- D Cookbook
- Table of Contents
- D Cookbook
- Credits
- Foreword
- About the Author
- About the Reviewers
- www.PacktPub.com
- Preface
- 1. Core Tasks
- Introduction
- Installing the compiler and writing a "Hello World" program
- Adding additional modules (files) to your program
- Using external libraries
- Building and processing arrays
- Using associative arrays to translate input
- Creating a user-defined vector type
- Using a custom exception type
- Understanding immutability
- Slicing a string to get a substring
- Creating a tree of classes
- 2. Phobos – The Standard Library
- Introduction
- Performing type conversions
- Finding the largest files in a directory
- Creating a network client and server
- Using Base64 to create a data URI
- Generating random numbers
- Normalizing a string and performing Unicode comparisons
- Searching with regular expressions
- Writing a digest utility
- Using the std.zlib compression
- Using the std.json module
- 3. Ranges
- Introduction
- Using ranges when implementing an algorithm
- Creating an input range
- Creating an output range
- Creating a higher-order range
- Putting a range interface on a collection
- Creating an input range over a tree structure
- Using runtime polymorphic (class) ranges
- Storing a range as a data member
- Sorting ranges efficiently
- Searching ranges
- Using functional tools to query data
- 4. Integration
- Introduction
- Calling the Windows API functions
- Removing the Windows console
- Making Linux system calls
- Writing part of a C program in D
- Interfacing with C++
- Using structs to mimic the C++ object structure
- Communicating with external processes
- Communicating with a dynamic scripting language
- Using Windows' COM
- 5. Resource Management
- Introduction
- Avoiding the garbage collector
- Making a reference-counted object
- Manually managing class memory
- Using scope guards to manage transactions
- Creating an array replacement
- Managing lent resources
- Creating a NotNull struct
- Using unique pointers
- Using RAII and handling the limitations of class destructors
- 6. Wrapped Types
- Introduction
- Creating a struct with reference semantics
- Simulating inheritance with structs
- Creating a ranged integer
- Creating an opaque handle type
- Creating a subtyped string for i18n
- Forwarding methods with opDispatch
- Creating a tagged dynamic type
- Creating a structure with two views into the same data
- Simulating multiple inheritance with mixin templates
- 7. Correctness Checking
- Introduction
- Using assertions and exceptions
- Using static asserts
- Using template constraints and static if
- Preventing memory corruption bugs with @safe
- Leveraging const-correctness
- Avoiding side effects of pure functions
- Verifying object invariants and pre- and post-conditions
- Unit testing your code
- Documenting your code with Ddoc
- Writing platform-specific code (versions) and per-client configuration modules
- 8. Reflection
- Introduction
- Getting dynamic runtime type information
- Getting a list of child classes
- Determining whether a module is available
- Getting a list of all methods or fields in a module or an object
- Inspecting function overloads
- Determining names, types, and default values of function parameters
- Getting components of complex types
- Using user-defined attributes
- Implementing a custom lint-style check for virtual functions
- Extending the runtime type information
- Creating a command-line function caller
- 9. Code Generation
- Introduction
- Creating user-defined literals
- Parsing a domain-specific language
- Generating data structures from text diagrams
- Automating dynamic calls with multiple dispatch
- Building a lookup table
- Using string parameters to change functions
- Wrapping instance methods
- Using opDispatch to generate properties
- Duck typing to a statically-defined interface
- 10. Multitasking
- 11. D for Kernel Coding
- 12. Web and GUI Programming
- Introduction
- Creating a dynamic website with cgi.d
- Creating a web API with web.d
- Parsing and modifying an HTML page with dom.d
- Accessing a SQL database
- Sending an e-mail
- Writing colored output to the console
- Getting real-time input from the terminal
- Working with image files
- Creating a graphics window to show a TV static demo
- Creating an OpenGL window
- A. Addendum
- Index
In this chapter, we will look at D's multitasking capabilities with threads, fibers, and processes. We'll learn about the following:
- Using threads
- Passing messages with
std.concurrency - Processing parallel data with
std.parallelism - Using fibers
- Creating new processes
- Exploring thread-safe, single-locking singletons
- Using asynchronous I/O
Multitasking has several uses in modern computer programs. It can accelerate speed by utilizing multiple processor cores or continuing to crunch numbers while waiting on a file to load from secondary storage, such as a slow hard drive. It can improve scalability by spreading a task across several servers. Also, it can improve reliability by putting buggy components in separate processes that will crash independently of the main application.
D has support in the language and library for various forms of multitasking, including processes, threads, fibers, and single-instruction and multiple-data CPU features. By accessing operating system APIs, D can also utilize asynchronous I/O, among other features.
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