INDEX
NUMBERS
1% economy, 5
19th century, ethos, 22
2008 bank bailout, 86–87
2008 financial crisis, 7, 18, 101–102, 105
2016, GIIN survey, 19
A
Academy of Management, 84
Accountable Capitalism Act, 6
ACRE (Action Center on Race and the Economy), 121
Adams, Charles Francis, 29
Adams, John, 3–4
advocacy networks, 122
agricultural cooperatives, 18
AIG, nationalization, 91
AIM (American Indian Movement), 28
Alexander, Michelle, 4
“All My Relations,” 34–36
Alperovitz, Gar, 20, 95–96, 111–112, 115–116
alternatives, creating space for, 87
American Revolution, 4
American Sustainable Business Council, 123
American Working Capital, 108
Amsterdam, Transnational Institute, 126
anchor institutions, 3, 53–54, 57–58
anchor mission, 17, 51, 113, 169
Angelou, Maya, 15
Anishinaabeg of White Earth Reservation, 38
Apartheid, 113
Arkwright, Richard, 101
Ashoka Fellow, 31
Asian Pacific Environmental Network, 125
asset- building projects, 114
assets, capital as, 20–22
Avon Mutual bank, 103
B
baby boom entrepreneurs, 84
Baldwin, James, 41
BALLE (Business Alliance for Local Living Economies), 124
Bamburg, Jill, 34
bank bailout, 2008, 86–87
Bank of England, 94
Bank of North Dakota, 103
banking industry, 7, 19, 25, 101–105, 107. See also central banks
Bank of North Dakota, 103
cooperative banks, 103
credit unions, 102
KfW development bank, 103
public banks, 104
Sparkassen (German banks), 19, 102
Volksbank (German banks), 102
banking relationships, 114
Barkawi, Alexander, 92
Battle, Mike, 78
Belafonte, Harry, 50
belonging, from extraction to, 65–66
Benson, Gordon, 98
Berenson, Alex, 60
Berkebile, Bob, 31
Bernanke, Ben, 92
Berry, Richard, 12
Bezos, Jeff, 4–5
bias, basis of, 20
Big Oil, 96
billionaires, wealth of, 4–5
Blasi, Joseph, 84
BNIM, 31
Boston Consulting Group, 81
Bouri, Amit, 19
BP, 90
Branam, Kimberly, 43–44
Brave NoiseCat, Julan, 93–94
Brecher, Jeremy, 65
Bresette, Walt, 94
breweries, 17
Britain. See United Kingdom
British Columbia, 93–94
the Bronx, CHCA (Cooperative Home Care Associates), 10
Brown, Matthew, 11, 97–98, 100–102, 108–109
“Buddhist Economics,” 69
buffalo, return of, 29
Buffet, Warren, 4–5
Build Healthy Places Network, 125
Bush, George W., 91
Business Alliance for Local Living Economies and RSF Social Finance, 16
“By the People: Designing a Better America,” 31
C
“call for concepts,” 8
Canada, “social economy,” 18
Canim Lake Band Tsq’escenemc, 93–94
capital
as assets, 20–22
and employee ownership, 108
income to, 59
versus labor, 69
language of, 48–49
relationship to income, 23
Capital Institute, 88
Carbon Tracker, 95
“carbon- heavy” companies, 94
Carney, Mark, 94
Carpenter, Edward, 12
Carson, Rachel, 75
Castro, Julian, 31
caucus, 46
CDC (Community Development Corporation), 32
Center for Community Progress, 124
central banks, 92. See also banking industry
Chakrabarti, Saikat, 89, 99–100
change, need for, 114–115
Chanov, Mike, 74
charitable donations, 114
CHCA (Cooperative Home Care Associates), 10, 62–67, 69–71
chemical industry, 81
Chevron, 90
Chicago, Rush University Medical Center, 17
Ciba- Geigy chemical company, 81–83
Citigroup, 94
City of London, 104
Clean Water Act, 75
CLES (Centre for Local Economic Strategies), 98–99, 126
Cleveland, Glenville section, 1–2
Cleveland, University Hospitals, 10
Cleveland Clinic, 3
Cleveland Model, 3, 11–12, 99, 108. See also University Circle
CLEVR credit union, 102
Climate Breakthrough Project, 86
climate change, 10, 87, 90, 96
Climate Change Accelerator, 86
Climate Justice Alliance, 125
Climate Strategies Accelerator Fund, 87
coal, peak of, 95
colearning, 34
Coleman, Tim, 13
collective, 65
colonization, 36–37
Colorado activists, 90–91
Communications Workers of America Local 7777, 17
community, principle of, 9, 21, 34–36
Community Change, 122
community control networks, 124
community development financial institutions, 19
community wealth, 22, 33, 39–40, 100. See also wealth
companies
as human communities, 112–113
as living systems, 79–80
taking public, 75
ConocoPhillips, 90
“conservation,” 93
conservatives versus progressives, 25
consumer cooperatives, 18
Continental Illinois National Bank and Trust Company, 91
Continental Railroad, 29
Cooper Hewitt Smithsonian Design Museum, 31
cooperation, structures for, 3
Cooperation Jackson (Mississippi), 122
Cooperative Development Foundation, 67
cooperatives, worker- owned, 17
corporate profits, 68
corporate redesign effort, 115
corporation, 4
crisis, defining, 92–94. See also systemic crisis
CSR (corporate social responsibility), 79
CSS (Community Service Society), 65
Cuchmore, Bruce, 79
D
David and Lucile Packard Foundation, 86
Davids, Sharice, 35
Dawson, Steve, 67
decision making, 81
Decolonizing Wealth, 114
democracy
bringing into economy, 19–20
laboratories of, 11
Democracy Collaborative, 20, 26–27, 30, 33, 55, 57, 70, 80, 84, 86–87, 95, 103, 108, 111, 115
Democracy at Work Institute, 123
democratic economy
advancing, 107–108
basis of, 16
versus extractive design, 83–84
overview, 3–4
pattern language, 113–114
progressives versus conservatives, 25–26
terminology, 8
democratic ownership, principle of, 9–10, 23–24, 75. See also ownership
Democratic Socialists of America, 122
Denver, Green Taxi, 17
department store chain, John Lewis Partnership, 17–18
Dewey, John, 19
divestment, 114
The Divine Right of Capital, 90
Dodge v. Ford, 81
E
EA Engineering
as benefit corporation, 77
and Ciba- Geigy chemical company, 81
conversion to employee ownership/ESOP, 76–78
design lessons, 79–80
founder Loren Jensen, 75–77
mission statement, 75
profitability, 78
earnings per share, 60
Ecological Analysts, 75
ecological concerns, 24, 81–82, 86–94
ecological constraints, 23–24
economic person, 38
person-in-community, 37
economic system, statistic, 11
economic and political freedoms, 23, 70
economy
failures of, 5
moving inside, 8–9
nomenclature, 7–8
building for mission, 66–67
protecting, 24
ecotoxicology lab, 74
Edward Lloyd’s Coffeehouse, 101
Eileen Fisher women’s clothing, 17, 80
electorate, energizing, 100–101
Elsas, Michael, 64
Emerald Cities Collaborative, 125
employee involvement, 78–79
employee ownership
examples of, 2–3, 10, 61–67, 74–80
investing in, 108
legislation, 12
and progressive business, 123–124
in UK, 17
employee- owned benefit corporations, 80, 84
employment statistics, 67–68
empowerment, building in workplace, 70
“Ending the Age of Oil,” 86
energy sector, 95
England. See United Kingdom
enslaved people as capital, 48–49
enterprise designs, creating, 23–24
enterprise ownership, 22
Environmental Protection Agency, 75
The ESOP Association, 123
ESOPs (employee stock ownership plans), 7–8, 17, 77–79, 83–84
ethical economy, 94–95
ethical finance, principle of, 9, 11, 24–25, 101, 107–109. See also fiduciary duty
ethics, basis of, 93
European Central Bank, 91–92
European Union, banking industry, 19
Evergreen Cooperatives
Evergreen Cooperative Development Fund, 108
Evergreen Cooperative Laundry 2–3, 12–13, 53, 55–57, 108
Fund for Employee Ownership, 108
Green City Growers, 2–3
expense, income to labor as, 23
external regulation, 81–83
extractive economy
aim of, 104
versus democratic economy, 20–25, 83–84
end game, 88
ethos, 36–37
global reach, 53
versus good work, 67
limits, 115
problems, 106
terminology, 5
F
Fagin, Dan, 81–82
“fair process,” 59
Fairerpower Red Rose, 99
Fat Tire Amber Ale, 17
federal buyout, 91–93
fiduciary duty, 6. See also ethical finance
finance
existence of, 104
and investing networks, 122–123
financial institutions, 19
financial overshoot, 106
financialization
and collapse, 104–107
and globalization, 22
FIRE sector, 104–105
Flanders, Laura, 99–100
For the Common Good, 37
Forwood, Christina, 77
fossil fuels, 88, 90–91, 94–95, 114
fracking, limiting, 90–91
freedoms, economic and political, 23
free-range chickens, 36
fresh water bodies, study of, 75
Fullerton, John, 88
Fund for Employee Ownership, 108
G
Gardener’s Supply, 80
gas companies, buying out, 92
Gates, Bill, 4–5
GDP (gross domestic product), 20, 22, 58, 68, 105
General Motors, nationalization, 91
Germany, banking industry, 19, 102–103
GIIN (Global Impact Investing Network) survey, 19, 122
Gilded Age, 4
Glasser, Ruth, 65
Glenville section of Cleveland, 1–2
“global debt bubble,” 107
global warming catastrophe, 87–88
globalization and financialization, 22
“golden spike,” 29
Goldman Sachs, 93
Good Energies Foundation, 86
good work, principle of, 9–10, 23, 63–64, 67
Government Accountability Office, 67
Great Depression, 11
Great Migration, 53
Great Recession of 2008, 19
Greater University Circle Initiative. See GUCI.
Green, Stephen, 44
green building certification, 76
“Green QE,” 92
Green Taxi, 17
Greenleaf Center for Servant Leadership, 82
Greenwich Village, 104
Grounded Solutions Network, 124
Guam, stream banks in, 74–75
Guatemala, nonprofit in, 78–79
GUCI (Greater University Circle Initiative), 54–55, 57
Gutierrez, Stephanie, 35–36, 40
H
Hammer, David, 67
Hampshire Community Bank, 102
Health Care Without Harm, 125
Healthcare Anchor Network, 57
healthcare and outcomes, 57–58
healthy communities, 125
Healthy Neighborhoods Albuquerque, 12
Heilbroner, Robert, 73
Herod, Yvette, 58
home health aide jobs, 67
homo economicus, 37
hope, significance of, 13, 116
Hope Nation consulting group, 35, 40, 124
hospital systems
nonprofits, 17
percentage of US GDP, 58
house- cleaning enterprise, Si Se Puede! 17
housing networks, 124
human “capabilities,” 23
Hunter, Karlene, 29
I
ICS (Independence Care System), 66, 71
imagination, power of, 113–114
IMF, warning of “storm clouds,” 107
impact investing, 16, 25. See also investing
inclusion
principle of, 9–10, 21, 44, 46–47, 49–50
significance to Lakota, 39
income
gains, 5
relationship to capital, 23
indigenous peoples, 93–94
Industrial Revolution, 4, 57, 101
inequality networks, 121
Institute for Policy Studies, 121
international networks, 126. See also US
investing. See also impact investing
and finance networks, 122–123
and lending, 24–25
IOFs (inclusive ownership funds), 6
IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change), 87
“an island of human decency,” 63
J
Jacobs, Jane, 104
Jim Crow, 53
joblessness, impacts of, 68–69
jobs, statistic related to, 6
John Lewis Partnership, 17–18
Johnson, Walter, 48
Jones, Brett, 108
JP Morgan, 88
K
Kickstarter, 18
King, Martin Luther, 47, 49, 54
Koch brothers, 90
Krajnak, Katherine, 45–46
Kuhn, Thomas, 116
Kuri, Lillian, 55–56
L
labor
versus capital, 69
as cost to be eliminated, 69–70
economy centered on, 69
income, 68
putting before capital, 23, 61, 69
laboratory of democracy, 11
Labour Party plan, 6, 92, 100–101, 103. See also United Kingdom
lakes, study of, 75
Lakota Sioux, 9, 28, 36, 38–40
land
networks, 124
view of indigenous peoples, 93–94
Land O’Lakes, 18
language
considering, 7–8
pattern language, 114
Latin America, 18
laundry cooperative, 2–3
Lear, Jonathan, 8
LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design), 76, 83
Legacy Emanuel Hospital, 47–48
Legatum Institute, 18–19
legitimacy, moral force of, 113–114
lending and investing, 24–25
“Leverage Points: Places to Intervene in a System,” 112
Liverpool, 108
living economy, 7
living systems, companies as, 79–80
Lloyd’s of London, 101
local community wealth, 22, 103, 124
Local Enterprise Assistance Fund, 67
local flows, 104
M
MacFarlane, Ian, 76–77, 82, 84
Maharidge, Dale, 13
Main Street Project, 36
Manhattan, Dutch settlement, 104
Maori on Whanganui River, 94
Maroney, Jon, 45
Martin, Octaviea, 61–62
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 81
May, Dick, 108
McKinley, Sarah, 34
McMicken, John, 108
#MeToo movement, 113
middle class, 63
Millstone, Carina, 81
mindset, shift in, 112–113
Minneapolis, Tech Dump, 17
mission and management, balancing, 64–65
Mitakuye Oyasin, 34–36
Momentum network, 126
monarchy, 113
Mondragon Corporation, 18
money, creation of, 92
Moneyline community-oriented financial institution, 102
moonshot analogy, 88–89
Moore, James, 102–103
moral clarity, 113–115
moral decision making, 81
moral leadership, 82
Moses, Robert, 104
Muhammad, Rahsaan, 48
multipliers, significance to Lakota, 39
Murphy, Phil, 7
N
Namaste Solar, 80
NANF (Native American Natural Foods), 30
NASDAQ, 75–76
National Center for Employee Ownership, 124
National Community Reinvestment Coalition, 123
National Home Care Cooperatives Conference, 67
National Rural Utilities Cooperative Finance Corporation, 67
national support, 103
nationalization of industries, 18–19, 91
Native American
community-based economy, 29
leaders, 27–28
natural resources, consumption of, 5
nature, war waged on, 24
The Nature of Economics, 104
Neighborhood Connections program, 55
Neihardt, John, 38
Network Nights, 55
network of local flows, 104
networks
ACRE (Action Center on Race and the Economy), 121
advocacy networks, 122
American Sustainable Business Council, 123
Asian Pacific Environmental Network, 125
B Lab nonprofit, 123
BALLE (Business Alliance for Local Living Economies), 124
Build Healthy Places Network, 125
capital bias networks, 121
Center for Community Progress, 124
CLES (Centre for Local Economic Strategies), 126
Climate Justice Alliance, 125
Community Change, 122
community control networks, 124
Cooperation Jackson (Mississippi), 122
Democracy at Work Institute, 123
Democratic Socialists of America, 122
Emerald Cities Collaborative, 125
employee ownership, 123–124
equitable local economies, 124
The ESOP Association, 123
finance and investing networks, 122–123
GIIN (Global Impact Investing Network) survey, 122
Grounded Solutions Network, 124
Health Care Without Harm, 125
healthy communities, 125
Hope Nation consulting group, 124
housing networks, 124
ICA Group, 123
inequality networks, 121
Institute for Policy Studies, 121
just transition networks, 125
land networks, 124
local economies, 124
Momentum network, 126
National Center for Employee Ownership, 124
National Community Reinvestment Coalition, 123
NDN Collective, 122
New Economics Foundation, 126
New Economy Coalition, 122
New Economy Organisers Network, 126
New Economy Project (NYC), 122
Oil Change International, 125
outside US, 125
People’s Action, 122
PolicyLink, 121
progressive business, 123–124
Project Equity, 124
Public Banking Institute, 123
racial equity networks, 121
REDF (Roberts Enterprise Development Fund), 124
Right to the City Alliance, 124
Roosevelt Institute, 121
The Root Cause Coalition, 125
SOCAP (Social Capital Markets), 123
Sunrise Movement, 125
Transnational Institute, 126
Uprose (NYC), 125
The Working World, 123
Nevo, Aviv, 63
New Deal, 88
New Economics Foundation, 126
new economy, 7
New Economy Coalition, 122
New Economy Organisers Network, 126
New Economy Project (NYC), 122
New York State, minimum wage, 71
New Zealand, 93–94
NewBridge training facility, 55
Newsome, Gavin, 7
“next generation enterprise design,” 115
Next System Project, 87
Ney, Peter, 77
nomenclature, considering, 7–8
nonprofits, 16–18
North Dakota, 103
Nussbaum, Martha, 23
NYC (New Economy Project), 122
O
OAF (Oregon Angel Fund), 45
Oak Foundation, 86
Ocasio-Cortez, Alexandria, 6, 89
Ocean Spray, 18
Oil Change International, 88, 125
oil companies, buying out, 89, 92, 95–96
Oil Lab Fellows, 86
Ojibway people, 94
OneApp, 42
opportunity, creating, 21
“Opposing Rules of Home and Work,” 58
Organic Valley, 18
organizing networks, 122
outcomes, producing, 21
Owíŋža Quilters Cooperative, 33
ownership. See also democratic
ownership
notion of, 69
and publics, 23–24
significance to Lakota, 39
transforming, 65–66
P
Paine, Thomas, 69
Park Hotel, 99
passions, public versus private, 3
Paulson, Hank, 93
PBC (public benefit corporation), 74–75
PDC (Portland Development Commission), 43–44
Peck, Jules, 103
Pelosi, Nancy, 93
“the penny drops,” 95–96
People’s Action, 122
person-in-community, 37
pharmaceutical companies, public ownership, 115
PHI (Paraprofessional Healthcare Institute), 66
philanthropic leadership, 16, 114
Phillips, Kevin, 104
Pierce Lee, India, 55
Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, 9, 28, 31–32
place
significance to Lakota, 39
Platinum building, 76
Polanyi, Karl, 57
policy
capital- bias advancements, 5
need for, 111–112
of openness, 78
PolicyLink, 121
political and economic freedoms, 23
Poor People’s Campaign, 49–50
Preamble of US Constitution, 94
Preston, England, 11–12, 98, 101–103
Preston Cooperative Development Network, 99
principles of systems, 9–11, 21–25. See also systems
privileges, unequal distribution, 20
privitization, 18
profits
capital as, 23
of corporations, 68
pursuit of, 6
rising, 59
“the progress of history,” 47
progressive business, and employee ownership, 123–124
progressives versus conservatives, 25
Project Equity, 124
Promise Zone, Pine Ridge as, 31
property rights, balancing, 49, 90
Prosper Portland, 9, 44, 46–48
prosperity, 21
Proverbs 29:18, 1
“prudence,” value of, 77
Public Banking Institute, 123
public benefit corporation, 79
public good, 3
public ownership, 18–19, 100, 107
Bank of North Dakota, 103
public banks, 104
Sparkassen (German banks), 19, 102
UK Investment Bank, 103
Volksbank (German banks), 102
public takeover, justification, 90–91
PwC (PricewaterhouseCoopers), 12
Q
QE (quantitative easing), 86–87, 89, 91–92, 95–96
Quebec, “social economy,” 18
R
racial economic equity, advancing, 49
racial equity networks, 121
racism in Portland, 47
Rasmussen, Bernie, 35
Rattling Leaf, James, 27
RBS big bank, 107
REDF (Roberts Enterprise Development Fund), 124
Reed, Howard, 105–106
regenerative community, 31–33. See also sustainability
regenerative economy, 7
regulation, 81–83
REI, 18
Reid, Walt, 87
resources. See Appendix, 121–126
retirement accounts, American households, 84
“revolutionary river,” 4
Richard, Ronn, 54
Right to the City Alliance, 124
rights of property, balancing, 90
Rockefeller, John D., 1–2
Rockefeller family, 114
Rodriguez Richard, Bess, 54
Roeper, Barb, 78
Rogers, Jim, 107
Roosevelt, Theodore, 1
Roosevelt Institute, 121
The Root Cause Coalition, 125
Rose, Jessica, 108
Rosenthal, Catlin, 49
Rush University Medical Center, 17
S
S Corporation, 78
Sale, Kirkpatrick, 51
A Sand County Almanac, 93
Santos Skandier, Carla, 10, 86, 95
Scottish government, 108
segregation, 53–55
SEIU (Service Employees International Union), 71
self-organization, 9
Sen, Amartya, 20
shareholders, benefiting, 81
sharing economy, 7
Si Se Puede! housecleaning enterprise, 17
Silicon Valley, 9
skepticism, confronting, 58–60
Smith, Adam, 48
Smulyan, Betsy, 65
SOCAP (Social Capital Markets), 44, 123
social determinants of health, 58
“social economy,” 18
Social Enterprise Alliance, 17
Social Security, 11
socialist, 8
soil depletion, 5
solidarity economy, 7
South Mountain Company, 80
Spain, Mondragon Corporation, 18
Sparkasse cooperative bank, 102
Spokane Tribal Network, 35
stakeholder capitalism, 7
stakeholder management, 84
Standard Oil, 1–2
Startup PDX Challenge, 43
state- owned banks. See banking industry
statistics
community wealth, 22
decimation of Native population, 31
discrimination in Portland, 43
economic system, 11
employment by cooperatives, 18
ESOPs (employee stock ownership plans), 17
income disparities, 5
investments, 19
jobs, 6
public ownership of water, 19
stockholders, 22
unemployment figures, 67
vertebrate population, 5
steelworkers in Cleveland, 2
stewardship, 112–113
Stiglitz, Joseph, 5
stockholders, statistic, 22
stranded assets, 94
stream banks, reducing erosion in, 74–75
“suicide capital of England,” 12
Sunkist, 18
Sunrise Movement, 125
sustainability. See also regenerative community
business case, 81
ethical basis, 81
Switzerland, Council of Economic Policies, 92
symbioses, 3–4
systemic crisis, 111–112. See also crisis
systems, significance to Lakota, 40. See also principles of systems
T
takeover, justification, 90–91, 95
“A Tale of Two Cities,” 44
Tall, Joann, 30
Tall, Rae, 35
Tanka Bar buffalo meat stick, 29–30
Tech Dump, 17
technology, 115
Tennessee Valley Authority, 11
terminology, considering, 7–8
Thikáğa Construction, 33
Thunder Valley CDC (Community Development Corporation), 32, 35, 37
Tilsen, Mark, 29
Tithebarn shopping mall project, 98
Toms River, New Jersey, 81
Toothaker, Erin, 79
Towards Employment, 58
toxic pollution, 82
transition networks, 125
Transnational Institute, 126
TransUnion, 45
tribal nations, 31–32
Trump, Donald, 115–116
Tudor Jones, Paul, 107
U
UH (University Hospitals), 52, 58
UK debt load/GDP, 106
UK Investment Bank, 103
UN Brundtland Report, 24
underemployment, 67
unemployment figures, 67
Union Pacific, 29
United Kingdom. See also Labour Party plan
2008 financial crisis, 101–102, 105
Community Savings Banking Association, 102–103
employee ownership, 84
Labour Party plan, 6
universities, percentage of US GDP, 58
University Circle, Cleveland, 53–54. See also Cleveland Model
University Hospitals in Cleveland, 10
University of Central Lancashire, 99
Uprose (NYC), 125
US, community development financial institutions, 19. See also international networks
US cooperative sector, 18
US Green Building Council, 16
V
“various types of unfreedoms,” 20
vertebrates, disappearance of, 5
Villanueva, Edgar, 114
VNSNY (Visiting Nurse Service of New York), 66
Volksbank cooperative bank, 102
W
Wagner, Kristen, 35
Wall Street, 104
Wampler, Staci, 58–59
Warren, Elizabeth, 6
wastewater treatment facilities, 74, 82
Water for People, 78–79
water samples, testing, 74
wealth, concentration of, 4–5. See also community wealth
Welsh assembly, 108
wetlands, study of, 75
Whanganui Maori, 94
White, Jo, 37
White Earth Reservation, 38
Wiggins, Sandy, 15–16
women business owners, 46
Wood, Gordon S., 4
work. See labor
worker- owned cooperatives, 17
CHCA (Cooperative Home Care Associates), 10, 62–67, 69–71
Evergreen Cooperatives
Evergreen Cooperative Development Fund, 108
Evergreen Cooperative Laundry 2–3, 12–13, 53, 55–57, 108
Fund for Employee Ownership, 108
Green City Growers, 2–3
worker ownership funds, 100
workforce, significance to Lakota, 39
working poor, 63
The Working World, 123
workplace, building empowerment in, 70
World Wars I and II, nationalization of companies, 91
Y
“yellow metal,” 29