Primary Sources

Aaron to Brzezinski (27/12/1979) Memorandum from Aaron to Brzezinski “JCS Briefing on the RDF”. Jimmy Carter Library, Zbigniew Brzezinski Collection, Meetings, Box 32, “Meetings SCC 254” folder.

Brown, Harold (1983a) Thinking About National Security: Defense and Foreign Policy in a Dangerous World. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.

Brown, Harold (1983b) “Address by the Secretary of Defense before the Council of Foreign Relations [March 6, 1980]” in American Foreign Policy Basic Documents, 1977–1981. Washington, DC: Office of the Historian of the Department of State, 593–598.

Brzezinski, Zbigniew (1983) Power and Principle: Memoirs of the National Security Adviser, 1977–1981. New York: Farrar, Straus, & Giroux.

Brzezinski to Aaron and Denend (14/02/1980) Memo from Brzezinski to Aaron and Denend “V-B-B Decisions”. Jimmy Carter Library. Zbigniew Brzezinski Collection, Box 34, “Meetings VBB 1–2/80” folder.

Brzezinski to Brown (12/10/1980) Memorandum from Brzezinski to Secretary Brown. Jimmy Carter Library, National Security Affairs – Staff Material/Horn, Box 4, “9–10/79” folder.

Brzezinski to Brown (02/05/1979) Memorandum from Brzezinski to Secretary Brown. Jimmy Carter Library, Zbigniew Brzezinski Collection, Alpha Channel, Box 20, “Alpha Channel 5/79-8/79” folder.

Brzezinski to Brown (01/05/1979) Memorandum from Brzezinski to Secretary Brown. Jimmy Carter Library, Zbigniew Brzezinski Collection, Alpha Channel, Box 20, “Alpha Channel 5/79-8/79” folder.

Brzezinski to Carter (2013) Memorandum from Brzezinski to President Carter [undated]. Foreign Relations of the United States, 1977–1980, Volume VIII Arab-Israeli Dispute, January 1977– August 1978. Washington: United States Government Printing Office, 794–796.

Brzezinski to Carter (16/05/1980) NSC Weekly Report no. 141. Jimmy Carter Library. Zbigniew Brzezinski Collection, Weekly Reports, Box 42.

Brzezinski to Carter (29/12/1979) Memo from Brzezinski to President Carter “Our Response to Soviet Intervention in Afghanistan”. The Carter-Brezhnev Project at the National Security Archive, George Washington University. Available at http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/carterbrezhnev/docs_intervention_in_afghanistan_and_the_fall_of_detente/doc74.pdf (Accessed 11 February, 2013).

Brzezinski to Carter (26/12/1979) Memo from Brzezinski to President Carter “Reflections on Soviet Intervention in Afghanistan”. The Carter-Brezhnev Project at the National Security Archive, George Washington University. Available at http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/carterbrezhnev/docs_intervention_in_afghanistan_and_the_fall_of_detente/doc73.pdf (Accessed 11 February, 2013).

Brzezinski to Carter (13/09/1979) NSC Weekly Report no. 109. Jimmy Carter Library, Zbigniew Brzezinski Collection, Weekly Reports, Box 42.

Brzezinski to Carter (03/09/1979) NSC Weekly Report no. 105. Jimmy Carter Library, Zbigniew Brzezinski Collection, Weekly Reports, Box 42.

Brzezinski to Carter (22/06/1979) NSC Weekly Report no. 101. Jimmy Carter Library. Zbigniew Brzezinski Collection, Weekly Reports, Box 42, Box 42, “Weekly Reports 91–101” folder.

Brzezinski to Carter (30/03/1979) NSC Weekly Report no. 92. Jimmy Carter Library, Zbigniew Brzezinski Collection, Weekly Reports, Box 42, “Weekly Reports 91–101” folder.

Brzezinski to Carter (05/03/1979) Brzezinski Daily Report for President Carter. National Security Archive, George Washington University. Available at http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB402/docs/1979.03.05%20Brzezinski%20Daily%20Report%20for%20Carter.PDF (Accessed 11 February, 2013).

Brzezinski to Carter (03/03/1979) Memorandum [top secret/sensitive] from Brzezinski to President Carter, Consultative Security Framework for the Middle East. Jimmy Carter Library, National Security Affairs: Staff Material/Horn, Box 3, “4/79” folder.

Brzezinski to Carter (28/12/1978) NSC Weekly Report no. 83. Jimmy Carter Library, Zbigniew Brzezinski Collection, Weekly Reports, Box 41, “Weekly Reports 82–90” folder.

Brzezinski to Carter (02/12/1978) NSC Weekly Report no. 81. Jimmy Carter Library, Zbigniew Brzezinski Collection, Weekly Reports, Box 41, “Weekly Reports 71–81” folder.

Brzezinski to Carter (24/11/1978) Memorandum from Brzezinski to President Carter, Worst Case Scenarios in the Middle East. Central Intelligence Agency Collection on President Carter and the Role of Intelligence in the Camp David Accords. Available at http://www.foia.cia.gov/sites/default/files/document_conversions/1821105/1978-11-24.pdf (Accessed 29 December, 2013).

Brzezinski to Carter (18/11/1977) NSC Weekly Report no. 37. Jimmy Carter Library, Zbigniew Brzezinski Collection, Weekly Reports, Box 41, “Weekly Reports 31–41” folder.

Brzezinski to Carter (26/08/1977) Memorandum from Brzezinski to President Carter, PRC Review of Situation in Horn of Africa. The Carter-Brezhnev Project at the National Security Archive, George Washington University. Available at http://www2.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/carterbrezhnev/docs_global_competition/Tab%202/19770826%20-%20PRC%20Review%20of%20the%20Situation%20in%20Horn%20of%20Africa.pdf (Accessed 20 January, 2013).

Brzezinski to Carter (11/03/1977) Memorandum from Brzezinski to President Carter. Available at http://www.memo.ru/history/diss/carter/files/zb_daily_3-11–77.pdf (Accessed 30 August, 2012).

Brzezinski to Mondale, Vance, and Brown (02/02/1980) Memorandum from Brzezinski to the Vice President, the Secretary of State and the Secretary of Defense “Results of the NSC Meeting”. The Carter-Brezhnev Project at the National Security Archive, George Washington University. Available at http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/carterbrezhnev/docs_intervention_in_afghanistan_and_the_fall_of_detente/doc76.pdf (Accessed 11 February, 2013).

Brzezinski to Vance (02/02/1980) Memorandum from Brzezinski to Secretary Vance “Presidential Decisions on Pakistan, Afghanistan, and India”. The National Security Archive, George Washington University. Available at http://www2.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB396/docs/1980-01-02%20Presidential%20Decisions%20on%20Pakistan%20-%20Afghanistan.pdf (Accessed 13 February, 2013).

Carter, Jimmy (1983a) “Address to the Nation by the President [January 4, 1980]” in American Foreign Policy Basic Documents, 1977–1981. Washington, DC: Office of the Historian of the Department of State, 812–814.

Carter, Jimmy (1983b) “Address by the President Before a Joint Session of Congress [January 23, 1980]” in American Foreign Policy Basic Documents, 1977–1981. Washington, DC: Office of the Historian of the Department of State, 53–57.

Carter, Jimmy (1983c) “Replies by the President to Questions asked at an Interview with correspondent Frank Reynolds of ABC [December 31, 1979]” in American Foreign Policy Basic Documents, 1977–1981. Washington, DC: Office of the Historian of the Department of State, 811–812.

Carter, Jimmy (1983d) “Address by the President at Wake Forest University [March 17, 1978]” in American Foreign Policy Basic Documents, 1977–1981. Washington, DC: Office of the Historian of the Department of State, 20–24.

Carter, Jimmy (1982) Keeping Faith: Memoirs of a President. New York: Bantam Books.

Carter, Jimmy (1978a) The President’s News Conference [02 March, 1978]. Available at The American Presidency Project http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/index.php?pid=30437 (Accessed 15 September, 2013).

Carter, Jimmy (1978b) The President’s News Conference [25 May, 1978]. Available at The American Presidency Project http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/index.php?pid=30852 (Accessed 15 September, 2013).

Carter, Jimmy (1978c) The President’s News Conference [14 June, 1978]. Available at The American Presidency Project http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/index.php?pid=30946 (Accessed 15 September, 2013).

Carter, Jimmy (1977a) Address at Commencement Exercises at the University of Notre Dame [22 May, 1977]. Available at The American Presidency Project http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/?pid=7552#axzz2hjHmshFT (Accessed 10 March, 2013).

Carter, Jimmy (1977b) United Nations Address Before the General Assembly [04 October, 1977]. Available at The American Presidency Project http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/?pid=6744 (Accessed 10 March, 2013).

Carter, Jimmy (1977c) The President’s News Conference [24 March, 1977]. Available at The American Presidency Project http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/index.php?pid=7229 (Accessed 12 March, 2013).

Carter, Jimmy (1976) The Second Carter-Ford Presidential Debate [06 October, 1976]. Available at http://www.debates.org/index.php?page=october-6-1976-debate-transcript (Accessed 07 September, 2012).

Carter to Brezhnev (21/12/1977) Letter. The Carter-Brezhnev Project at the National Security Archive, George Washington University. Available at http://www2.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/carterbrezhnev/docs_global_competition/Tab%202/19771221%20-%20Letter%20from%20Carter%20to%20Brezhnev.pdf (Accessed 20 January, 2013).

Christopher, Warren (1983a) “Replies by the Deputy Secretary of State to Questions asked at an Interview on CBS’s ‘Face the Nation’ [January 6, 1980]” in American Foreign Policy Basic Documents, 1977–1981. Washington, DC: Office of the Historian of the Department of State, 817–819.

Christopher, Warren (1983b) “The Concern for Human Rights Will Be Woven Into the Fabric of Our Foreign Policy” [Statement by the Deputy Secretary of State before the Senate Subcommittee on Foreign Assistance, March 7, 1977] in American Foreign Policy: Basic Documents, 1977–1980. Washington, DC: Office of the Historian of the Department of State, 407–409.

Christopher to Carter (05/11/1979) Memorandum from Christopher to President Carter. The National Security Archive, George Washington University. Available at http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB402/docs/1979.11.05%20Christopher%20Memorandum%20for%20Carter.PDF (Accessed 11 February, 2013).

Christopher to Carter (01/11/1979) Memorandum from Christopher to President Carter. The National Security Archive, George Washington University. Available at http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB402/docs/1979.11.01%20Christopher%20Memorandum%20for%20Carter.PDF (Accessed 11 February, 2013).

Christopher to Carter (01/08/1979) Memorandum from Christopher to President Carter. The National Security Archive, George Washington University. Available at http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB402/docs/1979.08.01%20Christopher%20Memorandum%20for%20Carter.PDF (Accessed 11 February, 2013).

CIA (1978) National Intelligence Daily [29 November, 1978]. Available at the CIA Electronic Reading Room http://www.foia.cia.gov/sites/default/files/document_conversions/1821105/1978-11-29.pdf (Accessed 27 December, 2013).

CNA-78 (30/03/1979) Comprehensive Net Assessment 1978: Overview, attachment to NSC Weekly Report no. 92. Jimmy Carter Library, Zbigniew Brzezinski Collection Box 42, “Weekly Reports 91–101” folder.

Committee on International Relations (1978) War in the Horn of Africa: A Firsthand Report on the Challenges for United States Policy: Report of a Fact-finding Mission to Egypt, Sudan, Ethiopia, Somalia, and Kenya. Washington DC: US Government Printing Office. Available at http://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/002943162 (Accessed 02 December, 2013).

Department of Defense (2012) Department of Defense: Sustaining Global Leadership: Priorities for 21st Century Defense. Washington, DC: United States Department of Defense.

Department of State (1978a) “Interview: National Security Adviser Brzezinski on ‘Meet the Press’” Department of State Bulletin. 78 (2016), 26–28.

Department of State (1978b) Analysis of Arab-Israeli Developments [Department of State Briefing Memo N. 575 – 30 September, 1978]. Available at the CIA Electronic Reading Room http://www.foia.cia.gov/sites/default/files/document_conversions/1821105/1978-09-30a.pdf (Accessed 27 December, 2013).

Ermarth and Welch to Brzezinski (16/01/1980) Memorandum from Ermarth and Welch to Brzezinski “Basing Access and Exercise Issues at Thursdays SCC”. Jimmy Carter Library. Zbigniew Brzezinski Collection, Meetings Box 32, “Meetings SCC 254” folder.

Executive Order 12036 – United States Foreign Intelligence Activities [24 January, 1978]. Available at The American Presidency Project http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/index.php?pid=31100 (Accessed 04 March, 2013).

Henze to Brzezinski (24/08/1979) Memorandum from Henze to Brzezinski. Jimmy Carter Library, National Security Affairs – Staff Material/Horn, Box 4, “8/79”.

Miller Center (1982a) Interview with Bertram Carp and David Rubinstein with Alice Rogoff. Available at the Miller Center of Public Affairs http://millercenter.org/president/carter/oralhistory/bertram-carp (Accessed 13 March, 2013).

Miller Center (1982b) Interview with Richard Moe and Michael Berman. Available at the Miller Center of Public Affairs http://web1.millercenter.org/poh/transcripts/ohp_1982_0115_moe.pdf (Accessed 13 March, 2013).

Muskie, Edmund (1983) “Address by the secretary of State before the General Pulaski Association [October 14, 1980]” in American Foreign Policy Basic Documents, 1977–1981. Washington, DC: Office of the Historian of the Department of State, 606–609.

NSC (02/01/1977) Minutes of the National Security Council Meeting. The Carter-Brezhnev Project at the National Security Archive, George Washington University. Available at http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB402/docs/1980.01.02%20Minutes%20of%20National%20Security%20Council%20Meeting.PDF (Accessed 11 February 2013)

Odom, William (2006) “The Cold War Origins of the US Central Command” Journal of Cold War Studies. 8 (2), 52–82.

Odom, William (2004) “The Origins and Design of Presidential Decision-59: A Memoir” in Sokolski, H. (Ed.) Getting MAD: Mutual Assured Destruction, Its Origins and Practice. Zurich: Strategic Studies Institute, 175–196.

Odom to Brzezinski (07/01/1980) Memorandum from Odom to Brzezinski “Progress on the RDF”. Jimmy Carter Library. Zbigniew Brzezinski Collection, Meetings, Box 32, “Meetings SCC 254” folder.

PD-1 (20/01/1977) Presidential Directive 1, Establishment of Presidential Review and Directive Series/NSC. Jimmy Carter Library website. Available at http://www.jimmycarterlibrary.gov/documents/pddirectives/pres_directive.phtml.

PD-2 (20/01/1977) Presidential Directive 2, The National Security Council System. Jimmy Carter Library website. Available at http://www.jimmycarterlibrary.gov/documents/pddirectives/pres_directive.phtml.

PD-13 (13/05/1977) Presidential Directive 13, Conventional Arms Transfer Policy. Jimmy Carter Library website. Available at http://www.jimmycarterlibrary.gov/documents/pddirectives/pres_directive.phtml.

PD-18 (24/08/1977) Presidential Directive 18, US National Strategy. Jimmy Carter Library website. Available at http://www.jimmycarterlibrary.gov/documents/pddirectives/pres_directive.phtml.

PD-32 (24/02/1978) Presidential Directive 32, Horn of Africa. Jimmy Carter Library website. Available at http://www.jimmycarterlibrary.gov/documents/pddirectives/pres_directive.phtml.

PD-59 (25/07/1980) Presidential Directive 59, Nuclear Weapons Employment Policy. Jimmy Carter Library website. Available at http://www.jimmycarterlibrary.gov/documents/pddirectives/pres_directive.phtml.

PD-62 (15/01/1980) Presidential Directive 62, Modifications in US National Strategy. Jimmy Carter Library website. Available at http://www.jimmycarterlibrary.gov/documents/pddirectives/pres_directive.phtml.

PD-63 (15/01/1980) Presidential Directive 63, Persian Gulf Security Framework. Jimmy Carter Library website. Available at http://www.jimmycarterlibrary.gov/documents/pddirectives/pres_directive.phtml.

PRC (08/07/1977) Policy Review Committee Meeting: Summary of Conclusions. Jimmy Carter Library, Zbigniew Brzezinski collection: Subject File, Box 24, “Meetings PRC 7/8/77” folder.

PRC (11/04/1977) Policy Review Committee Meeting: Minutes. The Carter-Brezhnev Project at the National Security Archive, George Washington University. Available at http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/carterbrezhnev/docs_global_competition/Tab%202/19770411%20-%20Summary%20of%20Conclusions%20of%20Policy%20Review%20Committee%20Meeting,%20Ethiopia%20and%20Horn%20of%20Africa.pdf (Accessed 20 January, 2013).

PRM-10 (18/02/1977) Presidential Review Memorandum 10, Comprehensive Net Assessment and Military Force Posture Review. Jimmy Carter Library website. Available at http://www.jimmycarterlibrary.gov/documents/prmemorandums/pres_memorandums.phtml.

PRM-10 Annex (undated) PRM-10, Final Report “Military Strategy and Force Posture Review”. Jimmy Carter Library website. Available at http://www.jimmycarterlibrary.gov/documents/prmemorandums/pres_memorandums.phtml.

PRM-21 (17/03/1977) Presidential Review Memorandum 21, The Horn of Africa. Jimmy Carter Library website. Available at http://www.jimmycarterlibrary.gov/documents/prmemorandums/pres_memorandums.phtml.

PRM-28 (20/05/1977) Presidential Review Memorandum 28, Human Rights. Jimmy Carter Library website. Available at http://www.jimmycarterlibrary.gov/documents/prmemorandums/pres_memorandums.phtml.

PRM-42 (24/08/1978) Presidential Review Memorandum 42, Framework of US Strategy for Non-Military Competition with the Soviet Union. Jimmy Carter Library website. Available at http://www.jimmycarterlibrary.gov/documents/prmemorandums/pres_memorandums.phtml.

PRM-43 (24/08/1978) Presidential Review Memorandum 43, United States Global Military Presence. Jimmy Carter Library website. Available at http://www.jimmycarterlibrary.gov/documents/prmemorandums/pres_memorandums.phtml.

Quandt, William (2005) Peace Process: American Diplomacy and the Arab-Israeli Conflict Since 1967. Washington, DC: The Brookings Institution.

Quandt, William (1986a) Camp David: Peace Making and Politics. Washington, DC: The Brookings Institution.

Quandt, William (1986b) “Camp David and Peacemaking in the Middle East” Political Science Quarterly. 101 (3), 357–377.

Saunders to Vance (05/09/1979) Memorandum from Saunders to Secretary Vance. The Carter-Brezhnev Project at the National Security Archive, George Washington University. Available at http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/carterbrezhnev/docs_intervention_in_afghanistan_and_the_fall_of_detente/doc37.pdf (Accessed 20 January, 2013).

SCC (24/11/1980) Special Coordinating Committee Meeting: Summary of Conclusions. Jimmy Carter Library, Zbigniew Brzezinski Collection, Subject File, Box 23, “Meetings – Misc. 3/78-11/80”.

SCC (14/01/1980) Special Coordinating Committee Meeting: Summary of Conclusions. The Carter-Brezhnev Project at the National Security Archive, George Washington University. Available at http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/carterbrezhnev/docs_intervention_in_afghanistan_and_the_fall_of_detente/doc78.pdf (Accessed 11 February, 2013).

SCC (16/12/1979) Special Coordinating Committee Meeting: Summary of Conclusions. The National Security Archive, George Washington University. Available at http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB396/docs/1979-12-26%20Summary%20of%20Conclusions%20-%20SCC%20Meeting%20on%20Soviet%20Moves.pdf (Accessed 20 January, 2013).

SCC (17/12/1979) Special Coordinating Committee Meeting: Summary of Conclusions. The Carter-Brezhnev Project at the National Security Archive, George Washington University. Available at http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/carterbrezhnev/docs_intervention_in_afghanistan_and_the_fall_of_detente/doc60.pdf (Accessed 11 February, 2013).

SCC (02/03/1978) Special Coordinating Committee Meeting: Minutes. The Carter-Brezhnev Project at the National Security Archive, George Washington University. Available at http://www2.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/carterbrezhnev/docs_global_competition/Tab%202/19780302%20-%20SCC%20Meeting%20on%20the%20Horn%20of%20Africa.pdf (Accessed 20 January, 2013).

SCC (22/02/1978) Special Coordinating Committee Meeting: Minutes. The Carter-Brezhnev Project at the National Security Archive, George Washington University. Available at http://www2.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/carterbrezhnev/docs_global_competition/Tab%202/19780222%20-%20The%20Horn%20of%20Africa.pdf (Accessed 20 January, 2013).

SCC (17/01/1978) Special Coordinating Committee Meeting: Summary of Conclusions. The Carter-Brezhnev Project at the National Security Archive, George Washington University. Available at http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/carterbrezhnev/docs_global_competition/Tab%202/19780127%20-%20Summary%20of%20Conclusions,%20SCC%20Meeting%20on%20Horn%20of%20Africa.pdf (Accessed 20 January, 2013).

Shulman to Vance (15/02/1980) Letter from Shulman to Secretary Vance: “Personal Think-Piece”. The Carter-Brezhnev Project at the National Security Archive, George Washington University. Available at http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/carterbrezhnev/docs_intervention_in_afghanistan_and_the_fall_of_detente/doc80.pdf (Accessed 11 February, 2013).

Sick, Gary (1985) All Fall Down: America’s Tragic Encounter with Iran. London: I B Tauris & Co Ltd.

Sick to Brzezinski (01/08/1979) Memorandum from Sick to Brzezinski. Jimmy Carter Library, National Security Affairs – Staff Material/Horn, Box 4, “8/79”.

Tarnoff to Brzezinski (01/05/1979) Memorandum from Tarnoff to Brzezinski. Jimmy Carter Library, Zbigniew Brzezinski Collection, Alpha Channel, Box 20, “Alpha Channel 5/79-8/79” folder.

The White House (2010) National Security Strategy. Washington, DC: The White House. Available at http://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/rss_viewer/national_security_strategy.pdf (Accessed 07 July, 2013).

Thomson and Utgoff to Brzezinski (06/07/1977) Memorandum (top secret XGDS), Jimmy Carter Library, Zbigniew Brzezinski collection: Subject File, Box 24, “Meetings PRC 7/8/77” folder.

Vance, Cyrus (1983) Hard Choices: Critical Years in Americas Foreign Policy. New York: Simon and Schuster.

Vance, Cyrus (1980) “Unmasking Myths” The Bulletin of Atomic Scientists. 36 (7), 5–6.

Vance to Carter (24/19/1979) Memorandum from Secretary Vance to President Carter. The National Security Archive, George Washington University. Available at http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB402/docs/1979.10.24%20%20Vance%20memorandum%20for%20Carter.PDF (Accessed 11 February, 2013).

Vance, Cyrus (1978) Cyrus Vance Briefing Book for President Carter about the Camp David Summit with Begin and Sadat. Available at http://presidentiallibraries.c-span.org/Content/Carter/CarterBriefingBook.pdf (Accessed 30 August, 2013).

Vance, Cyrus (1977) “Human Rights and Foreign Policy” [Address by the Secretary of State at Law Day ceremonies at the University of Georgia, May 23, 1977] Department of State Bulletin. 76 (1978), 505–508.

Vance to Carter (2013) Memorandum from Secretary Vance to President Carter [24 November, 1977]. Foreign Relations of the United States, 1977–1980, Volume VIII Arab-Israeli Dispute, January 1977– August 1978. Washington: United States Government Printing Office, 780–783.

Vance to Carter (01/10/1977) Telegram from Secretary Vance to President Carter. The Carter-Brezhnev Project at the National Security Archive, George Washington University. Available at http://www2.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/carterbrezhnev/docs_global_competition/TAB%203/doc06%20-%2019771001%20-%20Middle%20East%20Discussion%20with%20the%20Soviets.pdf (Accessed 20 January, 2013).

Secondary Sources

Agnew, John (2003) Geopolitics: Re-visioning World Politics. New York: Routledge.

Agnew, John (1994) “The Territorial Trap: The Geographical Assumptions of International Relations Theory” Review of International Political Economy. 1 (1), 53–80.

Akçali, Emel (2010) “Reading the Cyprus Conflict through Mental Maps: An Interdisciplinary Approach to Ethno-Nationalism” in Guelke, A. (Ed.) The Challenges of Ethno-Nationalism: Case Studies in Identity Politics. London: Palgrave Macmillan, 41–59.

Allison, Graham (1980) “An Executive Cabinet” Society. 17 (5), 41–47.

Allison, Graham; Zelikow, Philip (1999) Essence of Decision: Explaining the Cuban Missile Crisis. New York: Longman.

Alvandi, Roham (2012) “Nixon, Kissinger, and the Shah: The Origins of Iranian Primacy in the Persian Gulf” Diplomatic History. 36 (2), 337–372.

Ambrosio, Thomas (2002) Ethnic Identity Groups and United States Foreign Policy. Westport, CT: Praeger Publishers.

Aronoff, Yael (2006) “In Like a Lamb, Our Like a Lion: The Political Conversion of Jimmy Carter” Political Science Quarterly. 131 (3), 425–449.

Atkinson, David; Dodds, Klaus (2000) “Introduction to Geopolitical Traditions: A Century of Geopolitical Thought” in Dodds, K; Atkinson, D. (Eds.) Geopolitical Traditions: A Century of Geopolitical Thought. New York: Routledge, 1–24

Atkinson, Paul; Coffey, Amanda (2004) “Analysing Documentary Realities” in Silverman, D. (Ed.) Qualitative Research: Theory, Method and Practice. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, 56–75.

Auten, Brian (2008) Carter’s Conversion: The Hardening of American Defense Policy. Columbia, MO: University of Missouri Press.

Axelrod, Robert (1976a) “The Cognitive Mapping Approach to Decision Making” in Axelrod, R. (Ed.) Structure of Decision: The Cognitive Maps of Political Elites. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 3–17.

Axelrod, Robert (1976b) “Results” in Axelrod, R. (Ed.) Structure of Decision: The Cognitive Maps of Political Elites. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 221–248.

Ayres, Q. Whitfield (1984) “The Carter White House Staff” in Abernathy, M; Hill, D; Williams, P. (Eds.) The Carter Years: The President and Policy Making. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 144–164.

Bacevich, Andrew (2010) “The Carter Doctrine at 30” World Affairs. Available at http://www.worldaffairsjournal.org/blog/andrew-j-bacevich/carter-doctrine-30 (Accessed 12 January, 2013).

Bacevich, Andrew (2008) The Limits of Power: The End of American Exceptionalism. New York: Metropolitan Books.

Baldwin, Mark; Carrell, Suzanne; Lopez, David (1990) “Priming Relationship Schemas: My Advisor and the Pope Are Watching Me from the Back of My Mind” Journal of Experimental Psychology. 26 (5), 435–454.

Ball, George (1968) The Discipline of Power: Essentials of a Modern World Structure. Boston: Little, Brown and Company.

Balogun, Julia; Hailey, Veronica (2004) Exploring Strategic Change. Essex, England: Pearson Education Limited.

Barnett, Michael (1993) “Institutions, Roles, and Disorder: The Case of the Arab States System” International Studies Quarterly. 37 (3), 271–296.

Barr, Pamela; Stimpert, John; Huff, Anne (1992) “Cognitive Change, Strategic Action, and Organizational Renewal” Strategic Management Journal. 13 (S1), 15–36.

Barrett, Frank; Thomas, Gail; Hocevar, Susan (1995) “The Central Role of Discourse in Large-Scale Change: A Social Construction Perspective” Journal of Applied Behavioral Science. 31 (3), 352–372.

Barrett, Roby (2007) The Greater Middle East and the Cold War: US Foreign Policy under Eisenhower and Kennedy. New York: I B Tauris & Co Ltd.

Bar-Tal, Daniel (2007) “Sociopsychological Foundations of Intractable Conflicts” American Behavioral Scientist. 50 (11), 1430–1453.

Bar-Tal, Daniel (1998) “Group Beliefs as an Expression of Social Identity” in Worchel, S.; Morales, J.; Paez, D.; Deschamps, J. (Eds.) Social Identity: International Perspectives. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications Ltd., 93–113.

Battersby, Sarah; Montello, Daniel (2009) “Area Estimation of World Regions and the Projection of the Global-Scale Cognitive Map” Annals of the Association of American Geographers. 99 (2), 273–291.

Baumgartner, Frank; Berry, Jeffrey; Hojnacki, Marie; Kimball, David; Leech, Beth (2009) Lobbying and Policy Change: Who Wins, Who Loses, and Why. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.

Baumgartner, Frank; Jones, Bryan (1993) “The Destruction of Issue Monopolies in Congress” The American Political Science Review. 87 (3), 657–671.

Baumgartner, Frank; Jones, Bryan (1991) “Agenda Dynamics and Policy Subsystems” The Journal of Politics. 53 (4), 1044–1074.

Beach, Derek; Pedersen, Rasmus (2013) Process-Tracing Methods: Foundations and Guidelines. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press.

Beasley, Ryan (1998) “Collective Interpretations: How Problem Representations Aggregate in Foreign Policy Groups” in Sylvan, D; Voss, J. (Eds.) Problem Representation in Foreign Policy Decision Making. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 80–115.

Becker, Markus (2004) “Organizational Routines: A Review of the Literature” Industrial and Corporate Change. 13 (4), 643–677.

Beinart, Peter (2010) The Icarus Syndrome: A History of American Hubris. New York: HarperCollins Publishers.

Bellant, Russ (1991) Old Nazis, the New Right, and the Republican Party: Domestic Fascist Networks and Their Effects on US Cold War Politics. Cambridge, MA: South End Press.

Bennett, Andrew (2008) “Process Tracing: A Bayesian Perspective” in Box-Steffensmeier, J; Brady, H; Collier, D. (Eds.) The Oxford Handbook of Political Methodology. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 702–721.

Berggren, D. Jason; Rae, Nicol (2006) “Jimmy Carter and George W. Bush: Faith, Foreign Policy, and an Evangelical Presidential Style” Presidential Studies Quarterly. 36 (4), 606–632.

Bernstein, Barton (2002) “Containment” in DeConde, A; Burns, R; Logevall, F. (Eds.) Encyclopedia of American Foreign Policy. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 345–364.

Best, Geoffrey (2008) “The Maps on Churchill’s Mind” in Casey, S; Wright, J. (Eds.) Mental Maps in the Era of Two World Wars. New York: Palgrave-Macmillan, 203–215.

Best Jr., Richard (2010) The National Security Council: An Organizational Assessment. Washington, DC: Congressional Research Service.

Bialasiewicz, Luiza; Campbell, David; Elden, Stuart; Graham, Stephen; Williams, Allison (2007) “Performing Security: The Imaginative Geographies of Current US Strategy” Political Geography. 26, 405–422.

Bilgin, Pinar (2004) “Whose ‘Middle East’? Geopolitical Inventions and Practices of Security” International Relations. 18 (1), 25–41.

Bill, James (1988) The Eagle and the Lion: The Tragedy of American-Iranian Relations. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.

Bill, James (1978) “Iran and the Crisis of ‘78” Foreign Affairs. 27 (2), 323–342.

Billings, Robert; Hermann, Charles (1998) “Problem Identification in Sequential Policy Decision Making: The Re-representation of Problems” in Sylvan, D; Voss, J. (Eds.) Problem Representation in Foreign Policy Decision Making. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 53–79.

Bliddal, Henrik (2011) Reforming Military Command Arrangements: The Case of the Rapid Deployment Joint Task Force. Carlisle, PA: US Army War College.

Bloodgood, Elizabeth (2003) “What do Decision-makers Know? The Sources and Evaluation of Information in Foreign Policy-making” Paper delivered at the Annual Meeting of the American Political Science Association, Philadelphia, PA [August 28 – August 31, 2003]. Available at http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p64568_index.html (Accessed 28 November, 2009).

Bolton, M. Kent (2008) US National Security and Foreign Policymaking After 9/11: Present at The Recreation. Lanham, MA: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers.

Boonstra, Jaap; de Caluwé, Léon (2007) “Looking for Meaning in Interactions” in Boonstra, J; de Caluwé, L. (Eds.) Intervening and Changing: Looking for Meaning in Interactions. West Sussex, England: John Wiley & Sons Ltd., 1–28.

Boulding, Kenneth (1992) “Punctuationism in Societal Evolution” in Somit, A; Peterson, S. (Eds.) The Dynamics of Evolution: The Punctuated Equilibrium Debate in the Natural and Social Sciences. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 171–186.

Braithwaite, Rodric (2011) Afgantsy: the Russians in Afghanistan, 1979–89. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Brands, Henry (2006) “Presidential Doctrines: An Introduction” Presidential Studies Quarterly. 36 (1), 1–4.

Brauner, Elisabeth; Scholl, Wolfgang (2000) “Editorial: The Information Processing Approach as a Perspective for Groups Research” Group Processes & Intergroup Relations. 3 (2), 115–122.

Bremer, Stuart (1992) “Dangerous Dyads: Conditions Affecting the Likelihood of Interstate War, 1816–1965” Journal of Conflict Resolution. 36 (2), 309–341.

Brenner, Neil (1999) “Beyond State-centrism? Space, Territoriality, and Geographical Scale in Globalization Studies” Theory and Society. 28 (1), 39–78.

Brockner, Joel; James, Erika (2008) “Toward and Understanding of When Executives See Crisis as Opportunity” Journal of Applied Behavioral Science. 44 (1), 94–115.

Brodin, Katarina (1972) “Belief Systems, Doctrines, and Foreign Policy: A presentation of two alternative models for the analysis of foreign policy decision-making” Cooperation and Conflict. 7, 97–112.

Brown, Seyom (1994) The Faces of Power: The United States Foreign Policy from Truman to Clinton. New York: Columbia University Press.

Brown, Shona; Eisenhardt, Kathleen (1997) “The Art of Continuous Change: Linking Complexity Theory and Time-Paced Evolution in Relentlessly Shifting Organizations” Administrative Science Quarterly. 42 (1), 1–34.

Brownstein, Lewis (1977) “Decision Making in Israeli Foreign Policy: An Unplanned Process” Political Science Quarterly. 92 (2), 259–279.

Buchanan, David; Dawson, Patrick (2007) “Discourse and Audience: Organizational Change as Multi-Story Process” Journal of Management Studies. 44 (5), 669–686.

Burke, John (2005) “The Neutral/Honest Broker Role in Foreign-Policy Decision Making: A Reassessment” Presidential Studies Quarterly. 35 (2), 229–258.

Burke, John (2001) “Lessons from Past Presidential Transitions: Organization, Management, and Decision Making” Presidential Studies Quarterly. 31 (1), 5–24.

Burke, John (2000) Presidential Transitions: From Politics to Practice. Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner Publishers.

Burnes, Bernard (2005) “Complexity Theories and Organizational Change” International Journal of Management Reviews. 7 (2), 73–90.

Burnes, Bernard (2004a) Managing Change: A Strategic Approach to Organisational Dynamics. Harlow, England: Prentice Hall.

Burnes, Bernard (2004b) “Emergent Change and Planned Change: Competitors or Allies? The Case of XYZ Construction” International Journal of Operations & Production Management. 24 (9/10), 886–902.

Burnes, Bernard (2004c) “Kurt Lewin and the Planned Approach to Change: A Re-appraisal” Journal of Management Studies. 41 (6), 977–1002.

Butcher, David; Sally Atkinson (2001) “Stealth, Secrecy and Subversion: The Language of Change” Journal of Organizational Change Management. 14 (6), 554–569.

Butler, Judith (1988) “Performative Acts and Gender Constitution: An Essay in Phenomenology and Feminist Theory” Theatre Journal. 40 (4), 519–531.

By, Rune (2005) “Organisational Change Management” Journal of Change Management. 5 (4), 369–380.

Campbell, John (1981) “The Middle East: A House of Containment Built on Shifting Sands” Foreign Affairs. 60 (3), 593–628.

Cannon-Bowers, Janis; Salas, Eduardo (2001) “Reflections on Shared Cognition” Journal of Organizational Behavior. 22 (2), 195–202.

Cannon-Bowers, Janis; Salas, Eduardo; Converse, Sharolyn (1993) “Shared Mental Models in Expert Team Decision Making” in Castellan Jr., N. J. (Ed.) Individual and Group Decision Making: Current Issues. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 221–246.

Carlsnaes, Walter (1993) “On Analysing the Dynamics of Foreign Policy Change” Cooperation and Conflict. 28 (1), 5–30.

Casey, Steven (2008) “Franklin D. Roosevelt” in Casey, S; Wright, J. (Eds.) Mental Maps in the Era of Two World Wars. New York: Palgrave-Macmillan, 216–239.

Casey, Steven; Wright, Jonathan (Eds.) (2011) Mental Maps in the Early Cold War Era, 1945–68. New York: Palgrave-Macmillan.

Casey, Steven; Wright, Jonathan (Eds.) (2008) Mental Maps in the Era of Two World Wars. New York: Palgrave-Macmillan.

Chi, Michelene (2008) “Three Types of Conceptual Change: Belief Revision, Mental Model Transformation, and Categorical Shift” in Vosniadou, S. (Ed.) Handbook of Research on Conceptual Change. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum, 61–82.

Cioffi-Revilla, Claudio (1998) “The Political Uncertainty of Interstate Rivalries: A Punctuated Equilibrium Model” in Diehl, P. (Ed.) The Dynamics of Enduring Rivalries. Champaign, IL: University of Illinois Press, 64–97.

Claval, Paul (2006) História da Geografia. Lisbon: Edições 70, Lda.

Cohen, Louis; Manion, Lawrence; Morrison, Keith (2007) Research Methods in Education. New York: Routledge.

Cohen, Michael; March, James; Olsen, Johan (1972) “A Garbage Can Model of Organizational Choice” Administrative Science Quarterly. 17 (1), 1–25.

Colaresi, Michael; Rasler, Karen; Thompson, William (2007) Strategic Rivalries: Position, Space and Conflict Escalation. New York: Cambridge University Press.

Colgan, Jeff; Keohane, Robert; Van de Graaf, Thijs (2012) “Punctuated Equilibrium in the Energy Regime Complex” The Review of International Organizations. 7 (2), 117–143.

Collier, David (2011) “Understanding Process Tracing” Political Science and Politics. 44 (4), 823–830.

Collier, David; Mahon Jr., James (1993) “Conceptual ‘Stretching’ Stretching Revisited: Adapting Categories in Comparative Analysis” The American Political Science Review. 87 (4), 845–855.

Colucci, Lamont (2012) The National Security Doctrines of the American Presidency: How They Shape Our Present and Future. Volume 2. Santa Barbara, CA: Praeger.

Cooke, Nancy; Gorman, Jamie; Winner, Jennifer (2007) “Team Cognition” in Durso, F; Nickerson, R; Dumais, S; Perfect, T. (Eds.) Handbook of Applied Cognition. West Sussex: John Wiley & Sons, 239–268.

Cooren, François (2004) “Textual Agency: How Texts Do Things in Organizational Settings” Organization. 11 (3), 373–393.

Cottam, Martha (1992) “The Carter Administration’s Policy toward Nicaragua: Images, Goals, and Tactics” Political Science Quarterly. 107 (1), 123–146.

Cottam, Martha (1992) “The Carter Administration’s Policy toward Nicaragua: Images, Goals, and Tactics” Political Science Quarterly. 107 (1), 123–146.

Craig, Campbell; Logevall, Fredrik (2009) America’s Cold War: The Politics of Insecurity. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Crang, Mike (1998) Cultural Geography. New York: Routledge.

Criekemans, David (2009) Where ‘geopolitics’ and ‘foreign policy analysis’ once met: the work of Harold and Margaret Sprout and its continued relevance today. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the ISA’s 50th Annual Convention “Exploring the Past, Anticipating the Future”, New York [February 15th–18th, 2009].

Cronin, Matthew; Weingart, Laurie; Todorova, Gergana (2011) “Dynamics in Groups: Are We There Yet?” The Academy of Management Annals. 5 (1), 571–612.

Curşeu, Petru (2011) “Framing Effects in Small-Group and Intergroup Negotiation: A Cognitive Perspective” in Donohue, W; Rogan, R; Kaufman, S. (Eds.) Framing Matters: Perspectives on Negotiation and Practice in Communication. New York: Peter Lang Academic Publishers, 71–94.

Dalby, Simon (2010) “Recontextualising Violence, Power and Nature: The Next Twenty Years of Critical Geopolitics?” Political Geography 29 (5), 280–288

Dallek, Robert (2007) Nixon and Kissinger: Partners in Power. New York: HarperCollins Publishers.

da Vinha, Luis (2012) “Charting Geographic Mental Maps in Foreign Policy Analysis: A Literature Review” Human Geographies – Journal of Studies and Research in Human Geography. 6 (1), 5–17.

da Vinha (2011) “Assessing the Conceptual ‘Goodness’ of Geographic Mental Maps for Foreign Policy Analysis” Romanian Review on Political Geography. 13 (2), 133–148.

da Vinha (2010) “Acquiring Geographic Knowledge in International Politics” Universitas: Relações Internacionais. 8 (2), 53–94.

DeConde, Alexander; Burns, Richard; Logevall, Fredrik (2002) Encyclopedia of American Foreign Policy: Studies of the Principal Movements and Ideas. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons.

Delaney, David; Leitner, Helga (1997) “The Political Construction of Scale” Political Geography 16 (2), 93–97

Deutsch, Karl; Merritt, Richard (1965) “Effects of Events on National and International Images” in Kelman, H. (Ed.) International Behavior: A Social-Psychological Analysis. New York: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston.

Diehl, Paul; Goertz, Gary (2001) War and Peace in International Rivalry. Ann Arbor, MI: The University of Michigan Press.

Digby, James (1981) The Emerging American Strategy: Application to Southwest Asia. Santa Monica, CA: The RAND Corporation.

Dijkink, Gertjan (1998) “Geopolitical Codes and Popular Representations” GeoJournal. 46 (4), 293–299.

Dobson, Alan; Marsh, Steve (2001) US Foreign Policy Since 1945. London: Routledge.

Dodds, Klaus-John (1994) “Geopolitics and Foreign Policy: Recent Developments in Anglo-American Political Geography and International Relations” Progress in Human Geography. 18 (2), 186–208.

Donovan, Michael (1997) “National Intelligence and the Iranian Revolution” Intelligence and National Security. 12 (1), 143–163.

Doty, Roxanne (1993) “Foreign Policy as Social Construction: A Post-Positivist Analysis of US Counterinsurgency Policy in the Philippines” International Studies Quarterly. 37 (3), 297–320.

Downs, Roger; Stea, David (2005) “Cognitive Maps and Spatial Behavior: Process and Products” in Downs, R; Stea, D. (Eds.) Image and Environment: Cognitive Mapping and Spatial Behavior. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction Publishers, 8–26.

Dutton, Jane (1986) “The Processing of Crisis and Non-Crisis Strategic Issues” Journal of Management Studies. 23 (5), 501–517.

Dutton, Jane; Ashford, Susan (1993) “Selling Issues to Top Management” The Academy of Management Review. 18 (3), 397–428.

Dutton, Jane; Ashford, Susan; O’Neill, Regina; Lawrence, Katherine (2001) “Moves That Matter: Issue Selling and Organizational Change” The Academy of Management Journal. 44 (4), 716–736.

Dutton, Jane; Jackson, Susan (1987) “Categorizing Strategic Issues: Links to Organizational Action” Academy of Management Review. 12 (1), 76–90.

Duveen, Gerard (2000) “Introduction: The Power of Ideas” in Moscovici, S; Duveen, G (Eds.) Social Representations: Explorations in Social Psychology. Cambridge: Polity Press, 1–17.

Eban, Abba (1978) “Camp David: The Unfinished Business” Foreign Affairs. 57 (2), 343–354.

Echterhoff, Gerald; Higgins, E. Tory; Levine, John (2009) “Shared Reality: Experiencing Commonality with Others’ Inner States About the World” Perspectives on Psychological Science. 4 (5), 496–521.

Eidelson, Roy; Eidelson, Judy (2003) “Dangerous Ideas: Five Beliefs that Propel Groups Toward Conflict” American Psychologist. 58 (3), 182–192.

Eldredge, Niles; Gould, Stephen (1993) “Punctuated Equilibrium Comes of Age” Nature. 366, 223–227.

Eldredge, Niles; Gould, Stephen (1977) “Punctuated Equilibrium: The Tempo and Mode of Evolution Reconsidered” Paleobiology. 3 (2), 115–151.

Eldredge, Niles; Gould, Stephen (1972) “Punctuated Equilibria: An Alternative to Phyletic Gradualism” in Schopf, T. (Ed.) Models of Paleobiology. San Francisco, CA: Freeman, Cooper, and Co., 82–115.

Elman, Colin; Elman, Miriam (2001) “Negotiating International History and Politics” in Elman, C; Elman, M. (Eds.) Bridges and Boundaries: Historians, Political Scientists, and the Study of International Relations. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1–36.

Emery, Christian (2013) “United States Iran Policy 1979–1980: The Anatomy and Legacy of American Diplomacy” Diplomacy & Statecraft. 24 (4), 619–639.

Esain, Ann; Williams, Sharon; Massey, Lynn (2008) “Combining Planned and Emergent Change in a Healthcare Lean Transformation” Public Money & Management. 28 (1), 21–26.

Etzioni, Amitai (1964) Modern Organizations. Engelwood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall, Inc.

Fallows, James (1979) “The Passionless Presidency: The trouble with Jimmy Carter’s Administration” The Atlantic Monthly. Available at http://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/1979/05/the-passionless-presidency/308516/ (Accessed 12 August, 2013).

Fear, William (2012) “Discursive Activity in the Boardroom: The Role of Minutes in the Construction of Social Realities” Group & Organization Management. 37 (4), 486–520.

Feifer, Gregory (2009) The Great Gamble: The Soviet War in Afghanistan. New York: HarperCollins Publishers.

Ferguson, Niall (2010) “Complexity and Collapse: Empires on the Edge of Chaos” Foreign Affairs. 89 (2), 18–32.

Flibbert, Andrew (2006) “The Road to Baghdad: Ideas and Intellectuals in Explanations of the Iraq War” Security Studies. 15 (2), 310–352.

Flint, Colin (2006) Introduction to Geopolitics. New York: Routledge.

Flint, Colin (2005) “Introduction: Geography of War and Peace” in Flint, C. (Ed.) The Geography of War and Peace: From Death Camps to Diplomats. New York: Oxford University Press, 1–15.

Flint, Colin; Adduci, Michael; Chen, Michael; Chi, Sang-hyun (2009a) “Mapping the Dynamism of the United States’ Geopolitical Code: The Geography of the State of the Union Speeches, 1988–2008” Geopolitics. 14 (4), 604–629.

Flint, Colin; Diehl, Paul; Scheffran, Juergen; Vasquez, John; Chi, Sang-hyun (2009b) “Conceptualizing ConflictSpace: Toward a Geography of Relational Power and Embeddedness in the Analysis of Interstate Conflict” Annals of the Association of American Geographers. 99 (5), 827–835.

Flores, Fernando; Graves, Michael; Hartfield, Brad; Winograd, Terry (1988) “Computer Systems and the Design of Organizational interaction” ACM Transactions on Office Information Systems. 6 (2), 153–172.

Ford, Jeffrey (1999) “Organizational Change as Shifting Conversations” Journal of Organizational Change Management. 12 (6), 480–500.

Ford, Jeffrey; Ford, Laurie (2003) “Conversations and the Authoring of Change” in Holman, D; Thorpe, R. (Eds.) Management and Language: The Manager as a Practical Author. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publishing, 141–156.

Ford, Jeffrey; Ford, Laurie (1995) “The Role of Conversations in Producing Intentional Change in Organizations” The Academy of Management Review. 20 (3), 541–570.

Forsyth, Donelson (2010) Group Dynamics. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth, Cengage Learning.

Freedman, Lawrence (2009) A Choice of Enemies: America Confronts the Middle East. London: Phoenix.

Gaddis, John Lewis (2005) Strategies of Containment: A Critical Appraisal of American National Security Policy during the Cold War. New York: Oxford University Press.

Gaddis, John Lewis (1997) “History, Theory, and Common Ground” International Security. 22 (1), 75–85.

Gaenslen, Fritz (1992) “Decision-making Groups” in Singer, E; Hudson, V. (Eds.) Political Psychology and Foreign Policy. Boulder, CO: Westview Publishers.

Gardner, Lloyd (2009) Three Kings: The Rise of an American Empire in the Middle East after World War II. New York: The New Press.

Garrison, Jean (2002) “Explaining Change in the Carter Administration’s China Policy: Foreign Policy Adviser Manipulation of the Policy Agenda” Asian Affairs. 29 (2), 83–98.

Garthoff, Raymond (1985) Détente and Confrontation: American-Soviet Relations from Nixon to Reagan. Washington, DC: The Brookings Institution.

Gasiorowski, Mark (1987) “The 1953 Coup D’etat in Iran” International Journal of Middle East Studies. 19 (3), 261–286.

George, Alexander (1997a) “From Groupthink to Contextual Analysis of Policy-making Groups” in ‘t Hart, P; Stern, E; Sundelius, B. (Eds.) Beyond Groupthink: Political Group Dynamics and Foreign Policy-making. Ann Arbor, MI: The University of Michigan Press, 35–54.

George, Alexander (1997b) “Knowledge for Statecraft: The Challenge for Political Science and History” International Security. 22 (1), 44–52.

George, Alexander (1980) Presidential Decisionmaking in Foreign Policy: The Effective Use of Information and Advice. Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press.

George, Alexander (1969) “The ‘Operational Code’: A Neglected Approach to the Study of Political Leaders and Decision-Making” International Studies Quarterly. 13 (2), 190–222.

George, Alexander; Bennett, Andrew (2004) Case Studies and Theory Development in the Social Sciences. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

George, Alexander; McKeown, Timothy (1985) “Case Studies and Theories of Organizational Decision Making” Advances in Information Processing in Organizations. 2, 21–58.

Gergen, Kenneth; McNamee, Sheila; Barrett, Frank (2001) “Toward Transformative Dialogue” International Journal of Public Administration. 24 (7 & 8), 679–707.

Gerring, John (2010) “Causal Mechanism: Yes, But…” Comparative Political Studies. 43 (11), 1499–1526.

Gerring, John (1999) “What Makes a Concept Good? A Critical Framework for Understanding Concept Formation in the Social Sciences” Polity. 31 (3), 357–393.

Gersick, Connie (1991) “Revolutionary Change Theories: A Multilevel Exploration of the Punctuated Equilibrium Paradigm” The Academy of Management Review. 16 (1), 10–36.

Gersick, Connie; Hackman, J. Richard (1990) “Habitual Routines in Task-Performing Groups” Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes. 47 (1), 65–97.