APPENDIX II
ABBREVIATIONS USED IN THIS GUIDE
Note: In some instances, an abbreviation of the former name of an organisation is included where a document referred to was issued by, and bears the former name of, that organisation.
| AAS | Atomic absorption spectrometry |
| ACNFP | Advisory Committee on Novel Foods and Processes (UK) |
| AIDC | Automatic identification data capture |
| ALOP | Acceptable level of protection |
| APC | Aerobic plate count |
| ATP | Adenosine triphosphate |
| AVA | Automatic Vending Association [formally the Automated Vending Association of Britain (AVAB)] |
| B2B | Business to business |
| B2C | Business to consumer |
| BCMS | Business continuity management plan |
| BPCA | British Pest Control Association |
| BRC | British Retail Consortium |
| BRDO | Better Regulation Delivery Office |
| BS | British Standard |
| BSI | British Standards Institution |
| CAC/RCP | Codex Alimentarius Commission/Recommended Code of Practice |
| CAC/RS | Codex Alimentarius Commission/Recommended Standard |
| CAPA | Corrective and preventive action |
| CARVER+ SHOCK | Criticality, accessibility, recuperability, vulnerability, effect, recognisability, plus Shock |
| CCP | Critical control point |
| CCTV | Closed‐circuit television |
| CEN | Comité Européene de Normalisation |
| CFA | Chilled Food Association |
| CIP | Cleaning in place |
| COO | Country of origin |
| COSHH | Control of Substances Hazardous to Health |
| CPD | Continuous professional development |
| Cp–PyMS | Curie point pyrolysis coupled to mass spectrometry |
| CQP | Critical quality point |
| CSF | Critical success factor |
| CSP | Corporate social performance |
| CSR | Corporate social responsibility |
| DEFRA | Department of Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (UK) |
| DNA | Deoxyribonucleic acid |
| EAS | Electronic article surveillance |
| EC | European Community |
| EDI | Electronic date interchange |
| EDP | Electronic data processing |
| EFK | Electric fly killer (or insectocutor) |
| EFSA | European Food Safety Authority |
| EHO | Environmental health officer |
| EID | Electronic identification |
| ELISA | Enzyme linked immuno‐sorbent assays |
| EMA | Economically motivated adulteration |
| EN | Denotes a regional standard intended to be used in the European Union |
| ETI | Ethical trading initiative |
| EU | European Union [formerly European Community (EC) and originally Economic Community (EEC)] |
| EUPFN | European Union Protected Food Name Scheme |
| EVA | European Vending Association |
| FAIR | Food Adulteration Incidents Registry |
| FALCPA | Food Allergen Labelling and Consumer Protection Act 2004 |
| FAO/WHO | Food and Agriculture Organisation/World Health Organisation (United Nations) |
| FAPAS | Food Analysis Performance Assessment Scheme |
| FCRA | Food crime risk assessment |
| FDA | Food and Drug Administration (USA) |
| FDO | Food distribution organisation |
| FIC | Food information (to) consumers |
| FIFO | First‐in, first‐out |
| FIMS | Food integrity management system |
| FLCP | Food Law Code of Practice |
| FLT | Fork lift truck |
| FMA | Food Machinery Association (UK) |
| FMEA | Failure mode and effects analysis |
| FMF | Food Manufacturers’ Federation (UK) |
| FRC | Free residual chlorine |
| FSA | Food Standards Agency |
| FSMS | Food safety management system |
| FSO | Food safety objective |
| FT‐MIRS | Fourier transform mid‐infrared spectroscopy |
| GAP | Good agricultural practice |
| GC | Gas chromatography |
| GDP | Good distribution practice |
| GFSI | Global food safety initiative |
| GHP | Good hygienic practice |
| GIS | Geographic information systems |
| GLAA | Gangmaster and Labour Abuse Authority (formerly Gangmaster Licensing Authority) |
| GLP | Good laboratory practice |
| GM | Genetically modified |
| GMO | Genetically modified organism |
| GMP | Good manufacturing practice |
| GPS | Global positioning system |
| GRI | Global reporting initiative |
| HACCP | Hazard analysis critical control point |
| HAZOP | Hazard analysis and operability study |
| HCA | High‐care area |
| HMSO | Her Majesty’s Stationery Office (now The Stationery Office) |
| HPA | Health Protection Agency |
| HPLC | High‐performance liquid chromatography |
| HR | High risk |
| HRA | High‐risk area |
| HR‐MS | High‐resolution mass spectroscopy |
| HSE | Health and Safety Executive |
| ICCT | International cold chain technology |
| ICMSF | International Committee for Microbiological Specifications for Foods |
| IEC | International Electrotechnical Commission |
| IFST | Institute of Food Science & Technology (UK) |
| IOSH | Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (IOSH) |
| IPPC | Integrated pollution prevention and control |
| IRMS | Isotope ratio mass spectrometry |
| ISO | International Organization for Standardization |
| ISO/TS | International Organization for Standardization/Technical Specification |
| JECFA | Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives |
| KPI | Key performance indicator |
| LA | Local authority |
| LACORS | Local Authorities Coordinators of Regulatory Services (UK) [formerly LACOTS (Local Authorities Coordinating Body on Trading Standards)] |
| LOAEL | Lowest observable adverse effect level |
| LR | Low risk |
| LRA | Low‐risk area |
| MAFF | Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (UK) |
| MANCP | Multi‐Annual National Control Plan |
| MAP | Modified atmosphere packaging |
| MIR | Mid infrared |
| MIRS–NIRS | Mid and near infrared spectroscopy |
| MITE | Measuring inspection and testing equipment |
| MRA | Microbiological risk assessment |
| MS | Mass spectroscopy |
| NAMAS | National Measurement Accreditation Service (see UKAS) |
| NFCU | National Food Crime Unit |
| NIR | Near infrared |
| NMR | Nuclear magnetic resonance |
| NMR/MSIR | Nuclear magnetic resonance coupled with mass spectrometry of isotopic ratio |
| NOAEL | No observable adverse effect level |
| NPTA | National Pest Technicians Association |
| OCR | Optical character recognition |
| OECD | Organisation for European Co‐operation and Development |
| PAS | Publicly available specification |
| PCR | Polymerase chain reaction |
| PCR‐LP | PCR‐length polymorphism |
| PDCA | Plan, do, check, act |
| PDO | Protected designation of origin |
| PGI | Protected geographic indication |
| PHE | Public Health England |
| PPE | Personal protective equipment |
| PR | Pathogenesis‐related |
| PRP | Prerequisite programme |
| QFF | Quick frozen foodstuffs |
| RASFF | Risk Assessment Food and Feed (EU food and feed alert forum) |
| RCP | Recommended Code of Practice |
| RFID | Radio frequency identification |
| RIDDOR | Reporting of Injuries, Disease and Dangerous Occurrences Regulations 2013 |
| RS | Remote sensing |
| RTC | Ready to cook |
| RTE | Ready to eat |
| RTP | Returnable transit packaging |
| RTRH | Ready to reheat |
| Q | Qualitative |
| QMS | Quality management system |
| QR | Quick response (code) |
| QRA | Quantitative risk assessment |
| QUID | Quantitative ingredient declaration |
| SA | Social accountability |
| SEDEX | Supplier Ethical Data Exchange |
| SFBB | Safer Food Better Business |
| SI | Statutory Instrument (UK) |
| SMART | Specific, measureable, achievable, realistic, time‐based |
| SMETA | Sedex Members Ethical Trade Audit |
| SMS | Security management system |
| SNIF‐NMR | Site‐specific natural isotope fractionation by nuclear magnetic resonance |
| SNP | Single nucleotide polymorphism |
| SPC | Statistical process control |
| SPS | Sanitary and phytosanitary |
| SQ | Semi‐quantitative |
| STR | Short tandem repeats |
| TACCP | Threat analysis critical control point |
| TRU | Traceable resource unit |
| TSG | Traditional speciality guaranteed |
| TSO | Trading standards officer |
| UK | United Kingdom |
| UKAS | UK Accreditation Service (formerly NAMAS, q.v.) |
| USA | United States of America |
| USDA | United States Department of Agriculture |
| UV | Ultraviolet |
| VACCP | Vulnerability assessment critical control point |
| VAS | Vulnerability assessment software |
| VITAL | Voluntary incidental trace allergen labelling |
| VR | Verification risk |
| WHO | World Health Organization |
| WTO | World Trade Organization |
| XML | Extensible markup language |
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