage pools that store data on ProtecTIER virtual cartridges. You might need to increase the number of pools to ensure that you always have scratch cartridges available for backup.
 
Note: A fix pack exists that must be applied to certain IBM Spectrum Protect versions so that REUSEDELAY and RELABELSCRACTH work correctly; otherwise, you receive this error:
IC78915: RELABELSCRATCH PARAMATER DOES NOT WORK ON VTL WITH REUSEDELAY PARAMETER GREATER THAN 0
For more information, go to the following web page:
13.2.4 Collocation
When you use a virtual library, consider implementing collocation for your primary storage pools.
Collocation means that all of your data for a node or node group is contained on the same set of virtual cartridges. You can also collocate by file system or group of file systems. Because you do not have any of the limitations of physical cartridges that are normally associated with this feature (such as media and slot consumption), you can enable the option.
Collocating data with similar expiration characteristics
As much as possible, collocate data with similar expiration characteristics, and then let that data expire. This collocation practice minimizes reclamation and helps reduce the IBM Spectrum Protect workload. It also reduces the risk of replicated cartridges being out of synchronization because of the timing of the reclamation activity.
13.2.5 Migration
When using ProtecTier to migrate data from Disk Storage Pools you can use as many IBM Spectrum Protect migration processes (MigProcess) as possible in the definition of the Storage Pool and accelerate your administration cycle with this process.
This is even more highly suggested with IBM Spectrum Protect version 7 and the Multi-threaded Storage Pool Migration feature that improves the server’s efficiency when running migration from stgpools with DISK devclass for nodes with a large number of file spaces. It applies to migration to storage pools that do not have collocation specified, or that have collocation by file space.
13.2.6 Backing up your IBM Spectrum Protect database
Starting with Tivoli Storage Manager V6.3, and also IBM Spectrum Protect starting at version 7.1.3, in addition to using the backup db command along with using up to four streams (NUMStreams=4), another integrated deduplication efficiency option (DEDUPDEVice=YES) is available for the IBM DB2-based IBM Spectrum Protect database. The same command is suggested when using DB2 9.7 Fix Pack 4 or later. It specifies that a target storage device supports data deduplication. When set to YES, the format for backup images is optimized for data deduplication devices, making backup operations more efficient.
 
Note: Allowed page sizes in AIX are 4 KB, 64 KB and 16 MB. Using a 4 KB page size requires 64 cycles of acquiring the segment control block (SCB) lock, using a 64 KB page size requires four cycles of acquiring the SCB lock, using a 16 MB page size will require only one cycle, but it can result in inefficient memory usage.
13.2.7 Physical tape
Depending on your data protection requirements, a necessary step might be to copy the deduplicated data to physical tape. You can complete this task by using standard IBM Spectrum Protect copy storage pools that have device classes that direct data to physical libraries and drives.
 
Tip: Estimate the number of drives that can be used to move data to physical tapes and consider a single stream performance. Remember that when data is sent to physical tapes, it is rehydrated. Rehydrate is a term for reading all parts of the data and assembling it to fully match the original backed up data.
Migrating data
Do not expect an effective deduplication when you migrate your existing data from physical tape to the ProtecTIER repository if the data was originally backed up without preferred practices in place. Use the most current version of the ProtecTIER product so that you implement the appropriate IBM Tivoli Storage Manager parser, which maximizes your overall deduplication factoring ratio.
13.2.8 Avoiding mount conflicts
To avoid a mount conflict, increase the number of drives (according to your needs) up to 512 per dual-node cluster (256 per node). The TS7620 Appliance Express supports up to 64 virtual drives per node. Depending on your IBM Spectrum Protect version or operating system, these maximum values might change.
 
Cartridge size: As a rule, an optimal cartridge size is 100 gigabyte (GB) to reduce the reclamation load and to enable concurrent replication, but this can vary depending on the kind of data being backed up.
13.2.9 Multiple streams from the client with the resourceutilization parameter
When possible, use multiple streams for the client backup. Try using four or more concurrent streams when you need maximum performance. You can set up multiple streams by modifying the dsm.opt (Windows) or dsm.sys (UNIX) file on the client and specify the resourceutilization parameter. For more information, see the IBM Knowledge Center:
The resourceutilization option increases or decreases the ability of the IBM Spectrum Protect client to create multiple sessions. For backup or archive, the value of resourceutilization does not directly specify the number of sessions that are created by the client.
However, this setting specifies the level of resources that the IBM Spectrum Protect server and client can use during backup or archive processing. The higher the value, the more sessions that the client can start if it deems necessary. The range for the parameter is 1 - 10.
When the option is not set, which is the default, then only two sessions are created on the server. The default resourceutilization level is 0, and it enables up to two sessions running on the server, one for querying the server and one for sending file data.
The value resourceutilization=5 permits up to four sessions (two for queries and two for sending data), and resourceutilization=10 permits up to eight sessions (four for queries and four for sending data) with the server. The relationship between resourceutilization and the maximum number of sessions that is created is part of an internalized algorithm and, as such, is subject to change.
The following values are the preferred settings:
•For workstations: resourceutilization 1
•For a small server: resourceutilization 5
•For a large server: resourceutilization 10
Table 13-1 lists the relationships between resourceutilization values and the maximum sessions that are created. Producer sessions scan the client system for eligible files. The remaining sessions are consumer threads and are used for data transfer. Subtract the producer sessions that are listed in the table from the maximum number of sessions to determine the number of consumer threads.
Table 13-1 Relationship between the RESOURCEUTILIZATION value and maximum sessions created
RESOURCEUTILIZATION value
Maximum number of sessions
Unique number of
producer sessions
1
1
0
2
2
1
3
3
1
4
3
1
5
4
2
6
4
2
7
5
2
8
6
2
9
7
3
10
8
4
Default (0)
2
1
 
Note: When you use IBM Spectrum Protect for Virtual Environments - Data Protection for VMware to back up virtual machines in a VMware vSphere environment, there is one mount point used per VM backup (for example, one virtual tape drive). Consider backing up multiple virtual machines using the vmmaxparallel option to take advantage of the ProtecTier multi-stream feature.
For more information about how to use IBM Spectrum Protect for Virtual Environments - Data Protection for VMware with the ProtecTIER product, see the following web page:
13.2.10 Accommodating increased sessions
Ensure that the MAXSESSIONS setting on the IBM Spectrum Protect server can accommodate the increased sessions. The default value for MAXSESSIONS is 25. Set this parameter in the IBM Spectrum Protect server options file (IBM Spectrum Protect must be halted and then restarted) or run the setopt command, as shown in Example 13-1.
Example 13-1 Set MAXSESSIONS parameter
tsm: SERVER1>setopt MaxSessions 100
 
Do you wish to proceed? (Yes (Y)/No (N)) y
ANR2119I The MAXSESSIONS option has been changed in the options file.
Also, update the NODE definition on the IBM Spectrum Protect server to enable more than one mount point (MAXNUMMP). For more information, see the IBM Knowledge Center:
13.2.11 IBM Spectrum Protect storage pool selection
When you select storage pools to restore or to retrieve data, the server evaluates the number of volumes that are required for the operation and selects the storage pool with the fewest volumes.
Usually, a VTL that is set up with small logical volumes often has data that is spread over more volumes than the data in a physical tape library. As a result, the server selects the physical tape storage pool, which has fewer volumes, rather than the faster VTL storage pool.
To force the server to ignore the number of volumes when you select a storage pool to restore or to retrieve data, use the IGNORENUMVOLSCHECK IBM Spectrum Protect server option.
 
Storage pool selection: For more information about the storage pool selection, see the following web page:
13.2.12 Technical overview
Figure 13-1 illustrates a typical IBM Spectrum Protect environment that uses the ProtecTIER product. The IBM Spectrum Protect environment is straightforward. The IBM Spectrum Protect servers are connected to storage devices (disk, real tape, or virtual tape), which are used to store data that is backed up from the clients.
Every action and backup set that is processed by IBM Spectrum Protect is recorded in the IBM Spectrum Protect database. Without a copy of the IBM Spectrum Protect database, a IBM Spectrum Protect server cannot restore any of the data from the storage devices.
Figure 13-1 Typical IBM Spectrum Protect Environment with ProtecTIER (pre-IP replication)
The ProtecTIER product provides a virtual tape interface with the IBM Spectrum Protect servers and supports the creation of two storage pools:
•The ACTIVE IBM Spectrum Protect pool
•The ONSITE TAPE pool (called PT_TAPE_POOL)
Using the configuration that is shown in Figure 13-1, the user creates a storage pool to create real physical tapes to take offsite (called OFFSITE_TAPE). The user sizes the PT_TAPE_POOL (ProtecTIER system) to store all active client files plus about 30 days worth of inactive client files on virtual tape.
The user creates an ACTIVE POOL, which is also hosted on the ProtecTIER system. The ACTIVE POOL pool contains the most recent (active) files that are backed up from all client servers. Client restoration information comes from the ACTIVE Pool.
13.2.13 Advantages of an IBM Spectrum Protect environment with ProtecTIER
The configuration that is shown in Figure 13-1 on page 195 eliminates the usage of physical tape in the data center and enables faster restoration, because the information is coming from the ProtecTIER disk-based virtual tape versus real tape.
 
Volume definition: When you predefine the volume at IBM Spectrum Protect for backup, this volume is not parsed.
13.2.14 IBM Spectrum Protect configuration with VTL
This section describes the preferred practices when you configure IBM Spectrum Protect to work with the ProtecTIER VTL product. Although the operations mentioned in this section are described using the command-line interface (CLI), be aware that this operation can also be executed by using the Operations Center. To enable a ProtecTIER server to work with IBM Spectrum Protect, complete the following steps:
1. Ensure that devices (robot and tapes) are recognized by the operating system. Example 13-2 shows how the devices appear in an AIX server.
 
Output: For the sake of brevity, some of the output in these examples is shortened.
Example 13-2 Robot (smc0, smc1) and tapes (rmt0 - rmt63) in the AIX
lbsserv38> lsdev -Cc tape
rmt0 Available 02-08-02 IBM 3580 Ultrium Tape Drive (FCP)
rmt1 Available 02-08-02 IBM 3580 Ultrium Tape Drive (FCP)
rmt2 Available 02-08-02 IBM 3580 Ultrium Tape Drive (FCP)
...
rmt61 Available 03-08-02 IBM 3580 Ultrium Tape Drive (FCP)
rmt62 Available 03-08-02 IBM 3580 Ultrium Tape Drive (FCP)
rmt63 Available 03-08-02 IBM 3580 Ultrium Tape Drive (FCP)
smc0 Available 02-08-02 IBM 3584 Library Medium Changer (FCP)
smc1 Available 03-08-02 IBM 3584 Library Medium Changer (FCP)
2. In the administrative console (dsmadmc), you can define the library by using the VTL library type and relabelscratch parameters (Example 13-3).
Example 13-3 Defining a library in the IBM Spectrum Protect server
TSM:SERVER1> define library ptlibrary libtype=vtl relabelscratch=yes shared=yes
ANR8400I Library PTLIBRARY defined.
 
Library tape VTL: The library type VTL was introduced in Tivoli Storage Manager V6.3 to improve communication between Tivoli Storage Manager and the ProtecTIER VTL.
If you are using a version of Tivoli Storage Manager older than V6.3, you can use
libtype=scsi instead.
3. If you are using Tivoli Storage Manager V6.3 or later, you can create the path to the library and its subordinate drives by running the perform libaction command. For more information, see 13.2.16, “Defining and deleting IBM Spectrum Protect libraries with many drives” on page 199. Example 13-4 shows the perform libaction command.
Example 13-4 The perform libaction command
tsm: SERVER1>perform libaction ptlibrary action=define device=/dev/smc0 prefix=vtldr
ANR1720I A path from SERVER1 to PTLIBRARY has been defined.
ANR8955I Drive DR00 in library PTLIBRARY with serial number is updated with
the newly discovered serial number 4641632000.
ANR1720I A path from SERVER1 to PTLIBRARY DR00 has been defined.
 
Tip: To run the perform libaction command, the SANDISCOVERY parameter must be set to on. The SAN discovery function relies on the operating system device names, such as IBMtape0 or IBMchanger0. If you configured customized device names, for example, on Linux with udev, the SAN discovery function does not use those device names. To enable SAN discovery, run the following command:
tsm: SERVER1> setopt SANDISCOVERY on
Do you wish to proceed? (Yes (Y)/No (N)) y
ANR2119I The SANDISCOVERY option has been changed in the options file.
The IBM Spectrum Protect server SANDISCOVERY setting must be disabled for IBM Spectrum Protect CPF/DPF functionality. The ProtecTIER product exports multiple tape drives with the same WWPN, and the SAN discovery feature does not work as expected, so it must be turned off.
The SANDISCOVERY setting can be turned on temporarily so that IBM Spectrum Protect can perform the libaction command. It can then be turned off when you use control path failover (CPF)/data path failover (DPF) in IBM Spectrum Protect.
4. To display the SAN devices, run the query san command (Example 13-5).
Example 13-5 query san command output
TSM:SERVER1>query san
 
Devicetype Vendor Product Serial Number Device
------- ------- ------------ ------------------ -----------
LIBRARY IBM 03584L32 0046416329990402 /dev/smc0
DRIVE IBM ULT3580-TD3 4641632000 /dev/rmt0
DRIVE IBM ULT3580-TD3 4641632001 /dev/rmt1
5. If you are using a version of Tivoli Storage Manager earlier than Version 6.3, you must manually define the path of the robot and all of its subordinate drives, as shown in Example 13-6.
 
Drives definition: Define the names for the drive in Tivoli Storage Manager that represent the VTL.
Example 13-6 Manually defining the virtual tapes drives
tsm: SERVER1>def path SERVER1 PTLIBRARY srct=SERVER destt=library dev=/dev/smc0
ANR1720I A path from SERVER1 to PTLIBRARY has been defined.
 
tsm: SERVER1>q path
Source Name Source Type Destination Destination On-Line
Name Type
----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- -------
SERVER1 SERVER PTLIBRARY LIBRARY Yes
 
tsm: SERVER1>def drive PTLIBRARY drive1
ANR8404I Drive DRIVE1 defined in library PTLIBRARY.
 
tsm: SERVER1>def path SERVER1 DRIVE1 srct=SERVER destt=drive library=PTLIBRARY device=/dev/rmt0
ANR1720I A path from SERVER1 to PTLIBRARY DRIVE1 has been defined.
 
 
 
 
Important: The HBA wrapper files that are included with the IBM Spectrum Protect server package (except on AIX) provide communication with the virtual library. If AIX:/usr/lib/libhbaapi.a (provided by AIX with the HBAAPI installation) is not correctly configured, the following error might occur:
ANR1803W SAN discovery module /opt/tivoli/tsm/server/bin/dsmqsan is not installed correctly.
ANR1791W HBAAPI wrapper library libHBAAPI.a(shr_64.o) failed to load or is missing.
ANR1792W HBAAPI vendor library failed to load or is missing.
ANR8396E PERFORM LIBACTION: Library PTLIBRARY is not capable of discovering the drives that it owns.
To resolve this error, ensure that the SAN discovery module can run, has the setuid bit turned on, and is owned by root. The SAN discovery module is called dsmqsan, and must be in the server or storage agent executable directory, as shown here:
chown root:system /opt/tivoli/tsm/server/bin/dsmqsan
chmod 4755 /opt/tivoli/tsm/server/bin/dsmqsan
6. Label the virtual tapes. Example 13-7 shows the label libvol command that is required for label creation.
Example 13-7 The label libvol command
tsm: SERVER1>label libvol PTLIBRARY checkin=scratch search=yes labelsource=barcode
ANS8003I Process number 8 started.
 
Tip: If the AUTOLabel = yes parameter is defined in the IBM Spectrum Protect library definition, you can run the checkin labelsource=barcode command.
7. Define the device class in the IBM Spectrum Protect Server for the library (Example 13-8).
Example 13-8 Device class configuration
tsm: SERVER1>define devclass ptvtldevclass library=ptlibrary devtype=lto estcapacity=100000M format=ultrium3
ANR2203I Device class PTCLASS
defined.
8. The remaining tasks vary for each client environment. You must create storage pools by using the device class that is configured for the VTL. Then, you must update the management classes and backup/archive copy groups. After these steps are complete, you can explore the advantages of the ProtecTIER product.
13.2.15 Updating to a VTL library type
You can update an existing small computer system interface (SCSI) library to a VTL library type by running the following command:
update library <libname> LIBTYPE=VTL
Updating the library to a VTL library type enables ProtecTIER to make more accurate assumptions and skip unnecessary SCSI validations. Depending on the operating system, you might run into limitations, such as 300 - 500 maximum drives.
Setting the LIBTYPE=VTL also eliminates the restriction of defining only 120 tape drives when you use IBM Spectrum Protect and the ProtecTIER product. This feature is available only with Tivoli Storage Manager V6.3 or later. If you have a previous version of Tivoli Storage Manager, you might want to review APAR IC66116 (Large number of tape drives can cause volume mounts to perform slowly) at the following website:
 
Updating the library: The UPDATE LIBRARY function does not support mixed media, such as drives with different device types or device generations in the same library (LTO2 and LTO3). Also, this function requires that online paths be defined for servers and storage agents to all drives in the library. If paths are missing or offline, the performance levels degrade to the level of the SCSI library.
13.2.16 Defining and deleting IBM Spectrum Protect libraries with many drives
Version 6.3 introduced the PERFORM LIBACTION command, which automatically defines the library/path/drive structure in a single command. This action is helpful when you use the ProtecTIER product because it usually contains many drives. When you run the PERFORM LIBACTION command, complete the following steps:
1. Create a path to the library.
2. Scan for all drives that belong to the library and define all drives that are found in
the library.
3. Define paths to the drives found in the library, respecting the virtual tape drive numbering.
Use IBM Spectrum Protect to define and delete IBM Spectrum Protect libraries (VTL and SCSI library types only) that contain many drives by running the following command:
PERFORM LIBACtion <library_name> device=xxx action=define
Example 13-9 shows a partial output of this command.
Example 13-9 Partial output of a perform libaction command
tsm: SERVER1>perform libaction ptlibrary action=define device=/dev/smc0 prefix=vtldr
ANR1720I A path from SERVER1 to PTLIBRARY has been defined.
ANR2017I Administrator ADMIN issued command: PERFORM LIBACTION PTLIBRARY action=define device=/dev/smc0 prefix=dr
ANR2017I Administrator ADMIN issued command: DEFINE DRIVE PTLIBRARY DR00
ANR8404I Drive DR00 defined in library PTLIBRARY.
ANR2017I Administrator ADMIN issued command: DEFINE PATH SERVER1 DR00
SRCTYPE=SERVER DESTTYPE=DRIVE LIBRARY=PTLIBRARY
...
ANR2017I Administrator ADMIN issued command: DEFINE PATH SERVER1 DR00
SRCTYPE=SERVER DESTTYPE=DRIVE LIBRARY=PTLIBRARY DEVICE=/dev/rmt32
ANR8955I Drive DR00 in library PTLIBRARY with serial number is updated with
the newly discovered serial number 4641632001.
Run the PERFORM LIBACTION command to set up a single SCSI or virtual tape library (VTL).
If you are setting up or modifying your hardware environment and must create or change many drive definitions, the PERFORM LIBACTION command can make this task much simpler. You can define a library and then define all drives and paths to the drives. If you have an existing library that you want to delete, you can delete all existing drives and their paths.
The PERFORM LIBACTION command can be used only for SCSI and VTL libraries. If you are defining drives and paths for a library, the SANDISCOVERY option must be supported and enabled.
 
Note: For more information, see the IBM Knowledge Center:
13.3 IBM Spectrum Protect: FSI
This section provides the following information:
•Steps and preferred practices for configuring and setting up IBM Spectrum Protect for backup and restore.
•IBM Spectrum Protect parameters and settings for best performance with ProtecTIER FSI.
•Configuration steps and parameters to configure IBM Spectrum Protect sequential-access disk (FILE) device classes for usage with ProtecTIER FSI.
The required steps and preferred practices for IBM Spectrum Protect with ProtecTIER FSI-CIFS, or IBM Spectrum Protect on a UNIX system with a ProtecTIER FSI-NFS, are identical unless otherwise noted.
 
Note: ProtecTIER GA Version 3.4 was released with only the Virtual Tape Library (VTL) interface support. File System Interface (FSI) support was added to ProtecTIER PGA 3.4 Version. For details, see the announcement letter:
13.3.1 Setting up backup and restore on IBM Spectrum Protect
Before you set up the new IBM Spectrum Protect device classes for the FSI export, disable the server option directly. On a Linux system, configure the value for the DIRECTIO parameter, as shown in Example 13-10, in the dsmserv.opt file. IBM Spectrum Protect does try to use direct I/O to files on NFS shares when it is using dataformat=native (the default) on the storage pools.
Example 13-10 Disable direct IO for storage pools on NFS exports
DIRECTIO NO
To set backup and restore on IBM Spectrum Protect, start the IBM Spectrum Protect server by running the following command on the UNIX host:
/opt/tivoli/tsm/server/bin/dsmserv
 
Note: This operation can be executed by using the Operations Center.
The dsmserv command starts the IBM Spectrum Protect server. After the server is running, complete the following steps from the server in preparation for performing an IBM Spectrum Protect backup:
1. With ProtecTIER FSI, create sequential I/O device classes when you store the IBM Spectrum Protect volumes in an FSI share. A random file device class is not supported. The definition of the device class is the only step that differs between a Windows and UNIX IBM Spectrum Protect configuration, because it contains the operating system-specific file system notations.
Therefore, two dedicated examples are shown for each operating system type. To create the device class, run the command that is shown in Example 13-11 from the administrative command line of the IBM Spectrum Protect server.
Example 13-11 Define the sequential device class for UNIX with FSI-NFS
DEFine DEVclass PT1_fsi_devclass DEVType=FILE MOUNTLimit=192 MAXCAPacity=8G DIRectory=/mnt/puck_tsm2_nfs1,/mnt/puck_tsm2_nfs2
Alternatively if you configure a IBM Spectrum Protect server on Windows with a ProtecTIER CIFS share, run the command that is shown in Example 13-12.
Example 13-12 Define a sequential device class for Windows with FSI-CIFS
DEFine DEVclass PT1_fsi_devclass DEVType=FILE MOUNTLimit=192 MAXCAPacity=8G DIRectory=\FSI_IP_aliasshare1
 
Important: When you specify a file device class in IBM Spectrum Protect on Windows, do not specify the IP address when you configure the directory parameter. The full path of the IBM Spectrum Protect volumes is stored in the IBM Spectrum Protect database, including the network path with the Internet Protocol (IP) address.
Whenever the IP address of the FSI share changes or when you want to switch to a replicated file system on a remote repository, this action is not possible. Therefore, specify a host alias of the FSI interface IP in your domain server or create an entry in the operating system hosts file and specify the alias rather than any IP address.
Note: The MAXCAPacity=8GB suggestion is no longer relevant when using ProtecTIER Post General Availability V3.3.3 or later. From this code level and later, there is no suggestion to limit the backup file size and in fact the bigger the better
The parameter for the define devclass command is described with the default values. The suggested values for ProtecTIER FSI, along with additional explanations, are described in Table 13-2.
Table 13-2 Define devclass command parameters, default values, and suggested values
Parameter
Description
Suggested or maximum values
Default value
MOUNTLimit
Number of parallel streams. For VTL, this is the number of parallel mounted virtual cartridges. For FSI, this specifies the number of IBM Spectrum Protect volumes that can be opened simultaneously for read and write operations.
16, with a maximum of 192 parallel streams for IBM System Storage TS7650G ProtecTIER Deduplication Gateway (TS7650G) and a maximum of 64 streams for TS7620 SM2
Default is 20.
MAXCAPacity
Maximum file size a IBM Spectrum Protect volume can reach. Based on test results, we suggest a maximum volume size of 8 GB for deviceType=file.1
8 GBa
Default is 2 GB.
DIRectory
Location of the IBM Spectrum Protect volumes. When you define a file device class, the location is either a CIFS or NFS share. If the server needs to allocate a scratch volume, it creates a file in one of these directories. Furthermore, the distribution of incoming data streams is distributed across the available directory definitions, based on round robin. If one path is unavailable, then IBM Spectrum Protect selects the next available path. If a path is unavailable for read/restore operations, the operation might fail. Therefore, it is the administrators responsibility to implement failover mechanisms, such as bonding.
Specify at least two file shares, as shown in Example 13-11. Furthermore, the administrator needs to implement fault tolerance mechanisms for the network shares, such as bonding, to prevent path failures.
Default is the current working directory of the server when the command is issued.
1 The MAXCAPacity=8 GB suggestion is no longer relevant when using ProtecTIER PGA V3.3.3 or later. From this code level and later, there is no suggestion to limit the backup file size, and in fact the bigger the better.
2. To create your ProtecTIER storage pool, run the command that is shown in Example 13-13 from the IBM Spectrum Protect server.
Example 13-13 Defining a storage pool
DEFine STGpool PT1_stgpool PT1_fsi_devclass POoltype=PRimary Description="stgpool on ProtecTIER NFS share" REClaim=90 RECLAIMPRocess=16 MAXSCRatch=200 DEDUPlicate=no DataFormat=NATive
 
Important: When you use the define stgpool command, see Table 13-3 on page 203, for the parameter value descriptions.
Table 13-3 The define stgpool command parameters, default values, and suggested values
Parameter
Description
Suggested value
Default value
REClaim
(Optional) Specifies when the server reclaims a volume. This action is based on the percentage of reclaimable space on a volume. Reclamation makes the fragmented space on the volumes usable again by moving any remaining unexpired files from one volume to another volume, therefore making the original volume available for reuse.
90
60
RECLAIMPRocess
(Optional) Specifies the number of parallel processes to use for reclaiming the volumes in this storage pool.
TS7650: 3
TS7620: 3
1
MAXSCRatch
Specifies the maximum number of scratch volumes that the server can request for this storage pool.
To identify the number of scratch volumes, determine the ProtecTIER file system size that you configured by looking at the size of a scratch volume and reduce the number by 2 to avoid exceeding the file system size:
MAXSCRatch= (PT FS size in gigabytes / 8 GB)1 - 2
For example:
File system size=10 TB
MAXCAPacity= 8 GBa
MAXSCRatch=(10*1024/8) - 2 = 1278
The number of scratch volumes is based on the file system size that you configured on the ProtecTIER system.
 
REUsedelay
Specifies the number of days that must elapse after all files are deleted from a volume before the volume can be rewritten or returned to the scratch pool.
 
Default value is 0, which means that a volume can be rewritten or returned to the scratch pool when all the files are deleted from the volume.
MIGPRocess
Specifies the number of parallel processes to use for migrating files from the volumes in this storage pool.
TS7650/TS7620: 3
Default value is 1.
DATAFormat
Specifies the data format to use to back up files to this storage pool and restore files from this storage pool.
Native.
Important: Do not use the following option that can adversely affect performance and deduplication ratio:
DATAFormat=nonblock
Native
DEDUPlicate
If you use a version earlier than Tivoli Storage Manager V6.2, the DEDUPlicate option might not exist.
No
No
1 The MAXCAPacity=8 GB suggestion is not relevant anymore when using ProtecTIER PGA V3.3.3 or later. From this code level and higher there is no suggestion to limit the backup file size, and in fact the bigger the better.
3. To create your policy domain, run the following command:
DEFine DOmain domain1 BACKRETention=30 ARCHRETention=365
4. To create a policy set, run the following command:
DEFine POlicyset domain1 policyset1
5. To create a management class, run the following command:
DEFine mgmtclass domain1 policyset1 mgmtclass1
6. To create a copy group, run the following commands:
DEFine COpygroup domain1 policyset1 mgmtclass1 STANDARD Type=Backup FREQuency=0 DESTination=PT1 VERExists=NOLimit VERDeleted=5 RETExtra=30 RETOnly=60
DEFine COpygroup domain1 policyset1 mgmtclass1 STANDARD Type=Archive DESTination=PT1 RETVer=365 RETInit=CREATion
7. To set the default management class in the policy, run the following command:
ASsign DEFMGmtclass domain1 policyset1 mgmtclass1
8. To activate the policy, run the following command:
ACTivate POlicyset domain1 policyset1
9. To register a client, run the following command:
REGister Node <node name> <node password> PASSExp=0 DOmain=domain1 COMPression=no ARCHDELete=yes BACKDELete=yes Type=Client MAXNUMMP=80 DEDUPlication=SERVEROnly
 
DEDUPlicate option: If you use a version earlier than Tivoli Storage Manager Server V6.1 or Tivoli Storage Manager Client V6.2, the DEDUPlicate option does not exist. Do not add it to the command. Server-side data deduplication was introduced with Tivoli Storage Manager V6.1. Client-side data deduplication was introduced with Version 6.2.
10. To set the client option file, open the directory where the IBM Spectrum Protect client is installed and open the dsm.opt file. The file options should be set (Example 13-14).
Example 13-14 Client option file settings
NODENAME <the node name given at the register node command>
TCPSERVERADDRESS <IBM Protect server ip>
resourceutilization 10
compression no
deduplication no
 
Encryption: The encryption option should not be activated, otherwise it will negatively impact the ProtecTIER’s Hyperfactor capability.
13.3.2 Parameters for best performance with ProtecTIER FSI
Table 13-4 shows the IBM Spectrum Protect parameters and settings for best performance with ProtecTIER FSI.
Table 13-4 IBM Spectrum Protect parameter settings for best performance with ProtecTIER FSI
Value
Parameter
Component
Server or client
File
DEVType
Devclass
 
Dev class
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
IBM Spectrum Protect Server
8 GB1
MAXCAPacity
16
MOUNTLimit
Native
DATAFormat
 
 
 
Stg pool
<File system size GB>/<8> -2
MAXSCRatch
90
REClaim
Do not set this option.
DEDUPlicate
0
REUsedelay
No
COMPression
REGister Node
16
MAXNUMMP
 
No
compression
 
 
 
Option file
 
 
IBM Spectrum Protect Client
No
deduplication
Do not set this option.
encryptiontype
10
resource utilization
1 The MAXCAPacity=8 GB suggestion is no longer relevant when using ProtecTIER PGA V3.3.3 or later. From this code level and higher there is no suggestion to limit the backup file size, and in fact the bigger the better.
 
 
 
 
 
Tips:
•You should not use the define volume command. Use the IBM Spectrum Protect server to handle the file creation by setting the MAXSCRatch parameter of
define stgpool.
•Running the define volume command might affect ProtecTIER performance.
•When you run the define stgpool command, you should use the DATAFormat=native parameter. Do not use nonblock, because it might adversely affect the performance and the deduplication ratio.
•When you work with the ProtecTIER product, you should use the devclass file, but not the devclass disk.
 
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