This appendix lists most of the MATLAB commands and functions used in the text, along with a few others. For a complete list by category (with links to detailed descriptions) see MATLAB: Reference: MATLAB Function Reference: Functions by Category in the online documentation.
The command help by itself displays a list of all the function categories (each in its own directory).
demo | Run demos |
help | Online help |
helpwin | Display categories of functions with links to each category |
lookfor | Keyword search through help entries |
type | List M-files |
what | Directory listing of M- and MAT-files |
which | Locate functions and files |
C.1.1. Managing variables and the workspace
clear
Clear variables and functions from memory
disp
Display matrix or text
length
Length of vector
load
Retrieve variables from disk
save
Save workspace variables to disk
size
Array dimensions
who, whos
List variables in workspace
C.1.2. Files and the operating system
beep
Produce beep sound
cd
Change current working directory
delete
Delete file
diary
Save text of MATLAB session
dir
Directory listing
edit
Edit M-file
!
Execute operating system command
C.1.3. Controlling the Command Window
clc
Clear Command Window
echo
Echo commands in script
format
Set output format for disp
home
Send cursor home
more
Control paged output
C.1.4. Starting and quitting MATLAB
exit
Terminate MATLAB
quit
Terminate MATLAB
startup
Execute M-file when MATLAB starts
all | True if all elements of vector are true (nonzero) |
any | True if any element of vector is true |
exist | Check if variable or file exists |
find | Find indices of nonzero elements |
is* | Detect various states |
logical | Convert numeric values to logical values |
error | Display error message |
eval | Interpret string containing MATLAB expression |
feval | Function evaluation |
for | Repeat statement specific number of times |
global | Define global variable |
if | Conditionally execute statements |
persistent | Define persistent variable |
switch | Switch among several cases |
try | Begin try block |
while | Repeat statements conditionally |
input | Prompt user for input |
keyboard | Invoke keyboard as script file |
menu | Generate menu of choices for user input |
pause | Wait for user response |
eye | Identity matrix |
linspace | Vector with linearly spaced elements |
ones | Matrix of ones |
rand | Uniformly distributed random numbers and arrays |
randn | Normally distributed random numbers and arrays |
zeros | Matrix of zeros |
: (colon) | Vector with regularly spaced elements |
C.4.1. Special variables and constants
ans
Most recent answer
eps
Floating-point relative accuracy
i or j
Inf
Infinity
NaN
Not-a-Number
nargin, nargout
Number of actual function arguments
pi
3.14159 26535 897 …
realmax
Largest positive floating-point number
realmin
Smallest positive floating-point number
varargin, varargout
Pass or return variable numbers of arguments
C.4.2. Time and date
calendar
Calendar
clock
Wall clock (complete date and time)
date
Actual date
etime
Elapsed time
tic, toc
Stopwatch
weekday
Day of week
C.4.3. Matrix manipulation
cat
Concatenate arrays
diag
Create or extract diagonal
fliplr
Flip in left/right direction
flipud
Flip in up/down direction
repmat
Replicate and tile array
reshape
Change shape
rot90
Rotate 90∘
tril
Extract lower tridiagonal part
triu
Extract upper tridiagonal part
C.4.4. Specialized matrices
gallery
Test matrices
hilb
Hilbert matrix
magic
Magic square
pascal
Pascal matrix
wilkinson
Wilkinson's eigenvalue test matrix
abs | Absolute value |
acos, acosh | Inverse cosine, inverse hyperbolic cosine |
acot, acoth | Inverse cotangent, inverse hyperbolic cotangent |
acsc, acsch | Inverse cosecant, and inverse hyperbolic cosecant |
angle | Phase angle |
asec, asech | Inverse secant, inverse hyperbolic secant |
asin, asinh | Inverse sine, inverse hyperbolic sine |
atan, atanh | Inverse tangent (two quadrant), inverse hyperbolic tangent |
atan2 | Inverse tangent (four quadrant) |
bessel | Bessel function |
ceil | Round up |
conj | Complex conjugate |
cos, cosh | Cosine, hyperbolic cosine |
cot, coth | Cotangent, hyperbolic cotangent |
csc, csch | Cosecant, hyperbolic cosecant |
erf | Error function |
exp | Exponential |
fix | Round toward zero |
floor | Round down |
gamma | Gamma function |
imag | Imaginary part |
log | Natural logarithm |
log2 | Dissect floating-point numbers into exponent and mantissa |
log10 | Common logarithm |
mod | Modulus (signed remainder after division) |
rat | Rational approximation |
real | Real part |
rem | Remainder after division |
round | Round toward nearest integer |
sec, sech | Secant, hyperbolic secant |
sign | Signum function |
sin, sinh | Sine, hyperbolic sine |
sqrt | Square root |
tan, tanh | Tangent, hyperbolic tangent |
det | Determinant |
eig | Eigenvalues and eigenvectors |
expm | Matrix exponential |
inv | Matrix inverse |
poly | Characteristic polynomial |
rank | Number of linearly independent rows or columns |
rcond | Condition estimator |
trace | Sum of diagonal elements |
{} and / | Linear equation solution |
cumprod | Cumulative product |
cumsum | Cumulative sum |
diff | Difference function |
fft | One-dimensional fast Fourier transform |
max | Largest element |
mean | Average value of elements |
median | Median value of elements |
min | Smallest element |
prod | Product of elements |
sort | Sort in ascending order |
std | Standard deviation |
sum | Sum of elements |
trapz | Trapezoidal rule for numerical integration |
polyfit | Fit polynomial to data |
polyval | Evaluate polynomial |
roots | Find polynomial roots |
bvp4c | Solve two-point boundary value problems for ODEs |
fmin | Minimize function of one variable |
fmins | Minimize function of several variables |
fzero | Find zero of function of one variable |
ode23, ode23s, | |
ode45 | Solve initial value problems for ODEs |
quad | Numerical integration |
full | Convert sparse matrix to full matrix |
sparse | Construct sparse matrix from nonzeros and subscripts |
spy | Visualize sparse matrix |
char | characters from ASCII codes |
double | ASCII codes of characters |
lower | Convert string to lower case |
sprintf | Write formatted data to string |
str2mat | String-to-matrix conversion |
strcat | String concatenation |
strcmp | Compare strings |
upper | Convert string to upper case |
fclose | Close one or more open files |
feof | Test for end-of-file |
fopen | Open file or obtain information about open files |
fprintf | Write formatted data to file |
fread | Read binary data from file |
fscanf | Read formatted data from file |
fseek | Set file position indicator |
ftell | Get file position indicator |
fwrite | Write binary data to file |
bar | Bar graph |
grid | Grid lines |
hist | Histogram plot |
loglog | Log-log scale plot |
plot | Linear plot |
polar | Polar coordinate plot |
semilogx | Semi-log scale plot |
semilogy | Semi-log scale plot |
text | Text annotation |
title | Graph title |
xlabel | x-axis label |
ylabel | y-axis label |
zoom | Zoom in and out on 2D plot |
clabel | Contour plot elevation label |
comet3 | Animated 3D plot |
contour | Contour plot in 2D |
contour3 | Contour plot in 3D |
mesh | 3D mesh surface |
meshc | 3D mesh surface with contour plot |
meshgrid | X and Y arrays for 3D plots |
plot3 | Line plot in 3D |
quiver | Quiver plot |
surf | Shaded surface |
surfl | Shaded surface with lighting |
view | Rotation of 3D figure |
zlabel | z-axis label |
axes | Create axes object |
axis | Control axis scaling and appearance |
cla | Clear axes |
clf | Clear current figure |
colorbar | Display color bar (color scale) |
colormap | Set color look-up table (list of colormaps) |
drawnow | Complete any pending drawing |
figure | Create figure (graph) windows |
fplot | Plot function |
gca | Get current axes handle |
gcf | Get current figure handle |
gco | Return handle of current graphics object |
get | Get graphics object properties |
ginput | Graphical input from mouse or cursor |
gtext | Mouse placement of text |
set | Set graphics object properties |
subplot | Create axes in tiled positions |
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